영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

The gig economy, in which people take on short-term or freelance jobs, ①has grown rapidly over the past decade. Digital platforms now connect customers directly with drivers, designers, and writers, ②allowing workers to choose when and how much they work. Businesses, meanwhile, can hire help only when they ③actually need it. For many young people entering the job market, gig work provides valuable flexibility ④that traditional employment rarely allows. However, gig workers often lack benefits such as health insurance, which full-time employees typical ⑤receive.

The metaverse, a network of interconnected virtual worlds, has begun ①generate job opportunities that did not exist just a few years ago. Companies now hire virtual world designers who build digital environments ②where users can socialize, shop, or attend events. Avatar designers create digital identities ③that represent users within these spaces, blending artistic skill with technical programming knowledge. Some analysts remain skeptical, ④pointing out that the metaverse has not yet attracted the massive user base that early predictions promised. Nevertheless, major companies continue ⑤investing heavily in this technology.

Three-dimensional printing technology is changing how products are designed and manufactured across many industries. Unlike traditional manufacturing, which often requires expensive molds and long production times, 3D printers can create ①simple objects directly from digital files within hours. This flexibility allows companies to produce small batches of customized products without the massive costs typically associated with mass production. Hospitals now use 3D printing to create prosthetic limbs tailored ②precisely to individual patients, while automakers use it to build lightweight parts that ③reduce vehicle weight. Small businesses, too, have benefited enormously, since the technology ④lowers the barrier to entry for entrepreneurs. However, experts caution that 3D printing still struggles to ⑤match the speed of mass production for extremely large orders.

When Mina graduated from college five years ago, she had never even heard the term "data scientist." After graduation, she ①struggled to find a job that matched her interests, since most companies did not fully understand what her skills were worth. Everything changed when a small tech startup hired her to ②analyze massive amounts of data. Mina quickly discovered that she loved turning raw numbers into insights that helped real people make ③worse decisions. Within two years, demand for professionals like her had ④exploded, as companies in every industry realized how valuable data could be. Today, Mina ⑤leads a team of ten analysts, mentoring young graduates.

When people consistently sleep too little, the body's hormonal balance shifts in ways that can quietly encourage weight gain. Two hormones in particular play opposing roles in regulating appetite: leptin signals fullness to the brain, while ghrelin stimulates the sensation of hunger. Studies show that sleep deprivation lowers leptin levels while raising ghrelin levels, so _______________, even after a normal-sized meal. At the same time, insufficient sleep interferes with how efficiently the body processes glucose, making cells less responsive to insulin and leaving more sugar circulating in the bloodstream than usual. Over months or years, this combination of increased appetite and reduced insulin sensitivity can contribute to steady weight gain and raise the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Because these effects build up so gradually, many people never connect their shifting eating habits or worsening blood sugar to something as ordinary as a few lost hours of sleep each night.

A documentary director named Mira first traveled to a remote Arctic glacier to film its towering cliffs of blue ice, which seemed frozen in time. Standing before the massive wall, she assumed such an enormous structure could hardly change within a lifetime. Five years later, however, she returned to the very same coordinates, expecting her camera to capture an identical scene. Instead, she discovered that the glacier had retreated so dramatically that the ice cliffs, once visible from her original position, had nearly disappeared, leaving bare rock and pools of meltwater behind. Comparing the two sets of footage side by side, Mira realized that _______________. This encounter convinced her that climate change, which she had previously regarded as a distant statistic, was in fact an urgent process reshaping landscapes before her eyes.

Sales events are far more psychologically calculated than they first appear. (A) A crossed-out original price, for instance, makes the discounted price seem like an exceptional deal, regardless of whether it truly is one. (B) Retailers rely on specific visual and verbal cues to make shoppers feel they are getting exceptional value. (C) Combined with phrases suggesting limited availability, these cues push customers toward faster, less deliberate purchasing decisions.

Climate change deniers often seem to ignore evidence that contradicts their views, and psychologists have a specific explanation for this behavior. (A) For example, someone whose job depends on fossil fuels may search for reasons to doubt the data, even while insisting that they respect science. (B) This concept, called motivated reasoning, describes how people process information in ways that protect their existing beliefs and lifestyles rather than pursue objective truth. (C) Rather than being a simple failure of intelligence, this pattern reflects a well-documented psychological tendency studied for decades.

Many countries and companies today have adopted the goal of carbon neutrality, aiming to balance the greenhouse gases they emit with the amount they remove from the atmosphere. (A) Achieving this goal typically requires several sequential stages rather than a single sudden action; first, organizations attempt to reduce emissions directly by replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power. (B) Critics argue, however, that some companies exploit offsetting too early, using it to avoid making genuine reductions, so experts insist that a credible roadmap must always prioritize actual emission cuts before relying on compensation. (C) Next, they improve efficiency throughout their operations, minimizing the energy wasted during production and transportation, and only after these measures have been maximized do most organizations turn to offsetting, funding outside projects such as reforestation.

주어진 문장: At first, this seemed like a small, sentimental gesture with little business value. Years ago, a small shoe company struggled to compete with larger, well-funded rivals in the market. ( ① ) Its products were solid, but customers rarely remembered the brand after a single purchase. One day, the founder decided to share the story behind the company: how her grandfather had once repaired shoes for factory workers who could not afford new pairs. She began printing this story on every shoebox and posting it across social media. ( ② ) Surprisingly, customers started responding not just to the shoes themselves but to the values the story represented. ( ③ ) Sales slowly increased as people felt they were supporting something meaningful rather than simply buying a product. ( ④ ) Other companies noticed this shift and began crafting their own narratives, hoping to create similar emotional connections. ( ⑤ ) Eventually, the founder realized that a compelling story, told honestly, could turn ordinary customers into loyal supporters.