영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Jiho had always assumed he would join a large corporation after graduation, just as his parents expected. During his final year of university, however, he joined a small student team building an app that connected local farmers directly with restaurants. What started as a class project gradually turned into something more ①serious, as several restaurants began placing regular orders through their prototype. Jiho and his teammates decided to ②abandon their idea and instead spend a year developing it further, despite warnings from relatives who considered the plan too risky. They worked from a cramped apartment, surviving on ③limited savings while learning skills ranging from coding to negotiating with suppliers. After nearly failing twice, the team secured a small investment that allowed them to hire their first ④employee. Looking back, Jiho believes that the uncertainty of startup life taught him far more about problem-solving than any traditional job could have ⑤offered.

Automation is transforming labor markets more ①quickly than economists predicted a decade ago. Factories once staffed by hundreds of workers now rely on robotic arms that assemble products with remarkable ②precision. This shift does not simply eliminate jobs; it also creates roles that never existed before, so technicians who maintain robotic equipment are now in high ③demand. Companies that invested early in automation often report steady increases in productivity, since machines handle repetitive tasks while employees focus on ④creative problem-solving. Without proper retraining support, the benefits of automation may not be shared fairly, ⑤narrowing inequality between skilled and unskilled labor.

As millions of people now earn income through delivery apps and ride-hailing platforms, questions about their legal status have become increasingly ①urgent. Most platform workers are classified as independent contractors rather than employees, which means they lack access to minimum wage guarantees, paid sick leave, and unemployment insurance. Companies ②oppose this arrangement because it allows them to avoid the costs associated with hiring full employees. Worker advocates argue that many platform workers ③depend on these jobs as their primary source of income, much like traditional employees do. Several countries have recently begun ④reconsidering their labor laws, proposing new categories that would grant platform workers some employee-like protections. Supporters of these reforms believe fair treatment and flexibility can ⑤coexist within the same system.

When Daniel was a child, he dreamed of becoming an astronaut, yet he assumed such careers belonged only to a handful of government scientists. During an internship, he helped design a small satellite intended to monitor crop health from orbit, a project that combined engineering with agricultural science. He realized that ___________. After graduation, Daniel joined a startup developing lunar landing equipment, a job that barely existed when he first imagined his future career.

Have you ever felt a boring class lasted forever while an exciting weekend disappeared in an instant? This common experience reflects what psychologists call the distortion of time perception: ___________. Researchers explain that people who focus intensely on an enjoyable activity process fewer separate moments, so time seems to pass quickly. In contrast, bored or anxious people pay closer attention to each moment, making time feel as though it is dragging.

Parents and coaches sometimes worry that heavy resistance training might damage the growth plates in a young athlete's bones, cartilage regions near the ends of long bones responsible for lengthening as a child develops. (A) This concern kept strength training out of many youth programs for decades. (B) However, extensive research over the past twenty years has found little evidence that properly supervised resistance training harms growth plates in healthy children. (C) The actual risk, researchers now believe, arises not from lifting weights itself but from poor technique, excessive load, and inadequate supervision.

주어진 문장: The financial and reputational damage caused by a single attack can be enormous. As more businesses move their operations online, cyberattacks have become one of the most serious threats facing modern companies. ( ① ) Hackers now target everything from small retail websites to massive financial institutions, stealing sensitive data or demanding ransom payments. ( ② ) In response, demand for cybersecurity professionals has surged across nearly every industry. ( ③ ) These specialists design systems that detect suspicious activity, patch vulnerabilities before criminals can exploit them, and train employees to recognize phishing attempts. ( ④ ) Universities have responded by creating specialized degree programs, while many companies now offer scholarships to attract students into this growing field. ( ⑤ ) Despite this expansion, experts estimate that millions of cybersecurity positions worldwide remain unfilled.

주어진 문장: Unlike traditional employees, these workers are typically classified as independent contractors. The gig economy, in which people take on short-term or freelance jobs instead of full-time positions, has grown rapidly over the past decade. Digital platforms now connect customers directly with drivers, designers, writers, and countless other independent workers within minutes. ( ① ) This model offers clear advantages: workers can choose when and how much they work, and businesses can hire help only when they actually need it. ( ② ) For many young people entering the job market, gig work provides valuable flexibility that traditional employment rarely allows. ( ③ ) However, gig workers often lack benefits such as health insurance, paid leave, and retirement savings, which full-time employees typically receive. ( ④ ) Because their income can fluctuate sharply from month to month, many gig workers struggle to plan their finances confidently. ( ⑤ ) As this sector continues to expand, governments face growing pressure to design policies that protect independent workers.

주어진 문장: She was surprised at how little willpower this required once the routine became familiar. Minji had tried for years to build a bedtime reading habit but always forgot once under the blanket. ( ① ) During summer, she found a method called habit stacking. It means attaching a new habit to an existing one so it acts as a reminder. ( ② ) Her existing habit was brushing her teeth every night, so she decided to place her book beside her toothbrush. ( ③ ) After brushing her teeth, she would pick up the book, letting one action trigger the next. ( ④ ) Within two weeks, opening the book after brushing felt almost automatic, requiring no conscious effort. ( ⑤ ) Encouraged by this success, Minji stacked another habit onto her morning routine, reviewing vocabulary words after making her bed.

주어진 문장: Even small purchasing decisions, they argue, can accumulate into meaningful pressure on how companies operate. Value-based consumption refers to the practice of spending money on products or experiences that align with a person's personal beliefs, even if cheaper alternatives exist. ( ① ) Rather than simply seeking the lowest price, value-conscious consumers consider factors such as labor conditions, environmental impact, and community benefit before making a purchase. ( ② ) Some critics dismiss this approach as impractical, arguing that most people cannot afford to prioritize ethics over affordability in daily life. ( ③ ) However, supporters point out that value-based spending does not require constant sacrifice; it often means buying fewer, higher-quality items rather than accumulating cheap goods that wear out quickly. ( ④ ) This shift also encourages companies to improve their practices, since consumer demand increasingly rewards transparency and responsibility. ( ⑤ ) For example, a clothing brand that openly shares its supply chain information may attract loyal customers willing to pay slightly more.