영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

As millions of people now earn income through delivery apps and ride-hailing platforms, questions about their legal status have become increasingly ①urgent. Most platform workers are classified as independent contractors rather than employees, which means they lack access to minimum wage guarantees, paid sick leave, and unemployment insurance. Companies ②oppose this arrangement because it allows them to avoid the costs associated with hiring full employees. Worker advocates argue that many platform workers ③depend on these jobs as their primary source of income, much like traditional employees do. Several countries have recently begun ④reconsidering their labor laws, proposing new categories that would grant platform workers some employee-like protections. Supporters of these reforms believe fair treatment and flexibility can ⑤coexist within the same system.

Every day, email providers quietly block billions of ①unwanted messages before they ever reach a user's inbox, a task that would be impossible without an AI filtering system running constantly in the background. The filter ②examines each incoming message for suspicious patterns, including certain keywords, unusual sender addresses, and formatting tricks that scammers commonly rely on to slip past detection. What makes the system effective is that it ③stops learning after launch, since whenever a user marks a message as spam or rescues a message mistakenly filtered out, that action becomes new training data, sharpening the filter's future decisions. This creates a constant back-and-forth, since spammers study which messages get blocked and then ④adjust their wording to slip through again. As a result, spam filtering is less like a fixed wall and more like an ⑤ongoing contest, with each side continuously adapting to outsmart the other.

Telemedicine, which allows patients to consult doctors through video calls rather than in-person visits, has expanded rapidly since its early ①adoption. Supporters argue that this approach saves patients considerable time and makes healthcare ②accessible to people living in remote areas without nearby hospitals. However, critics contend that virtual appointments can ③easily replace physical examinations, which remain essential for detecting certain conditions. They also worry that elderly patients unfamiliar with technology may ④struggle to access these services effectively. Despite such concerns, most healthcare experts believe telemedicine will continue to grow, ⑤complementing rather than replacing traditional in-person care.

Smart speakers have quietly become a fixture in many households, responding to spoken requests for weather updates, music, or kitchen timers. Behind this ①simple exchange lies a complex process: the device converts sound waves into text, interprets the meaning using language models, and then generates a spoken reply, all within a second or two. Because these assistants ②improve by learning from millions of interactions, they gradually become better at recognizing regional accents and casual phrasing that once confused them. Still, the technology remains far from ③perfect. Background noise, overlapping voices, or an unusual sentence structure can cause the assistant to misunderstand a simple request, sometimes with ④flawless results. Engineers continue to refine these systems, but many admit that truly natural conversation remains one of the hardest ⑤goals in the entire field of artificial intelligence.

Many companies now advertise themselves as environmentally responsible, yet a growing number of these claims turn out to be misleading. This practice, known as greenwashing, _______________. A company might launch a recycled-packaging line while continuing to pollute rivers through its main factories, creating a false impression of genuine change. Such tactics deceive well-intentioned consumers who wish to shop responsibly but lack the tools to verify corporate claims. In contrast, truly sustainable businesses publish detailed, independently verified data about their emissions and supply chains, allowing outsiders to check their progress. Therefore, shoppers should look beyond vague labels like green or natural and instead search for recognized certifications, transparent reports, and measurable targets. Without such scrutiny, greenwashing will keep flourishing, undermining public trust and slowing the broader shift toward an economy that truly protects the planet.

Artificial intelligence has begun to play a surprising role in creative industries once thought to be uniquely human. Some artists welcome this technology, using AI tools to explore new styles or overcome creative blocks that once took weeks to resolve. Others, however, argue that AI-generated art lacks the emotional depth that comes from genuine human experience. Despite this debate, most experts agree that AI is unlikely to fully replace artists anytime soon. Instead, it ___________, helping creators experiment faster while leaving final artistic decisions to humans.

Melatonin is a hormone produced by a small gland deep within the brain, and its release follows a remarkably predictable daily pattern. (A) This rhythm is controlled primarily by light: specialized cells in the eye detect brightness and send signals that either permit or suppress melatonin production, which is why exposure to bright screens late at night can delay its release and make falling asleep more difficult. (B) Levels stay low throughout the bright hours of the day, begin rising in the evening as darkness falls, peak in the middle of the night, and then decline again as morning approaches. (C) Unlike some hormones that directly cause the body to perform a task, melatonin does not force sleep to occur; instead, it signals to the rest of the body that night has arrived, preparing various systems to shift into a lower-energy state. Because of this signaling role, taking melatonin supplements at the wrong time can shift a person's internal clock in the opposite direction from what was intended.

주어진 문장: This explains why progress often feels rapid and motivating during the earliest days of learning something new. The twenty-hour rule proposes that years of practice are not needed to become skilled at a new activity. ( ① ) Only about twenty hours of effort are needed to reach a useful level. Unlike theories claiming true mastery requires ten thousand hours, this rule targets a more modest goal. That goal is simple competence for everyday use. ( ② ) According to supporters, practicing any new skill produces the fastest visible improvement, since a beginner has room to grow. ( ③ ) Someone learning guitar can typically strum simple chords and follow a basic song within twenty hours of daily practice. ( ④ ) Likewise, a language learner may soon order food or ask directions without years of formal study. ( ⑤ ) Advocates emphasize that the twenty hours must be deliberate and focused, broken into short daily sessions rather than one long stretch. The hours should be aimed at fixing weaknesses rather than repeating what one already knows.

주어진 문장: This influence is so strong that many companies actively encourage customers to leave feedback after each purchase. Before making a purchase, most online shoppers now read reviews written by previous customers rather than relying solely on advertisements. ( ① ) These reviews, posted by people who have no financial connection to the seller, often seem more trustworthy than promotional claims. ( ② ) Research shows that products with a large number of positive reviews sell significantly more than those with few or no reviews at all. ( ③ ) However, fake reviews written by paid writers or even automated programs have become a serious problem, undermining consumer trust. ( ④ ) Platforms that fail to detect these fraudulent posts risk losing credibility with their users. ( ⑤ ) Ultimately, the power of online reviews depends entirely on their perceived honesty.

주어진 문장: Still, the risk of falling behind outweighs the discomfort of constant adjustment, most experts say. As technology continues to reshape nearly every profession, the idea of finishing education after graduation has become outdated. ( ① ) Workers who once expected their initial training to last an entire career now find that skills can become obsolete within just a few years. ( ② ) Lifelong learning, therefore, has shifted from being an optional pursuit to a practical necessity for staying competitive in the job market. ( ③ ) Many professionals now take short online courses, attend workshops, or earn new certifications while continuing to work full-time. ( ④ ) Critics argue that constant learning can be exhausting and difficult to balance with personal responsibilities. ( ⑤ ) In a rapidly changing economy, the ability to learn continuously may matter more than any single degree.