영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Three-dimensional printing technology is changing how products are designed and manufactured across many industries. Unlike traditional manufacturing, ①which often requires expensive molds and long production times, 3D printers can create complex objects directly from digital files within hours. This flexibility allows companies ②to produce small batches of customized products without the massive costs typically associated with mass production. Hospitals now use 3D printing to create prosthetic limbs ③tailored precisely to individual patients, while automakers use it to build lightweight parts that reduce vehicle weight. Small businesses, too, have benefited enormously, since the technology ④lower the barrier to entry for entrepreneurs. As printing materials improve and machines become faster, the technology is expected ⑤to play an increasingly central role in future manufacturing.

The subscription economy refers to a business model ①in which consumers pay a recurring fee to access goods or services rather than owning them outright. One major reason for this growth is convenience, since subscribers no longer need ②to make repeated purchasing decisions once they sign up. Another reason is that companies benefit from predictable revenue, ③what allows them to plan production and marketing more efficiently than with one-time sales. For example, a monthly clothing subscription delivers new outfits automatically, ④saving customers the time and effort of shopping in stores. However, some critics argue that subscriptions encourage people ⑤to pay for services they barely use.

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment ①known as green jobs has expanded rapidly. These positions include solar panel installers, wind turbine technicians, and specialists who design energy-efficient buildings. Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy have seen employment in this sector ②grown far faster than in the economy overall. Young workers, in particular, are drawn to green careers because they ③offer a sense of purpose alongside financial stability. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs is not always simple, ④since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed ⑤to help such workers shift smoothly into renewable energy careers.

When Mina graduated from college five years ago, she had never even heard the term "data scientist." She had studied statistics simply because she ①enjoying solving puzzles with numbers. Everything changed when a small tech startup, ②which was building an app to predict traffic patterns, hired her to analyze massive amounts of data. Mina quickly discovered that she loved ③turning raw numbers into insights that helped real people make better decisions. Within two years, demand for professionals like her ④had exploded, as companies in every industry realized how valuable data could be. Today, Mina leads a team of ten analysts, ⑤mentoring young graduates who are drawn to a field that barely existed.

The gig economy has grown ①rapidly over the past decade, as digital platforms connect customers directly with independent workers. This model offers clear advantages: workers can choose when and how much they work, providing valuable ②rigidity that traditional employment rarely allows. However, gig workers often ③lack benefits such as health insurance and paid leave, which full-time employees typically receive. Because their income can ④fluctuate sharply from month to month, many gig workers struggle to plan their finances confidently. Governments therefore face growing pressure to ⑤protect independent workers through new policies.

Automation is transforming labor markets more ①quickly than economists predicted a decade ago. Factories once staffed by hundreds of workers now rely on robotic arms that assemble products with remarkable ②precision. This shift does not simply eliminate jobs; it also creates roles that never existed before, so technicians who maintain robotic equipment are now in high ③demand. Companies that invested early in automation often report steady increases in productivity, since machines handle repetitive tasks while employees focus on ④creative problem-solving. Without proper retraining support, the benefits of automation may not be shared fairly, ⑤narrowing inequality between skilled and unskilled labor.

Modern factories increasingly rely on collaborative robots, often called cobots, which are designed to work safely alongside human employees. In practice, cobots typically handle repetitive or physically demanding tasks, such as lifting heavy parts, while human workers focus on tasks that require judgment and fine motor skills. This division of labor ___________, since each side contributes what it does best. Manufacturers who have introduced cobots report fewer workplace injuries and higher worker satisfaction, largely because employees no longer perform exhausting repetitive motions all day.

As the metaverse develops, entirely new categories of professional work are emerging alongside it. (A) Virtual event planners, for instance, now organize concerts and conferences that take place entirely within digital platforms. (B) Some skepticism remains, since the technology has not yet attracted the enormous user base that early predictions promised. (C) Despite this uncertainty, major companies continue to invest heavily, betting that virtual spaces will eventually rival physical venues in importance.

The growing presence of AI in creative fields has sparked lively discussion among artists and critics alike. (A) In contrast, some artists worry that relying too heavily on such tools may weaken the value placed on original human creativity. (B) Many artists have embraced AI as a way to explore new styles quickly and overcome creative blocks. (C) Given these opposing views, most experts now agree that AI works best as a partner rather than a replacement for human creators.

주어진 문장: This flexibility, however, comes with a hidden cost that many workers overlook. Remote work has moved from a rare privilege to a common practice for millions of employees worldwide. ( ① ) Many companies that once required workers to commute daily now allow them to complete tasks from home. ( ② ) Supporters argue that remote work increases productivity, since employees avoid long commutes and distracting office environments. ( ③ ) It also allows companies to hire talented people regardless of where they live, widening the pool of candidates. ( ④ ) Critics, however, worry that remote work weakens teamwork and makes it harder for new employees to learn from experienced colleagues. ( ⑤ ) Without regular face-to-face interaction, some workers feel isolated and struggle to build strong professional relationships.