영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

When a customer opens a company's website at midnight with a billing question, an actual employee is unlikely ①to be available, which is exactly the gap that customer service chatbots were built ②to fill. These programs can instantly answer common questions, track packages, and process simple refunds without ③making anyone wait on hold. Yet the technology has clear boundaries. When a customer's problem is unusual, emotionally charged, or simply does not fit the chatbot's script, the automated replies can feel frustratingly circular, ④repeating the same suggestion no matter how the question is rephrased. Many companies have responded by designing chatbots to recognize their own limits, automatically ⑤transfer a frustrated customer to a human agent before the conversation turns into a source of complaint rather than a solution.

Telemedicine, which allows patients to consult doctors through video calls rather than in-person visits, ①have expanded rapidly since its early adoption. Supporters argue that this approach saves patients considerable time and ②makes healthcare accessible to people living in remote areas without nearby hospitals. It has also created new career opportunities, ③since healthcare providers now need staff skilled in digital communication. However, critics contend that virtual appointments cannot fully replace physical examinations, ④which remain essential for detecting certain conditions. Despite such concerns, most healthcare experts believe telemedicine will continue to grow, ⑤complementing rather than replacing traditional in-person care.

Instead of typing keywords into a search bar, a growing number of people now simply upload a photo and let an algorithm figure out what it contains. This process, known as reverse image search, compares the visual patterns in a picture against a massive database, identifying everything from a landmark in the background to the exact model of a pair of sneakers. Shoppers use it to find where an item seen on the street can be purchased, while students use it to ①identify plants, insects, or historical artworks in seconds. The system works by breaking an image down into countless small features, such as edges, colors, and shapes, then matching that pattern against millions of stored examples. It is ②flawless, however; a ③blurry photo, an unusual camera angle, or an object partly hidden behind another can easily ④confuse the algorithm, leading to search results that have ⑤nothing to do with the original picture at all.

Psychologist Leon Festinger introduced social comparison theory, which explains that people ①evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves with others. According to this theory, individuals engage in upward comparison when they measure themselves against someone who appears more ②successful, attractive, or accomplished. For instance, a teenager browsing vacation pictures posted by classmates may begin to feel that her own ordinary life is somehow ③inadequate. Unlike comparing oneself with someone in a similar position, which can sometimes ④boost confidence, upward comparison frequently triggers envy, dissatisfaction, and lower self-esteem. Researchers have found that frequent upward comparison online is linked to ⑤lower depression and anxiety.

Behavioral economists use the term temporal discounting to describe how people ①undervalue future rewards simply because those rewards are not immediate. This tendency explains why a student might choose to watch videos tonight rather than study for an exam that remains several weeks away, even though studying offers a ②smaller long-term benefit. A distant reward, no matter how valuable, feels psychologically smaller than a small reward available right now. This bias contributes to procrastination, since future consequences rarely feel ③urgent enough to motivate immediate action. To counter this tendency, students should ④convert distant goals into smaller, near-term milestones that feel more emotionally real. Setting weekly checkpoints rather than a final deadline can make future benefits feel ⑤closer and more concrete.

Feed an AI music program a mood, a tempo, and a rough genre, and within seconds it can generate a complete instrumental track, ready to be dropped under a video or used as background music for a small business. The software has studied thousands of existing songs, learning which chord progressions and rhythms tend to sound ①pleasant together, and it ②recombines these patterns into something new rather than copying any single source directly. For independent creators who cannot afford a composer or expensive licensing fees, this has been a genuine ③breakthrough. Professional musicians, however, remain divided. Some welcome the tool as a quick way to sketch ideas before refining them by hand, while others ④celebrate that a flood of AI-generated background music could quietly push human composers out of smaller, lower-budget projects. ⑤the very jobs many musicians once relied on to build a career.

A smart thermostat that learns a family's daily rhythm can lower the temperature automatically before everyone wakes up cold, while smart lights that follow a resident's schedule no longer need to be switched on and off by hand. Sensors collect data about temperature, motion, and light throughout the home, and an algorithm gradually learns which settings match each household's actual habits. Yet convenience comes with a trade-off that many households overlook: _______________.

The rapid rise of the gig economy has led researchers to examine both its opportunities and its risks. (A) In addition, because their income depends heavily on the number of tasks completed, many gig workers find it difficult to save money consistently. (B) On the positive side, gig platforms allow workers to set their own schedules and take on projects that match their skills. (C) Yet this freedom comes at a price, since most gig workers are not entitled to employer-provided benefits like health insurance.

Adaptive learning apps promise something no traditional classroom can easily offer: a lesson plan that adjusts itself to each individual student in real time. (A) As a student answers practice questions, the app tracks which concepts are mastered and which remain shaky, then quietly reshuffles the next set of problems to target the weaker areas. (B) Early studies suggest that this personalized pacing can help struggling students catch up faster than a one-size-fits-all worksheet ever could. (C) However, critics caution that an app cannot replace the encouragement, humor, and flexibility a human teacher brings to a lesson.

주어진 문장: Without independent verification, however, such labels can mean almost anything the company wants them to mean. Many companies today advertise their products as environmentally friendly, yet not all of these claims are accurate. ( ① ) This practice, known as greenwashing, involves exaggerating or fabricating a product's positive impact on the environment. ( ② ) Some brands print vague terms such as "natural" or "eco-conscious" on packaging without providing any evidence to support these labels. ( ③ ) Consumers, who are increasingly concerned about climate change, often trust such claims without questioning them closely. ( ④ ) As a result, they may pay higher prices for products that are no more sustainable than ordinary alternatives. ( ⑤ ) Therefore, governments should establish clear standards that require companies to prove their environmental claims with verifiable data.