영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Climate scientists frequently warn about tipping points, thresholds beyond which a small additional change ①triggers a large, often irreversible shift in the climate system. Unlike gradual warming, which unfolds steadily over decades, crossing a tipping point can produce dramatic consequences within a short period. For instance, as Arctic ice melts, it exposes darker ocean water that ②absorb more sunlight than reflective ice, accelerating further melting in a self-reinforcing cycle. Similarly, scientists worry that a major ocean current, which currently ③redistributes heat across the planet, could slow dramatically if enough freshwater from melting glaciers dilutes the surrounding seawater. Once such thresholds are crossed, ④restoring the original balance may become nearly impossible, even if emissions are later reduced. Therefore, researchers argue that preventing these transitions ⑤matters more than merely slowing average temperature increases.

Time blocking is a time-management technique in which a person ①divides the day into fixed blocks. Each block is then assigned to a single task. Instead of relying on a loose to-do list, the person decides exactly when each task ②will starting and end. This approach lowers the mental effort of deciding what to do next, since the schedule already provides the answer. It also limits multitasking, because each block ③is reserved for only one activity at a time. For instance, a student may block ninety minutes for math practice, ④leaving no room for messages or web browsing. Because each block has a clear boundary, unfinished work is ⑤less likely to quietly spread into the next task.

A growing number of health apps now track steps, sleep, and heart rate throughout the day, quietly building a detailed picture of a user's physical condition without requiring a single visit to a doctor's office. By comparing this stream of data against patterns drawn from millions of other users, the app's algorithm can ①flag early warning signs, such as an irregular heartbeat, long before the person experiencing it would have noticed anything unusual on their own. For people living far from specialists or unable to afford frequent checkups, this kind of constant monitoring can feel like a genuine ②safety net. Doctors caution, however, that these apps are designed to ③diagnose illness, not merely to detect patterns, and that a worried user should always confirm any alarming reading with a professional rather than trusting an app's suggestion alone. Treating a wellness app as a ④substitute for medical expertise, they warn, can be just as risky as ⑤ignoring a warning altogether.

Only a decade ago, translation apps produced sentences so ①awkward that users often laughed at the results rather than trusting them. Today, many of these apps rely on neural networks that analyze entire sentences at once, capturing context instead of translating word by word. This shift has made everyday tasks such as reading a foreign menu or chatting with an overseas friend remarkably ②chaotic. Frequent travelers now point their phone cameras at street signs and receive an ③instant translation overlaid on the screen. Even so, the technology still struggles with humor, sarcasm, and cultural nuance, areas where a single wrong word can ④completely change the intended meaning. For this reason, professional translators argue that these apps are best treated as a helpful ⑤starting point rather than a final, polished result.

Behavioral economists use the term status quo bias to describe a tendency to prefer the present situation over a new alternative, even when the alternative would bring greater benefits. This bias helps explain why many households hesitate to switch to renewable energy, such as installing solar panels on their roofs. Although solar panels can lower electricity bills over time, homeowners often stick with their current power source because it feels safe and requires no immediate effort. In contrast, switching demands research, upfront cost, and trust in unfamiliar technology, all of which can seem risky compared with doing nothing. For example, a neighborhood association might repeatedly postpone a vote on shared solar panels, not because the plan is flawed, but because members are reluctant to leave their routine. Therefore, boosting renewable adoption may depend less on proving its advantages and more on _______________.

The growing sophistication of cyberattacks has transformed cybersecurity into one of the most in-demand career fields. (A) Universities have responded to this trend by launching specialized degree programs focused entirely on cybersecurity. (B) As a result, businesses across nearly every industry now compete to hire qualified security professionals. (C) Hackers today target organizations of every size, from small retailers to major financial institutions.

Consumers today are bombarded with eco-friendly slogans on almost every product they buy. (A) Behind many of these slogans, however, lies a deceptive practice called greenwashing, in which companies exaggerate their environmental efforts without making real changes. (B) Consumers can avoid being fooled by such tactics by checking for recognized certifications and transparent, independently verified reports rather than trusting catchy labels alone. (C) For instance, a firm may highlight one eco-friendly product line while its factories continue to pollute rivers and emit large amounts of carbon.

The two-minute rule offers a simple but powerful strategy for anyone who struggles to begin a new habit. (A) Once the habit of showing up regularly is established, the duration or intensity of the activity can gradually increase without much resistance. (B) The idea behind this rule is that most people quit a new habit not because the activity itself is difficult, but because starting feels intimidating. (C) By reducing a habit to something as simple as reading one page or doing one push-up, the initial hesitation to begin nearly disappears.

주어진 문장: This term captured exactly what had happened in her own chat room months earlier. Soyeon joined an online study group chat where dozens of students planned a class project together every evening. ( ① ) When one member suggested skipping a required survey step to save time, several others quickly agreed, and no one raised any objections. ( ② ) Soyeon privately worried that skipping the survey might weaken their project, but seeing everyone else nodding along, she stayed silent rather than risk sounding difficult. ( ③ ) The group proceeded confidently, convinced their shortcut was harmless, until their teacher pointed out serious gaps once the project was submitted. ( ④ ) Afterward, Soyeon learned about groupthink, a concept introduced by psychologist Irving Janis, describing how tightly connected groups often suppress doubts in order to maintain harmony and reach quick agreement. ( ⑤ ) She realized that the chat's friendly, unified atmosphere had actually discouraged critical thinking, making poor decisions feel completely normal at the time.

주어진 문장: Back then, few people could have predicted that such a job would even exist. When Mina graduated from college five years ago, she had never even heard the term "data scientist." ( ① ) She had studied statistics simply because she enjoyed solving puzzles with numbers. ( ② ) Everything changed when a small tech startup, which was building an app to predict traffic patterns, hired her to analyze massive amounts of data. ( ③ ) Mina quickly discovered that she loved turning raw numbers into insights that helped real people make better decisions. ( ④ ) Within two years, demand for professionals like her had exploded, as companies in every industry realized how valuable data could be. ( ⑤ ) Today, Mina leads a team of ten analysts, mentoring young graduates.