영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Adaptive learning apps promise something no traditional classroom can easily offer: a lesson plan ①that adjusts itself to each individual student in real time. As a student answers practice questions, the app tracks which concepts are mastered and which remain shaky, then quietly ②reshuffles the next set of problems to target the weaker areas. Early studies suggest that this personalized pacing can help struggling students ③catch up faster than a one-size-fits-all worksheet ever could. However, critics caution that an app cannot replace the encouragement, humor, and flexibility a human teacher brings to a lesson, especially when a student ④frustrating rather than simply behind. There is also a subtler concern: students who grow used to instant, algorithm-generated feedback may struggle later with the slower, more ambiguous kind of feedback that real-world tasks and mentors typically ⑤provide.

Choice architecture refers to how decisions are ①designed. It determines which option is automatically selected unless a person chooses otherwise, ②known as the default option. Research consistently shows that people tend to stick with whatever is already set, even when changing it takes only seconds. Organ donation is a well-known example. Countries ③which citizens are automatically registered as donors unless they opt out show much higher donation rates than opt-in countries. Retirement savings programs show a similar pattern, since employees ④automatically enrolled in a pension plan rarely cancel it. Voluntary sign-ups, in contrast, often delay indefinitely. Critics argue that default options can be manipulated to benefit companies, so transparency about how defaults are chosen becomes essential, and supporters insist it should be designed ⑤to support people's long-term interests.

A smartwatch strapped to a runner's wrist can now do far more than simply count steps; it monitors heart rate variability, running form, and recovery time, then uses that data to suggest a training plan ①tailored to the individual rather than a generic weekly schedule. When the device detects signs of overtraining, such as an unusually high resting heart rate several mornings in a row, it may recommend a ②lighter workout or an extra rest day before fatigue turns into an actual injury. Amateur athletes often credit this kind of guidance with helping them train more ③consistently without pushing their bodies too hard. Sports scientists note an important caveat, however: a wrist-based sensor cannot fully capture the same physiological detail available in a professional lab, so its suggestions should be treated as an ④infallible medical judgment rather than a helpful guideline, particularly for anyone ⑤managing a chronic health condition.

Psychologists who study daily behavior describe habits through a model called the cue-routine-reward loop. This theory explains that every habit ①begins with a cue, a signal that tells the brain to start an ②automatic behavior. The brain then performs a routine, which is the action itself, whether physical or mental. Finally, the brain receives a reward, a ③negative feeling that makes it want to ④repeat the same behavior. For example, a notification sound can act as a cue that leads a student to check a phone, and the relief from boredom becomes the reward. Similarly, opening a refrigerator out of habit rather than hunger shows how a routine can run almost without ⑤conscious thought. Because this loop operates automatically, breaking a bad habit requires changing the routine while keeping the same cue and reward. Understanding this structure helps people redesign daily patterns more effectively than relying on willpower alone.

A flexitarian is someone who mainly eats plant-based meals but occasionally includes meat or fish, unlike a ①strict vegetarian who avoids animal products entirely. This flexible diet has recently ②lost attention as a practical way to fight climate change, since raising livestock produces a ③significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions. Cattle, in particular, release large amounts of methane, a gas far more powerful than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. By replacing just a few meat-based meals each week with vegetables, grains, or legumes, individuals can ④noticeably shrink their carbon footprint without giving up meat completely. Nutritionists also emphasize that flexitarian eating is easier to maintain than full vegetarianism, because it allows flexibility rather than demanding absolute discipline. Therefore, many environmental groups now promote flexitarianism as a ⑤realistic first step, believing that gradual change, rather than sudden restriction, is more likely to spread widely across society.

A smart thermostat that learns a family's daily rhythm can lower the temperature automatically before everyone wakes up cold, while smart lights that follow a resident's schedule no longer need to be switched on and off by hand. These small ①conveniences rest on a shared foundation: sensors collect data about temperature, motion, and light throughout the home, and an algorithm gradually learns which settings match each household's actual habits rather than a factory default. Over months of use, the system becomes noticeably ②better at anticipating needs, often adjusting settings moments before a resident would have reached for a switch. Yet convenience comes with a trade-off that many households ③overlook. Every one of these small adjustments depends on constant data collection, meaning that a detailed record of daily habits is quietly being ④stored somewhere ⑤beyond their immediate control, giving residents full and constant access to exactly how it is used.

ESG management refers to a company's efforts to consider Environmental, Social, and Governance factors alongside profit when making business decisions. Investors increasingly rely on ESG ratings to judge whether a company is managed responsibly and sustainably over the long term. Recently, however, many corporations have learned to boost their ESG scores without genuinely transforming their operations. Some firms publish glossy reports filled with impressive statistics while their actual carbon emissions barely decline, exploiting the fact that ESG evaluation systems still lack consistent global standards. This gap between appearance and substance has led critics to demand stricter, more transparent criteria for measuring corporate responsibility. Genuine ESG management, in contrast, requires _______________. Investors who wish to identify truly responsible companies should therefore examine detailed disclosures instead of trusting labels alone.

As artificial intelligence grows more capable of performing tasks once considered exclusively human, many people wonder which skills will remain valuable in the future. However, most researchers argue that AI still struggles with tasks requiring genuine empathy, ethical judgment, and creative problem-solving in unfamiliar situations. Similarly, AI can generate countless design variations, yet it lacks the lived experience that allows humans to judge which idea truly resonates with people. For this reason, educators increasingly emphasize skills such as collaboration, critical thinking, and emotional intelligence, arguing that ___________.

In recent years, mental health experts have identified a distinct emotional response to environmental crisis, commonly called eco-anxiety. Eco-anxiety describes persistent worry, grief, or fear triggered by awareness of climate change and its consequences for the future. Although people of all ages can experience it, teenagers and young adults seem especially vulnerable, since they anticipate living through decades of worsening conditions. Common symptoms include difficulty sleeping, a sense of hopelessness, and guilt over ordinary choices such as travel or diet. For example, some students report feeling paralyzed whenever they read alarming climate news, unable to focus on schoolwork or hobbies. However, experts emphasize that eco-anxiety is not a disorder to be eliminated but a natural reaction that can be channeled productively. Rather than avoiding the topic, young people are _______________.

Some welcome the tool as a quick way to sketch ideas before refining them by hand. Feed an AI music program a mood, a tempo, and a rough genre, and within seconds it can generate a complete instrumental track, ready to be dropped under a video or used as background music for a small business. ( ① ) The software has studied thousands of existing songs, learning which chord progressions and rhythms tend to sound pleasant together, and it recombines these patterns into something new rather than copying any single source directly. ( ② ) For independent creators who cannot afford a composer or expensive licensing fees, this has been a genuine breakthrough. ( ③ ) Professional musicians, however, remain divided. ( ④ ) Others worry that a flood of AI-generated background music could quietly push human composers out of smaller, lower-budget projects, the very jobs many musicians once relied on to build a career. ( ⑤ )