영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Self-driving technology is advancing rapidly, and its impact on the transportation industry ①is becoming increasingly visible. Companies are testing autonomous trucks ②that can travel long distances without human drivers, potentially transforming how goods move across countries. Millions of professional drivers worry about ③lose their jobs as automation spreads through the industry. Experts predict that certain driving jobs, particularly long-distance trucking, may ④shrink significantly within the next two decades. New roles are also emerging, including remote vehicle operators who monitor fleets of autonomous trucks and technicians ⑤who maintain the complex sensors these vehicles depend on.

Anyone who has ridden a bicycle after a decade away from one has likely experienced muscle memory firsthand: the body seems to ① recall a complex skill almost instantly, even when conscious memory of the exact movements has faded. Contrary to what the name suggests, muscles themselves do not actually store memories; the phenomenon originates in the brain and nervous system, where repeated practice gradually ② hides control of a well-learned movement from regions associated with conscious thought to areas that operate largely automatically. This shift explains why a skilled athlete can execute a complicated sequence of movements without consciously thinking through each individual step, ③ freeing mental attention for strategy and decision-making instead. Interestingly, research also suggests that these neural pathways can remain ④ partially intact even after long periods without practice, which is why relearning a skill is typically much faster than learning it for the very first time. Coaches often exploit this principle by ensuring that fundamental techniques are practiced correctly from the very ⑤ beginning.

When people consistently sleep too little, the body's hormonal balance shifts in ways that can ① quietly encourage weight gain. Two hormones in particular play ② opposing roles in regulating appetite: leptin signals fullness to the brain, while ghrelin stimulates the sensation of hunger. Studies show that sleep deprivation lowers leptin levels while raising ghrelin levels, so a tired body ends up feeling ③ fuller than it actually needs to be, even after a normal-sized meal. At the same time, insufficient sleep interferes with how efficiently the body processes glucose, making cells less ④ responsive to insulin and leaving more sugar circulating in the bloodstream than usual. Over months or years, this combination of increased appetite and reduced insulin sensitivity can contribute to steady weight gain and raise the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Because these effects build up so ⑤ gradually, many people never connect their shifting eating habits or worsening blood sugar to something as ordinary as a few lost hours of sleep each night.

During sleep, the brain does not simply rest; it actively reorganizes the day's experiences into lasting memories through a process called consolidation. Newly formed memories are initially fragile and stored primarily in a brain region called the hippocampus, which has limited long-term capacity. While a person sleeps, particularly during the deep stages of non-REM sleep, neural activity replays these fresh memory traces in rapid, compressed sequences, gradually transferring the information to the cortex for more durable, long-term storage. This replay strengthens the connections between neurons that encoded the original experience, making the memory more resistant to interference from unrelated events the following day. Sleep researchers have demonstrated this effect experimentally: participants who slept after learning a list of word pairs recalled more items the next day than participants who remained awake instead. Crucially, the benefit was not limited to simple recall; sleep also seemed to help participants extract general patterns from the material, suggesting that _______________.

As more businesses move their operations online, cyberattacks have become one of the most serious threats facing modern companies. In response, demand for cybersecurity professionals has surged across nearly every industry. Despite this expansion, experts estimate that ___________, largely because the number of qualified applicants has not kept pace with rapidly increasing demand. This shortage suggests that cybersecurity will remain a promising career path for years to come.

Telemedicine, which allows patients to consult doctors through video calls rather than in-person visits, has expanded rapidly since its early adoption. However, critics contend that virtual appointments cannot fully replace physical examinations, which remain essential for detecting certain conditions. Despite such concerns, most healthcare experts believe telemedicine will continue to grow, complementing rather than replacing traditional in-person care. As this shift continues, ___________.

Many students assume that old social media posts disappear once enough time has passed. (A) A few years later, however, a teacher reviewing her application happened to notice an old, unkind comment she had posted and forgotten. (B) Minji, for instance, once left a careless comment mocking a classmate, assuming no one would ever see it again. (C) This experience taught her that a digital footprint, the lasting trail left by online activity, can resurface at unexpected moments.

Minimalism has become an appealing lifestyle choice for many young adults today. (A) As they discard unnecessary belongings, many report feeling less stressed and more focused on what truly matters to them. (B) Rather than accumulating possessions, they choose to keep only items that serve a clear purpose. (C) This shift often begins with a single frustrating experience, such as moving to a new home with too many boxes.

Yet the number displayed each morning is only as good as the estimate behind it. Wearable devices that track sleep have become enormously popular, promising a detailed breakdown of light, deep, and REM sleep each night. ( ① ) These gadgets typically rely on movement sensors and heart rate monitors to estimate sleep stages, since directly measuring brain activity would require equipment found only in a sleep laboratory. ( ② ) This indirect approach, however, introduces significant uncertainty. ( ③ ) Independent studies comparing wearable data with polysomnography, the gold-standard method used in clinical sleep labs, have found that consumer devices are reasonably accurate at distinguishing sleep from wakefulness but considerably less reliable at identifying specific sleep stages. ( ④ ) Some trackers overestimate deep sleep, while others underestimate the amount of time spent in REM sleep, and the margin of error can vary widely between brands. ( ⑤ ) Despite these limitations, many users have come to treat the nightly score generated by their device as an objective medical verdict, sometimes experiencing anxiety when the number falls below what they expect, a phenomenon researchers have begun calling orthosomnia.

주어진 문장: Not everyone welcomes this shift, however, and some worry that it comes at a cost. As technology continues to reshape the job market, educators and employers increasingly agree on which skills will matter most in the coming decades. ( ① ) Technical literacy, including basic coding and data analysis, has become nearly as fundamental as reading and writing once were. ( ② ) Schools have begun redesigning curricula to emphasize problem-solving and adaptability, moving away from rote memorization toward project-based learning that mirrors real workplace challenges. ( ③ ) Most experts insist that a balanced combination of technical skill, adaptability, and communication will define successful careers ahead. ( ④ ) Communication skills matter as well, since many future jobs will require collaborating with both human colleagues and intelligent systems. ( ⑤ )