영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Have you ever noticed that an unfinished task ①keeps returning to your mind long after you stopped working? This phenomenon was first noticed by psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik, who saw ②that waiters remembered unpaid orders better than paid ones. Her observation led to what is now called the Zeigarnik effect: people remember incomplete tasks more vividly than ③completed ones. According to this theory, the mind maintains mental tension until a task reaches closure, ④keeping the unfinished task active in memory. Once the task is completed, the tension is released, and the mind ⑤let go of the details.

Among strategies for improving concentration, the Pomodoro Technique remains one of the most widely ①recommended methods for students and workers. This technique involves working with full attention for twenty-five minutes, then ②taking a short five-minute break before starting the next session. After completing four of these cycles, a longer break of fifteen to thirty minutes ③is usually taken to allow mental recovery. The method assumes that sustained focus becomes harder to maintain as time passes, so frequent short breaks prevent mental fatigue from ④build up. Students preparing for exams report finishing reading assignments faster when they follow this structured rhythm instead of studying without interruption. Office workers find that dividing large projects into short, timed intervals makes overwhelming tasks feel more manageable. Because each interval has a clear start and end, procrastination becomes less tempting, since beginning a single twenty-five-minute session requires less commitment ⑤than beginning an entire project.

Choice architecture refers to how decisions are designed. It determines which option is automatically selected unless a person ①actively chooses otherwise, known as the default option. Research consistently shows that people tend to stick with whatever is already set, even when changing it takes only seconds. Organ donation is a well-known example. Countries where citizens are automatically registered as donors unless they opt out show ②much higher donation rates than opt-in countries. Retirement savings programs show a similar pattern, since employees automatically enrolled in a pension plan ③rarely cancel it. Voluntary sign-ups, in contrast, often delay indefinitely. Critics argue that default options can be manipulated to benefit companies rather than individuals, so transparency about how defaults are chosen becomes ④unnecessary. Still, supporters insist that because some default must always exist, it should support people's own long-term interests rather than mere ⑤institutional convenience.

For most of last year, Junho refreshed his social media feed constantly, terrified of missing a party, a trending meme, or gossip among his friends. This restless anxiety, often called FOMO, or the fear of missing out, left him exhausted and strangely unsatisfied even after hours of scrolling. One weekend, his phone battery died during a hiking trip, and, to his surprise, he actually enjoyed the quiet afternoon without notifications interrupting his thoughts. Curious about this unexpected calm, Junho began deleting social apps for a few hours each day, gradually extending the breaks as weeks passed. Instead of dreading what he might be missing, he started noticing small pleasures, such as finishing a book or having an uninterrupted conversation with his family. This shift in attitude reflects ___________.

Many teenagers check their social media accounts dozens of times a day, worried that they might miss something important happening among their friends. This anxiety, known as FOMO, or the fear of missing out, arises when people believe that others are enjoying experiences from which they themselves are excluded. For example, a student scrolling through photos of a party she was not invited to may suddenly feel a wave of loneliness and regret, even though the event has already ended. Constantly refreshing feeds to avoid missing such updates, however, makes it difficult to concentrate on schoolwork or conversations happening in the present moment. Moreover, this endless comparison with curated highlights of other people's lives tends to deepen feelings of anxiety rather than relieve them. Therefore, students should learn to ___________.

Temporal discounting offers a useful lens for understanding why long-term goals so often lose out to short-term pleasures. (A) Consequently, replacing distant, abstract goals with smaller, immediate milestones can make future rewards feel psychologically closer and more motivating. (B) Research shows that people consistently prefer a smaller reward available today over a considerably larger reward promised weeks later. (C) This preference persists even when the delayed reward is clearly the more rational choice, revealing how strongly immediacy influences decision-making.

Critics counter that this framing can understate the risk, since even a first draft ultimately shapes everything that follows it. Rather than replacing human creativity outright, many artists, writers, and filmmakers have begun treating AI tools as an unusual kind of collaborator, one that generates dozens of rough options in the time it would take a person to sketch just one. ( ① ) A novelist might ask an AI model for ten possible opening lines and then discard nine, keeping only the phrase that sparks an idea worth developing further. ( ② ) A film composer might use an AI system to generate a rough melody, then rework it entirely by hand until it fits the emotional tone of a specific scene. ( ③ ) What makes this collaboration work, according to many creators, is that the human remains firmly in charge of judgment and taste. ( ④ ) The AI's output, in this view, is treated as raw material rather than a finished product. ( ⑤ )

주어진 문장: This constant tracking allows algorithms to build a detailed profile of each user's interests over time. Internet activist Eli Pariser introduced the term filter bubble to describe a phenomenon created by online algorithms. Social media platforms and search engines constantly track which links users click and how long they linger on certain posts. ( ① ) Based on this data, algorithms predict what each individual is most likely to enjoy and quietly prioritize similar content in future results. ( ② ) As a result, two people who type the same search query can receive strikingly different results, each tailored to personal history. ( ③ ) This automatic filtering happens silently, without users ever deciding to limit what they see. ( ④ ) Consequently, many people gradually lose access to viewpoints that challenge their existing beliefs, even though they never intended to avoid them. ( ⑤ ) Pariser warned that this invisible curation could weaken democratic debate by narrowing public discussion. Therefore, some experts argue that platforms should reveal how content is filtered, letting users knowingly escape their own bubbles.

주어진 문장: This constant awareness of human presence is what distinguishes cobots from older industrial machines. Modern factories increasingly rely on collaborative robots, often called cobots, which are designed to work safely alongside human employees. ( ① ) Unlike traditional industrial robots that operate behind safety cages, cobots use sensors to detect nearby workers and adjust their movements accordingly. ( ② ) This technology allows humans and machines to share the same workspace without the risk of dangerous accidents. ( ③ ) In practice, cobots typically handle repetitive or physically demanding tasks, while human workers focus on tasks that require judgment and fine motor skills. ( ④ ) This division of labor increases overall efficiency, since each side contributes what it does best. ( ⑤ ) Manufacturers who have introduced cobots report fewer workplace injuries and higher worker satisfaction.

주어진 문장: Once audiences discover that a recommendation was insincere, they rarely trust that influencer again. Influencer marketing has become one of the most powerful tools that companies use to reach young consumers. ( ① ) Unlike traditional advertisements, which often feel distant and impersonal, posts created by influencers seem more like advice from a trusted friend. ( ② ) This sense of closeness, built through years of sharing daily life online, makes followers more willing to trust product recommendations than ordinary commercials. ( ③ ) However, this trust can be exploited when influencers promote products they have never actually tried. ( ④ ) As a result, several countries now require influencers to clearly disclose paid partnerships before posting sponsored content. ( ⑤ ) In the end, influencer marketing works best when it stays grounded in authenticity rather than mere popularity.