영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Opening most camera apps today reveals a row of filters that can smooth skin, brighten eyes, and reshape a jawline before a photo is even taken, all powered by AI models ①trained to recognize facial features in real time. What began as a playful novelty has become a default setting for many users, subtly ②adjusting nearly every selfie posted online. Psychologists have grown concerned about a specific consequence of this shift: people increasingly compare their unfiltered reflection in a mirror to a filtered version of themselves ③seeing constantly on a screen, a comparison that earlier generations never had to face. Some social media platforms have responded by ④labeling heavily edited photos or banning certain filters that alter body shape. Whether such small warnings can meaningfully counter the daily flood of filtered images, however, ⑤remains an open question that researchers are only beginning to study.

Elite athletes often perform in front of enormous crowds with championships, contracts, and years of training riding on a single moment, and the psychological weight of that pressure can ①undermine skills that feel automatic in practice. Sports psychologists explain that intense anxiety narrows attention and disrupts the smooth, unconscious execution of well-learned movements, a phenomenon sometimes ②called choking under pressure. Rather than trying to eliminate nervousness entirely, which research suggests ③are nearly impossible, many trainers now teach athletes ④to reinterpret the physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing heart, as signs of readiness rather than danger. Over time, repeated exposure to high-pressure situations in practice, deliberately ⑤simulated to resemble real competition, allows athletes to build tolerance the same way their muscles adapt to physical training.

Psychologists who study daily behavior describe habits through a model ①called the cue-routine-reward loop. This theory explains that every habit begins with a cue, a signal that ②tell the brain to start an automatic behavior. The brain then performs a routine, ③which is the action itself, whether physical or mental. Finally, the brain receives a reward, a positive feeling that makes it want ④to repeat the same behavior. For example, a notification sound can act as a cue that leads a student to check a phone, and the relief from boredom becomes the reward. Similarly, opening a refrigerator out of habit rather than hunger shows how a routine can run without conscious thought. Because this loop operates automatically, breaking a bad habit requires changing the routine while keeping the same cue and reward. Understanding this structure helps people redesign daily patterns more effectively than ⑤relying on willpower alone.

Psychologist Leon Festinger introduced social comparison theory, which explains that people ①evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves with others. According to this theory, individuals engage in upward comparison when they measure themselves against someone who appears more ②successful, attractive, or accomplished. For instance, a teenager browsing vacation pictures posted by classmates may begin to feel that her own ordinary life is somehow ③inadequate. Unlike comparing oneself with someone in a similar position, which can sometimes ④boost confidence, upward comparison frequently triggers envy, dissatisfaction, and lower self-esteem. Researchers have found that frequent upward comparison online is linked to ⑤lower depression and anxiety.

As millions of people now earn income through delivery apps and ride-hailing platforms, questions about their legal status have become increasingly urgent. Most platform workers are classified as independent contractors rather than employees, which means they lack access to minimum wage guarantees, paid sick leave, or unemployment insurance. Several countries have recently begun reconsidering their labor laws, proposing new categories that would ___________. Supporters of these reforms believe fair treatment and flexibility can coexist within the same system.

Years ago, a small shoe company struggled to compete with larger, well-funded rivals in the market. Its products were solid, but customers rarely remembered the brand after a single purchase. One day, the founder decided to share the story behind the company: how her grandfather had once repaired shoes for factory workers who could not afford new pairs. She began printing this story on every shoebox and posting it across social media. Surprisingly, customers started responding not just to the shoes themselves but to the values the story represented. Sales slowly increased as people felt they were supporting something meaningful rather than simply buying a product. Other companies noticed this shift and began crafting their own narratives, hoping to create similar emotional connections. Eventually, the founder realized that ___________.

After a viewer finishes an episode, a streaming service rarely leaves the choice of what to watch next entirely up to chance. Instead, a recommendation algorithm compares that viewer's habits with patterns drawn from millions of other users, then ranks thousands of titles in order of predicted interest. The system is not without drawbacks, however. Because the algorithm favors titles similar to what a viewer already enjoys, it can quietly narrow someone's exposure to unfamiliar genres, directors, or cultures, creating a comfortable but repetitive bubble. Some platforms have begun inserting occasional wildcard suggestions, deliberately unrelated to past viewing habits, in an attempt to _______________.

주어진 문장: This concern reflects a deeper fear about what makes art meaningful in the first place. Artificial intelligence has begun to play a surprising role in creative industries once thought to be uniquely human. ( ① ) Programs can now compose music, generate paintings, and even draft short stories within seconds. ( ② ) Some artists welcome this technology, using AI tools to explore new styles or overcome creative blocks that once took weeks to resolve. ( ③ ) Others, however, argue that AI-generated art lacks the emotional depth that comes from genuine human experience. ( ④ ) Despite this debate, most experts agree that AI is unlikely to fully replace artists anytime soon. ( ⑤ ) Instead, it functions best as a collaborative tool, helping creators experiment faster while leaving final artistic decisions to humans.

This constant, individualized adjustment is what makes the technology feel so different from a standard workbook. Adaptive learning apps promise something no traditional classroom can easily offer: a lesson plan that adjusts itself to each individual student in real time. ( ① ) As a student answers practice questions, the app tracks which concepts are mastered and which remain shaky, then quietly reshuffles the next set of problems to target the weaker areas. ( ② ) Early studies suggest that this personalized pacing can help struggling students catch up faster than a one-size-fits-all worksheet ever could. ( ③ ) However, critics caution that an app cannot replace the encouragement, humor, and flexibility a human teacher brings to a lesson, especially when a student is frustrated rather than simply behind. ( ④ ) There is also a subtler concern: students who grow used to instant, algorithm-generated feedback may struggle later with the slower, more ambiguous kind of feedback that real-world tasks and mentors typically provide. ( ⑤ )

In other words, the body keeps a running total rather than resetting each day. Sleep debt refers to the cumulative gap between the amount of sleep a person needs and the amount they actually get. ( ① ) Unlike a financial debt, however, this deficit cannot simply be repaid with a single long weekend of rest. ( ② ) When someone loses two hours of sleep every night for a week, the body does not treat the shortage as fourteen separate small losses; instead, it accumulates the deficit, and the resulting impairment in attention and mood can resemble that of a person who has been awake for an entire night. ( ③ ) Researchers have found that even modest, chronic sleep restriction gradually impairs reaction time and decision-making, often without the affected person noticing the decline. ( ④ ) This is because subjective feelings of tiredness tend to plateau after a few days, even as objective performance keeps deteriorating. ( ⑤ ) Consequently, people frequently underestimate how much sleep debt they are carrying until a demanding task suddenly exposes the accumulated cost.