영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Climate scientists frequently warn about tipping points, thresholds beyond which a small additional change ①triggers a large, often irreversible shift in the climate system. Unlike gradual warming, which unfolds steadily over decades, crossing a tipping point can produce dramatic consequences within a short period. For instance, as Arctic ice melts, it exposes darker ocean water that ②absorb more sunlight than reflective ice, accelerating further melting in a self-reinforcing cycle. Similarly, scientists worry that a major ocean current, which currently ③redistributes heat across the planet, could slow dramatically if enough freshwater from melting glaciers dilutes the surrounding seawater. Once such thresholds are crossed, ④restoring the original balance may become nearly impossible, even if emissions are later reduced. Therefore, researchers argue that preventing these transitions ⑤matters more than merely slowing average temperature increases.

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment known as green jobs has ①expanded rapidly. Unlike many traditional industrial jobs, green jobs often require workers to combine technical training with an understanding of environmental science. Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy have seen employment in this sector grow far ②faster than in the economy overall. Young workers, in particular, are drawn to green careers because they offer a sense of purpose alongside financial ③stability. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs can be surprisingly ④easy, since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed to help such workers shift ⑤smoothly into renewable energy careers.

Jina used to fill her apartment with items she rarely used, believing that owning more things would make her happier. After moving twice within a single year, she grew exhausted from packing boxes filled with clothes she had never worn and gadgets she had forgotten she owned. Frustrated, she decided to try a minimalist lifestyle, keeping only objects that served a clear purpose or brought her genuine joy. Gradually, however, she noticed that her small apartment felt calmer and easier to manage. She also realized that she spent significantly less money once she stopped buying things impulsively to fill emotional gaps. Inspired by her experience, several of her friends began adopting similar habits, questioning purchases they once made without thinking. Jina's story reflects ___________.

Have you ever noticed that an unfinished task keeps returning to your mind long after you stopped working? This phenomenon was first noticed by psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik, who saw that waiters remembered unpaid orders better than paid ones. Her observation led to what is now called the Zeigarnik effect: ___________. According to this theory, the mind maintains mental tension until a task reaches closure, keeping the unfinished task active in memory.

When Mina graduated from college five years ago, she had never even heard the term "data scientist." Everything changed when a small tech startup, which was building an app to predict traffic patterns, hired her to analyze massive amounts of data. Mina quickly discovered that she loved turning raw numbers into insights that helped real people make better decisions. Within two years, ___________, as companies in every industry realized how valuable data could be. Today, Mina leads a team of ten analysts, mentoring young graduates who are drawn to a field that barely existed when she began her own career.

The Pomodoro Technique was originally developed using a simple kitchen timer shaped like a tomato. (A) Its creator discovered that dividing study time into short, timed intervals made it far easier to maintain concentration than studying for hours without pause. (B) Today, many productivity apps replicate this same twenty-five-minute cycle, allowing users to track their focused sessions digitally. (C) Based on this discovery, he designed a structured cycle of focused work followed by brief rest, which eventually became known worldwide.

Instead of typing keywords into a search bar, a growing number of people now simply upload a photo and let an algorithm figure out what it contains. (A) The system works by breaking an image down into countless small features, such as edges, colors, and shapes, then matching that pattern against millions of stored examples. (B) This process, known as reverse image search, compares the visual patterns in a picture against a massive database, identifying everything from a landmark in the background to the exact model of a pair of sneakers. (C) It is not flawless, however; a blurry photo, an unusual camera angle, or an object partly hidden behind another can easily confuse the algorithm.

For centuries, dreams have fascinated scientists and philosophers alike, yet no single theory fully explains why the sleeping brain generates such vivid and often bizarre experiences. (A) Another theory proposes that dreams serve a more practical function, allowing the brain to rehearse responses to threats without any real danger, a kind of nightly simulation that may have offered early humans a survival advantage. (B) Still other researchers argue that dreaming is simply a byproduct of the brain organizing memories rather than serving any independent purpose, and because these theories rest on indirect evidence, none has been conclusively proven, leading many scientists to suspect that dreaming may serve several functions simultaneously. (C) One prominent idea suggests that dreaming helps the brain process emotional experiences, replaying difficult events in a safe, low-stakes environment so that their emotional intensity gradually fades.

Ego depletion theory has sparked considerable debate among psychologists studying self-control. (A) One well-known experiment asked participants to resist eating fresh cookies while a bowl of radishes sat nearby, and these participants later gave up more quickly on a difficult puzzle. (B) The theory originally proposed that resisting temptation consumes a limited mental resource, leaving less energy available for subsequent tasks. (C) Researchers interpreted this result as evidence that resisting the cookies had drained the mental resource needed to persist on the puzzle.

주어진 문장: This process cannot happen overnight, since each stage depends on the completion of the one before it. Carbon neutrality refers to a state in which the amount of greenhouse gases a country or company releases into the atmosphere is balanced by the amount it removes, resulting in zero net emissions. ( ① ) Achieving this goal typically requires several sequential stages rather than a single sudden action. ( ② ) First, organizations attempt to reduce emissions directly by replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power. Next, they improve efficiency throughout their operations, minimizing the energy wasted during production and transportation. ( ③ ) Only after these direct measures have been maximized do most organizations turn to offsetting, which involves funding projects like reforestation or carbon capture to compensate for emissions that cannot yet be eliminated. ( ④ ) Critics argue, however, that some companies exploit offsetting too early, using it to avoid making genuine reductions. ( ⑤ ) Therefore, experts insist that a credible roadmap must always prioritize actual emission cuts before relying on compensation.