영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Open a music streaming app on any given morning, and a personalized playlist is usually already waiting, ① assembled overnight from songs the algorithm predicts will match a listener's current mood. This prediction relies on far more than genre alone; the system studies skip rates, replay counts, and even the time of day a song is typically ② playing, building a remarkably detailed profile of individual taste. Listeners often praise the feature for ③ introducing them to artists they never would have searched for on their own, effectively acting as a tireless music scout working around the clock. Musicians, meanwhile, have mixed feelings about this shift in how audiences ④ discover new music. A song that the algorithm decides not to promote may struggle ⑤ to reach listeners no matter how well it was written.

A growing number of health apps now track steps, sleep, and heart rate throughout the day, ① quietly building a detailed picture of a user's physical condition without requiring a single visit to a doctor's office. By comparing this stream of data against patterns drawn from millions of other users, the app's algorithm can flag early warning signs, such as an irregular heartbeat, long before the person ② experiencing it would have noticed anything unusual on their own. For people living far from specialists or unable to afford frequent checkups, this kind of constant monitoring can ③ feel like a genuine safety net. Doctors caution, however, that these apps ④ are designed to detect patterns, not to diagnose illness, and that a worried user should always confirm any alarming reading with a professional. Treating a wellness app as a substitute for medical expertise, they warn, can ⑤ being just as risky as ignoring a warning altogether.

Browsing an online store today often means ① chatting with an AI assistant that asks a few quick questions, such as budget or intended use, before suggesting a short list of products tailored to the answers. Unlike a static list of best-sellers, this assistant can adjust its suggestions on the spot, ② responding to follow-up questions the way a knowledgeable salesperson might in a physical store. Retailers report that shoppers ③ who use these chatbots tend to complete purchases more often and return fewer items, since the guided conversation helps buyers choose products that actually fit their needs. Some shoppers, however, remain wary of how personal the questions can feel, ④ wonder how much of that conversation is quietly stored and reused to influence future purchases. Consumer advocates argue that stores should clearly explain what happens to this data, rather than ⑤ burying the explanation in a lengthy privacy policy.

Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant in the world, ① prizing for its ability to sharpen focus and fight off fatigue within minutes of consumption. It works by blocking adenosine, a chemical that gradually builds up in the brain throughout the day and ② makes us feel increasingly sleepy the longer we stay awake. By occupying the receptors that adenosine would normally bind to, caffeine tricks the brain into ③ feeling alert even when the body has accumulated significant sleep pressure. The effects, however, last far longer than most people realize. Because caffeine can remain active in the bloodstream for five to six hours, a cup of coffee ④ consumed in the late afternoon may still be interfering with the ability to fall asleep at midnight. Even when people do not consciously notice difficulty falling asleep, caffeine has been shown ⑤ to reduce the amount of deep, restorative sleep obtained later in the night.

Highlighting an awkward sentence and instantly seeing three smoother alternatives has become a routine part of writing for many students, thanks to AI writing assistants built into word processors and browsers. These tools check grammar and spelling, of course, but the more advanced versions go further, suggesting clearer phrasing, ① flagging repetitive words, and even adjusting tone to sound more formal or more casual depending on the purpose. Teachers generally ② welcome the grammar and spelling support, since it frees up class time to focus on argument and structure rather than comma placement. Concerns ③ shrink, however, around the tone and phrasing suggestions, which can gradually nudge every student's writing toward a similar, polished style, making it harder to tell an individual voice from a suggestion generated by the same underlying model. Some schools have begun asking students to submit an early draft alongside the final version, specifically to ④ preserve evidence of a student's own ⑤ original voice.

When people discuss climate change, they often focus only on rising temperatures or melting ice, treating it as a purely scientific issue. However, the concept of climate justice reminds us that the causes and consequences of climate change are distributed ①**evenly** across the globe. Wealthy, industrialized nations have historically released the ②**largest** share of greenhouse gases while building their economies, yet developing nations, which contributed comparatively little, frequently suffer the most ③**severe** droughts and floods. This gap between responsibility and suffering raises a serious ④**ethical** question that science alone cannot answer. For example, a farming community in a low-income country may lose its entire harvest to an unusual flood, even though its members have never owned a car or flown on a plane. Therefore, tackling climate change requires more than new technology; it demands ⑤**fair** policies supporting the very communities least responsible for causing the crisis.

ESG management refers to a company's efforts to consider Environmental, Social, and Governance factors alongside profit when making business decisions. Investors increasingly rely on ESG ratings to judge whether a company is managed responsibly and sustainably over the long term. Recently, however, many corporations have learned to boost their ESG scores without genuinely transforming their operations. Some firms publish glossy reports filled with impressive statistics while their actual carbon emissions barely decline, exploiting the fact that ESG evaluation systems still lack consistent global standards. This gap between appearance and substance has led critics to demand stricter, more transparent criteria for measuring corporate responsibility. Genuine ESG management, in contrast, requires _______________. Investors who wish to identify truly responsible companies should therefore examine detailed disclosures instead of trusting labels alone.

A smartwatch strapped to a runner's wrist can now do far more than simply count steps; it monitors heart rate variability, running form, and recovery time, then uses that data to suggest a training plan tailored to the individual rather than a generic weekly schedule. (A) Sports scientists note an important caveat, however: a wrist-based sensor cannot fully capture the same physiological detail available in a professional lab. (B) When the device detects signs of overtraining, such as an unusually high resting heart rate several mornings in a row, it may recommend a lighter workout or an extra rest day before fatigue turns into an actual injury. (C) Amateur athletes often credit this kind of guidance with helping them train more consistently without pushing their bodies too hard.

Even small adjustments, such as dimming the lights an hour before bedtime, can make this environment noticeably more sleep-friendly. Sleep hygiene refers to a set of simple daily habits that help the body prepare for consistent, restorative rest. ( ① ) Experts commonly recommend going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends, because an irregular schedule confuses the body's internal clock and makes it harder to fall asleep on demand. ( ② ) They also advise reserving the bedroom for sleep alone, since using the bed to study, scroll through a phone, or watch videos teaches the brain to associate that space with wakeful activity rather than rest. ( ③ ) Physical environment matters as well: a cool, dark, and quiet room tends to produce deeper sleep than one that is warm, bright, or noisy. ( ④ ) None of these individual habits guarantees a good night's sleep on its own, but together they form a routine that gradually trains the body to expect and enter sleep more easily, much the way a consistent set of cues trains an athlete's body to perform at a certain time each day. ( ⑤ )

The technology listens to audio, breaks it into individual sounds, and matches those sounds against a massive library of words and phrases to predict what was actually said. Turning on automatic captions used to mean settling for garbled text full of obvious errors, but recent speech-recognition models have made same-language captions accurate enough that many viewers now leave them on by default, even when watching content in their native language. ( ① ) For viewers who are deaf or hard of hearing, this improvement has quietly transformed everyday access to video content that once required a human transcriber and a considerable amount of time to caption properly. ( ② ) The system still stumbles over overlapping speakers, strong accents, and specialized vocabulary such as medical or technical terms. ( ③ ) It occasionally produces captions that are unintentionally funny. ( ④ ) Even with these flaws, most users agree that imperfect captions are far more useful than no captions at all. ( ⑤ )