영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Until last spring, Minji ①rarely thought twice about tossing a paper cup into the trash after finishing her coffee. Environmental issues seemed ②distant, something scientists and politicians should handle rather than an ordinary student like her. That changed when her class was assigned a documentary about plastic waste drifting through the ocean, footage she initially expected to find boring. Instead, watching seabirds mistake plastic fragments for food left her strangely ③comforted, and she found herself thinking about the assignment long after class ended. The next morning, almost without deciding to, she slipped her old tumbler into her backpack instead of buying a disposable cup on the way to school. It felt like a small, ④meaningless gesture at first. However, as weeks passed, she realized that consistently choosing the tumbler, declining a plastic straw, and reusing a shopping bag were quietly ⑤adding up. Small choices, she discovered, become meaningful once repeated.

Soyeon joined an online study group chat where dozens of students planned a class project together every evening. When one member suggested skipping a required survey step to save time, several others ①quickly agreed, and no one raised any objections. Soyeon ②privately worried that skipping the survey might weaken their project, but seeing everyone else nodding along, she stayed ③vocal rather than risk sounding difficult. The group proceeded confidently, convinced their shortcut was harmless, until their teacher pointed out ④serious gaps once the project was submitted. She realized that the chat's friendly, unified atmosphere had actually discouraged critical thinking, making poor decisions feel completely ⑤normal at the time.

Many people believe that a new habit becomes automatic after only twenty-one days, but researchers who examined real behavior found a different number. This project, called the 66-day habit formation study, tracked volunteers who tried to adopt a new daily habit, like drinking water with lunch. Researchers measured how automatic each action felt over time and found that habits needed ___________. Yet the actual time varied widely, ranging from about eighteen days for simple habits to over two hundred days for difficult ones. This wide range explains why the popular twenty-one-day claim, though easy to remember, rarely matches real experience.

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment known as green jobs has expanded rapidly. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs is not always simple, since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed to help such workers shift smoothly into renewable energy careers. As climate goals become more urgent worldwide, ___________.

Setting a goal such as 'I will study harder' rarely leads to meaningful improvement. According to psychologists Edwin Locke and Gary Latham, specific and challenging goals produce far better performance than vague or easy ones. This idea, known as goal-setting theory, suggests that ___________. To apply this theory effectively, many educators recommend the SMART framework, which requires goals to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.

Habit researchers often note that people overestimate the role of motivation in daily routines. (A) As a result, they frequently give up soon after starting, blaming themselves for lacking discipline. (B) In contrast, Fogg's framework suggests that shrinking the task itself is more effective than boosting motivation. (C) Because motivation naturally rises and falls, relying on it alone often leads to inconsistent effort.

The concept of energy management has gained popularity among workplace researchers who study how people sustain productivity throughout the day. (A) For this reason, experts recommend that people identify the hours when they naturally feel most alert and schedule their most demanding tasks during those windows. (B) Unlike time, which passes at the same rate for everyone, personal energy fluctuates throughout the day depending on factors such as sleep and nutrition. (C) Simple or repetitive tasks, on the other hand, can be handled during low-energy periods without much loss in quality.

주어진 문장: This gap between image and reality is precisely what makes the practice so misleading. Many companies now advertise themselves as environmentally responsible, yet a growing number of these claims turn out to be misleading. ( ① ) This practice, known as greenwashing, occurs when a business spends more effort marketing its products as eco-friendly than actually reducing environmental harm. ( ② ) A company might launch a recycled-packaging line while continuing to pollute rivers through its main factories, creating a false impression of genuine change. ( ③ ) Such tactics deceive well-intentioned consumers who wish to shop responsibly but lack the tools to verify corporate claims. ( ④ ) In contrast, truly sustainable businesses publish detailed, independently verified data about their emissions and supply chains, allowing outsiders to check their progress. ( ⑤ ) Therefore, shoppers should look beyond vague labels like green or natural and instead search for recognized certifications, transparent reports, and measurable targets. Without such scrutiny, greenwashing will keep flourishing, undermining public trust and slowing the broader shift toward an economy that truly protects the planet.

주어진 문장: Some researchers even suggest that painting rooftops white could further help reflect sunlight away from buildings. On a summer evening, downtown streets often feel noticeably hotter than nearby parks or suburban neighborhoods, even after the sun has set. ( ① ) This phenomenon, known as the urban heat island effect, occurs when cities retain more heat than surrounding rural areas because of their dense concentration of asphalt, concrete, and buildings. ( ② ) Unlike soil or vegetation, which absorb and release heat gradually, these man-made surfaces absorb sunlight during the day and slowly radiate it back at night, preventing temperatures from cooling. ( ③ ) Tall buildings packed closely together also block wind, trapping warm air within narrow streets. ( ④ ) In contrast, areas with abundant trees and open water naturally stay cooler, since plants release moisture that helps lower surrounding temperatures. To reduce this effect, many cities have begun installing rooftop gardens and expanding public parks, hoping that additional greenery will absorb less heat than pavement does. ( ⑤ )

주어진 문장: Every rainy season, the water rose a little higher, leaving the villagers increasingly anxious about their future. Mira had lived in a coastal village since birth, watching the tide creep closer to her family's doorstep every year. ( ① ) When the sea finally swallowed the rice paddies that had fed her village for generations, her parents decided that staying was no longer possible. ( ② ) Together with many neighbors, they packed what little they could carry and moved inland, becoming what experts now call climate migrants, people forced to abandon their homes because of rising seas, droughts, or other disasters. ( ③ ) This term, rarely used a decade ago, has become increasingly common as extreme weather displaces communities worldwide. ( ④ ) Mira missed her old house terribly, yet she slowly began to build a new life in the crowded city, learning to adapt just as her ancestors once had. ( ⑤ ) International organizations, however, still struggle to agree on how to protect people like her, since climate migrants are not officially recognized as refugees under current law.