영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

The gig economy, in which people take on short-term or freelance jobs, ①has grown rapidly over the past decade. Digital platforms now connect customers directly with drivers, designers, and writers, ②allowing workers to choose when and how much they work. Businesses, meanwhile, can hire help only when they ③actually need it. For many young people entering the job market, gig work provides valuable flexibility ④that traditional employment rarely allows. However, gig workers often lack benefits such as health insurance, which full-time employees typical ⑤receive.

For decades, athletes were taught to stretch a muscle and hold the position before any competition, believing that this practice alone would ① prevent injury. Recent research, however, has complicated that assumption considerably. Static stretching, in which a muscle is held at its longest length for an extended period, can actually ② reduce the muscle's ability to generate explosive force immediately afterward, which is troubling for sprinters or jumpers who need maximum power right away. Dynamic stretching, which involves controlled, repeated movement through a joint's full range of motion, appears to ③ prepare muscles for activity without this temporary weakening effect. As a result, many coaches now recommend ④ saving static stretching for after a workout, when it may help restore muscle length and reduce soreness, while reserving dynamic movements for the warm-up period before intense effort begins. The right technique, in other words, depends heavily on ⑤ chance.

Telemedicine, which allows patients to consult doctors through video calls rather than in-person visits, has expanded rapidly since its early ①adoption. Supporters argue that this approach saves patients considerable time and makes healthcare ②accessible to people living in remote areas without nearby hospitals. However, critics contend that virtual appointments can ③easily replace physical examinations, which remain essential for detecting certain conditions. They also worry that elderly patients unfamiliar with technology may ④struggle to access these services effectively. Despite such concerns, most healthcare experts believe telemedicine will continue to grow, ⑤complementing rather than replacing traditional in-person care.

A short nap taken in the early afternoon, often called a power nap, can noticeably sharpen attention and mood without leaving a person ① refreshed afterward. The key lies in timing: naps limited to roughly twenty minutes allow the brain to pass through the ② lightest stages of sleep while avoiding the deeper stages associated with slow-wave activity. If a nap extends much beyond that window, the sleeper risks waking during deep sleep, which produces a ③ foggy, disoriented feeling known as sleep inertia that can persist for thirty minutes or more. Laboratory studies comparing napping and non-napping groups have ④ repeatedly shown that a brief nap improves reaction time and short-term memory almost as effectively as a full night of extra rest. Interestingly, the benefit appears ⑤ strongest when the nap occurs several hours after waking, since this is when the body's natural dip in alertness makes rest most effective.

Many people believe that building a new habit requires strong willpower or motivation. However, psychologist BJ Fogg argues that habits form more easily when a behavior itself becomes simple to perform. His theory, called the Fogg Behavior Model, states that ___________. When motivation is low, the task must be made extremely easy, or it will not happen at all. For instance, a person who wants to exercise daily succeeds more often by committing to one push-up than to a long workout. Fogg calls this idea the law of least effort, since people naturally choose the option requiring the least energy. A student who wants to read more might leave a book open on the desk rather than setting a vague goal. By lowering the required effort, people reduce the ability barrier and make steady action far more achievable.

Influencer marketing has become one of the most powerful tools that companies use to reach young consumers. Unlike traditional advertisements, which often feel distant and impersonal, posts created by influencers seem more like advice from a trusted friend. This sense of closeness, built through years of sharing daily life online, makes followers more willing to trust product recommendations than ordinary commercials. For example, a skincare brand promoted by a popular lifestyle influencer can sell out within hours simply because her audience believes her opinions are honest. However, this trust can be exploited when influencers promote products they have never actually tried. As a result, several countries now require influencers to clearly disclose paid partnerships before posting sponsored content. Consumers are becoming more cautious, checking whether reviews are sponsored before making a purchase. In the end, influencer marketing ___________.

Skipping a proper warm-up before intense exercise might seem like a harmless way to save a few minutes, but the practice carries real physiological costs, since a cold muscle is stiffer and less elastic than a warm one. Gradually raising body temperature through light activity increases blood flow to the muscles and speeds up nerve signals between the brain and the muscle fibers. A proper warm-up also raises heart rate gradually, easing the cardiovascular system into strenuous work. As a result, _______________. For this reason, coaches treat warm-up routines not as optional preparation but as an essential part of training itself.

For centuries, dreams have fascinated scientists and philosophers alike, yet no single theory fully explains why the sleeping brain generates such vivid and often bizarre experiences. One prominent idea suggests that dreaming helps the brain process emotional experiences, _______________. Another theory proposes that dreams serve a more practical function, allowing the brain to rehearse responses to threats without any real danger, a kind of nightly simulation that may have offered early humans a survival advantage. Still other researchers argue that dreaming is simply a byproduct of the brain organizing memories, with vivid imagery arising as the mind sorts through the day's information rather than serving any independent purpose of its own.

Across the world, teenagers are chronically short on sleep, often getting two or three hours less than the eight to ten hours experts recommend for their age. (A) In response, some school districts have experimented with delaying start times, and early results suggest that students who gain extra rest show improved grades and better mood. (B) As a result, chronic sleep loss during adolescence has been linked to impaired concentration, weakened memory, and a higher risk of anxiety and depression. (C) Part of the problem lies in biology, since the body's internal clock naturally shifts later during puberty, while school start times rarely adjust to match.

주어진 문장: This is why productivity coaches often recommend starting with just one or two blocks per day rather than filling the entire schedule at once. Time blocking is a time-management technique in which a person divides the day into fixed blocks. Each block is then assigned to a single task. ( ① ) Instead of relying on a loose to-do list, the person decides exactly when each task will start and end. ( ② ) This approach lowers the mental effort of deciding what to do next, since the schedule already provides the answer. ( ③ ) It also limits multitasking, because each block is reserved for only one activity at a time. ( ④ ) For instance, a student may block ninety minutes for math practice, leaving no room for messages or web browsing, while another student may reserve an evening block solely for vocabulary review. Because each block has a clear boundary, unfinished work is less likely to quietly spread into the next task. Many people who adopt time blocking feel more organized throughout the day. ( ⑤ )