영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Time blocking is a time-management technique in which a person ①divides the day into fixed blocks. Each block is then assigned to a single task. Instead of relying on a loose to-do list, the person decides exactly when each task ②will starting and end. This approach lowers the mental effort of deciding what to do next, since the schedule already provides the answer. It also limits multitasking, because each block ③is reserved for only one activity at a time. For instance, a student may block ninety minutes for math practice, ④leaving no room for messages or web browsing. Because each block has a clear boundary, unfinished work is ⑤less likely to quietly spread into the next task.

The planning fallacy describes the tendency to ①systematically underestimate how long a task will take, even when experience suggests otherwise. Psychologists ②who studied this bias found that people focus mainly on an idealized, best-case version of a project. They focus less on how similar projects actually unfolded before. A student who insists an essay takes two hours, despite ③needing five hours for every previous essay, shows a clear instance of the fallacy. Large construction projects offer another example. Officials frequently predict completion dates that later ④proves far too optimistic once delays appear. Some researchers recommend a technique called reference class forecasting, ⑤comparing a new task to similar completed tasks.

Remote work has moved from a rare privilege to a common practice for millions of employees worldwide. Many companies that once required workers ①to commute daily now allow them to complete tasks from home. Supporters argue that remote work increases productivity, since employees avoid long commutes and ②distracting office environments. It also allows companies to hire talented people regardless of where they live, ③widening the pool of candidates. Critics, however, worry that remote work weakens teamwork and ④make it harder for new employees to learn from experienced colleagues. Without regular face-to-face interaction, some workers feel isolated and ⑤struggle to build strong professional relationships.

Time-management researchers frequently mention a principle ①known as Parkinson's Law, which states that work expands to fill the time available for its completion. According to this idea, a task that could be finished in one hour will often stretch to fill an entire afternoon if that much time ②is scheduled for it. Students who set vague deadlines frequently experience this effect, spending extra hours ③refined a report that was already complete. Employees given a full week for a simple project may also delay meaningful progress until the final days, even though the actual work ④requires far less effort. This pattern happens partly because people unconsciously adjust their pace to match perceived urgency. Setting shorter, more specific deadlines can counter this tendency, forcing tasks to fit within a tighter and more realistic window. By recognizing how flexible time encourages unnecessary delay, individuals can complete assignments more efficiently ⑤without sacrificing quality.

Companies that ignore these concerns risk public backlash, especially when unethical practices are ①exposed through investigative journalism or social media. Real accountability, according to many experts, requires independent verification rather than self-reported claims that ②can be easily checked. Consumers, for their part, must also remain ③vigilant, since a company's marketing language does not always match its actual practices. When ethical claims are verified and accurate, however, they can build meaningful ④trust between a brand and its customers. Ultimately, corporate responsibility should be treated as an ⑤ongoing commitment rather than a marketing strategy.

The twenty-hour rule proposes that years of practice are not needed to become skilled at a new activity. Only about twenty hours of effort are needed to reach a ①worthless level. Unlike theories claiming true mastery requires ten thousand hours, this rule targets a more ②modest goal. That goal is simple competence for everyday use. According to supporters, practicing any new skill produces the ③fastest visible improvement, since a beginner has room to grow. Advocates emphasize that the twenty hours must be ④deliberate and focused, broken into short daily sessions rather than one long stretch. The hours should be aimed at fixing weaknesses rather than ⑤repeating what one already knows.

Not all environmental changes happen at the same steady pace. (A) A well-known example involves melting Arctic ice, which exposes darker ocean water that absorbs more sunlight and speeds up further melting in a self-reinforcing cycle. (B) Once this kind of threshold is crossed, reversing the damage becomes extremely difficult, which is why scientists consider identifying these points an urgent priority. (C) Some changes accumulate slowly and predictably, while others can suddenly accelerate once a critical threshold, known as a tipping point, is crossed.

Many economists have studied how automation affects different sectors of the economy, and their research reveals a consistent pattern. (A) For example, manufacturing plants that adopted robotics saw production speed double within five years, while the number of routine assembly jobs fell sharply. (B) As a result, workers today are encouraged to develop skills that complement machines rather than compete with them, such as creativity and critical thinking. (C) At first, automation mainly affected repetitive manual tasks in manufacturing, but it has since spread into administrative and even creative fields.

주어진 문장: This is why many coaches encourage athletes to keep their pre-game rituals exactly the same, even when circumstances change. Psychologists who study daily behavior describe habits through a model called the cue-routine-reward loop. ( ① ) This theory explains that every habit begins with a cue, a signal that tells the brain to start an automatic behavior. ( ② ) The brain then performs a routine, which is the action itself, whether physical or mental. ( ③ ) Finally, the brain receives a reward, a positive feeling that makes it want to repeat the same behavior. ( ④ ) For example, a notification sound can act as a cue that leads a student to check a phone, and the relief from boredom becomes the reward. Similarly, opening a refrigerator out of habit rather than hunger shows how a routine can run without conscious thought. Because this loop operates automatically, breaking a bad habit requires changing the routine while keeping the same cue and reward. ( ⑤ ) Understanding this structure helps people redesign daily patterns more effectively than relying on willpower alone.

주어진 문장: Back then, few people could have predicted that such a job would even exist. When Mina graduated from college five years ago, she had never even heard the term "data scientist." ( ① ) She had studied statistics simply because she enjoyed solving puzzles with numbers. ( ② ) Everything changed when a small tech startup, which was building an app to predict traffic patterns, hired her to analyze massive amounts of data. ( ③ ) Mina quickly discovered that she loved turning raw numbers into insights that helped real people make better decisions. ( ④ ) Within two years, demand for professionals like her had exploded, as companies in every industry realized how valuable data could be. ( ⑤ ) Today, Mina leads a team of ten analysts, mentoring young graduates.