영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Opening most camera apps today reveals a row of filters that can smooth skin, brighten eyes, and reshape a jawline before a photo is even taken, all powered by AI models ① trained to recognize facial features in real time. What began as a playful novelty has become a default setting for many users, subtly ② adjusting nearly every selfie posted online. Psychologists have grown concerned about a specific consequence of this shift: people increasingly compare their unfiltered reflection in a mirror to a filtered version of themselves ③ seeing constantly on a screen, a comparison that earlier generations never had to face. Some social media platforms have responded by ④ labeling heavily edited photos or banning certain filters that alter body shape. Whether such small warnings can meaningfully counter the daily flood of filtered images, however, ⑤ remains an open question that researchers are only beginning to study.

As technology continues to reshape nearly every profession, the idea of finishing education after graduation ①has become outdated. Workers who once expected their initial training to last an entire career now find that skills can become obsolete within just a few years. Many professionals now take short online courses, attend workshops, or ②earn new certifications while continuing to work full-time. Companies that support this kind of continuous education often benefit as well, since employees ③bring fresh knowledge back into their daily tasks. Critics argue that constant learning can be exhausting and ④difficultly to balance with personal responsibilities. Nevertheless, most career experts insist that those who resist ongoing education risk ⑤falling behind their peers.

For decades, productivity advice has focused almost entirely on managing time efficiently, yet many experts now argue this approach ①emphasizes something important. Unlike time, which flows at a ②constant rate, human energy naturally rises and falls in cycles shaped by sleep, food, and mental fatigue. A person who tackles difficult tasks during a low-energy period, for instance, may need two hours to finish what takes thirty minutes at ③peak energy. Similarly, someone who forces themselves to keep working without rest often produces careless mistakes that require additional time to ④correct later. Advocates of energy management recommend identifying one's peak hours and reserving them for demanding work, while saving low-energy periods for ⑤routine tasks.

Climate scientists frequently warn about tipping points, thresholds beyond which a small additional change triggers a large, often irreversible shift in the climate system. Unlike ①gradual warming, which unfolds steadily over decades, crossing a tipping point can produce ②dramatic consequences within a short period. For instance, as Arctic ice melts, it exposes darker ocean water that absorbs more sunlight than reflective ice, accelerating further melting in a self-⑤reinforcing cycle. Similarly, scientists worry that a major ocean current, which currently redistributes heat across the planet, could slow dramatically if enough freshwater from melting glaciers dilutes the surrounding seawater. Once such thresholds are crossed, restoring the original balance may become nearly ③possible, even if emissions are later reduced. Therefore, researchers argue that preventing these transitions matters more than merely slowing average temperature increases. Identifying how close each system stands to its threshold remains one of the most ④urgent challenges in climate research.

On a summer evening, downtown streets often feel noticeably hotter than nearby parks or suburban neighborhoods, even after the sun has set. This phenomenon, known as the urban heat island effect, occurs when _______________. Unlike soil or vegetation, which absorb and release heat gradually, these man-made surfaces absorb sunlight during the day and slowly radiate it back at night, preventing temperatures from cooling. Tall buildings packed closely together also block wind, trapping warm air within narrow streets. In contrast, areas with abundant trees and open water naturally stay cooler, since plants release moisture that helps lower surrounding temperatures. To reduce this effect, many cities have begun installing rooftop gardens and expanding public parks, hoping that additional greenery will absorb less heat than pavement does.

Many companies now advertise themselves as environmentally responsible, yet a growing number of these claims turn out to be misleading. This practice, known as greenwashing, _______________. A company might launch a recycled-packaging line while continuing to pollute rivers through its main factories, creating a false impression of genuine change. Such tactics deceive well-intentioned consumers who wish to shop responsibly but lack the tools to verify corporate claims. In contrast, truly sustainable businesses publish detailed, independently verified data about their emissions and supply chains, allowing outsiders to check their progress. Therefore, shoppers should look beyond vague labels like green or natural and instead search for recognized certifications, transparent reports, and measurable targets. Without such scrutiny, greenwashing will keep flourishing, undermining public trust and slowing the broader shift toward an economy that truly protects the planet.

For decades, athletes were taught to stretch a muscle and hold the position before any competition, believing that this practice alone would prevent injury. (A) Recent research, however, has complicated that assumption, since static stretching can actually reduce a muscle's ability to generate explosive force immediately afterward. (B) Dynamic stretching, by contrast, involves controlled, repeated movement through a joint's full range of motion and appears to prepare muscles for activity without this weakening effect. (C) As a result, many coaches now recommend saving static stretching for after a workout while reserving dynamic movements for the warm-up period before intense effort begins.

주어진 문장: Because the timer makes each interval visible and concrete, students often feel a stronger sense of urgency during each session. Among strategies for improving concentration, the Pomodoro Technique remains one of the most widely recommended methods for students and workers. ( ① ) This technique involves working with full attention for twenty-five minutes, then taking a short five-minute break before starting the next session. ( ② ) After completing four of these cycles, a longer break of fifteen to thirty minutes is usually taken to allow mental recovery. ( ③ ) The method assumes that sustained focus becomes harder to maintain as time passes, so frequent short breaks prevent mental fatigue from building up. ( ④ ) Students preparing for exams report finishing reading assignments faster when they follow this structured rhythm instead of studying without interruption. Office workers find that dividing large projects into short, timed intervals makes overwhelming tasks feel more manageable. ( ⑤ ) Because each interval has a clear start and end, procrastination becomes less tempting, since beginning a single twenty-five-minute session requires less commitment than beginning an entire project.

주어진 문장: This small change in placement, researchers found, was enough to shift eating habits without anyone noticing. Imagine a cafeteria where a healthy salad sits at eye level while fried snacks rest on a low shelf. ( ① ) Nobody is forbidden from choosing the snacks, yet most people quietly pick the salad instead. ( ② ) This simple technique illustrates a nudge, a concept from behavioral economics that gently guides people toward better choices without restricting their freedom. ( ③ ) Companies and governments increasingly apply nudges to encourage sustainable consumption. ( ④ ) For example, some hotels print reminders on towels stating that most guests reuse them, which persuades new guests to do the same and save water. Similarly, energy bills that compare a household's usage with that of efficient neighbors often lead people to reduce electricity use. ( ⑤ ) Unlike strict regulations or heavy taxes, nudges rely on subtle changes in design rather than force. Critics argue nudges alone cannot solve large environmental problems, but combined with stronger policies, they can meaningfully shift everyday habits toward sustainability.

주어진 문장: This pattern echoes what happened during previous waves of industrial automation. Self-driving technology is advancing rapidly, and its impact on the transportation industry is becoming increasingly visible. ( ① ) Companies are testing autonomous trucks that can travel long distances without human drivers, potentially transforming how goods move across countries. ( ② ) At the same time, millions of professional drivers worry about losing their jobs as automation spreads through the industry. ( ③ ) Experts predict that certain driving jobs, particularly long-distance trucking, may shrink significantly within the next two decades. However, new roles are also emerging, including remote vehicle operators and technicians who maintain the complex sensors these vehicles depend on. ( ④ ) Workers who adapt their skills toward supervising and maintaining these systems are likely to find new opportunities rather than face unemployment. ( ⑤ )