영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Internet activist Eli Pariser introduced the term filter bubble to describe a phenomenon ①created by online algorithms. Social media platforms and search engines constantly track which links users click and how long they linger on certain posts. Based on this data, algorithms predict what each individual is most likely ②to enjoy and quietly prioritize similar content in future results. As a result, two people who type the same search query can receive strikingly different results, each ③tailoring to personal history. This automatic filtering happens silently, without users ever ④deciding to limit what they see. Consequently, many people gradually lose access to viewpoints ⑤that challenge their existing beliefs, even though they never intended to avoid them.

The planning fallacy describes the tendency to ①systematically underestimate how long a task will take, even when experience suggests otherwise. Psychologists ②who studied this bias found that people focus mainly on an idealized, best-case version of a project. They focus less on how similar projects actually unfolded before. A student who insists an essay takes two hours, despite ③needing five hours for every previous essay, shows a clear instance of the fallacy. Large construction projects offer another example. Officials frequently predict completion dates that later ④proves far too optimistic once delays appear. Some researchers recommend a technique called reference class forecasting, ⑤comparing a new task to similar completed tasks.

Behavioral economists use the term temporal discounting to describe how people ①undervaluing future rewards simply because those rewards are not immediate. This tendency explains why a student might choose to watch videos tonight rather than study for an exam that remains several weeks away, even though studying ②offers a far greater long-term benefit. A distant reward, no matter how valuable, feels psychologically smaller than a small reward ③available right now. This bias contributes to procrastination, since future consequences rarely feel urgent enough ④to motivate immediate action. To counter this tendency, students should convert distant goals into smaller, near-term milestones that feel more emotionally real. Setting weekly checkpoints rather than a final deadline can make future benefits feel closer and more concrete. Teachers and parents should provide immediate, meaningful feedback, since prompt recognition helps bridge the gap between present effort and delayed reward, ultimately ⑤reducing the urge to postpone tasks.

Last January, Minji wrote the same resolution she always wrote: study English for an hour every day. By February, she had already quit, just as in previous years. ①Frustrated, she asked her teacher why her willpower always failed, and learned about a concept called implementation intentions. This idea, developed by psychologists, means forming a ②specific if-then plan that links a certain situation to a certain action in advance. She also prepared a ③backup plan: if she felt too tired, then she would study for just ten minutes instead of skipping entirely. Because these plans ④removed the need to decide anything in the moment, starting became far easier for Minji. By December, she had studied for eleven straight months, proving that clear if-then plans ⑤complicated vague intentions.

Time blocking is a time-management technique in which a person divides the day into fixed blocks. Each block is then assigned to a single task. Instead of relying on a loose to-do list, the person decides exactly when each task will start and end. This approach ①lowers the mental effort of deciding what to do next, since the schedule already provides the answer. It also ②limits multitasking, because each block is reserved for only one activity at a time. For instance, a student may block ninety minutes for math practice, leaving no room for messages or web browsing. Because each block has a ③vague boundary, unfinished work is ④less likely to quietly spread into the next task. Many people who adopt time blocking feel ⑤more organized throughout the day.

As more businesses move their operations online, cyberattacks have become one of the most ①serious threats facing modern companies. In response, demand for cybersecurity professionals has ②decreased across nearly every industry. These specialists design systems that detect suspicious activity, patch vulnerabilities before criminals can exploit them, and train employees to recognize phishing attempts. Unlike many technical fields, cybersecurity requires constant learning, since hackers continually develop new methods to ③bypass existing defenses. Despite this expansion, experts estimate that millions of cybersecurity positions worldwide remain ④unfilled, largely because the number of qualified applicants has not kept pace with rapidly increasing demand. This shortage suggests that cybersecurity will remain a ⑤promising career path for years to come.

Planning a multi-city trip once meant hours spent comparing flight schedules, reading hotel reviews, and mapping out which sights were close enough to visit in a single day. (A) Many travelers appreciate having a solid starting point rather than a blank page. (B) Still, seasoned travelers warn that these itineraries can feel oddly generic, often steering users toward the same popular landmarks that every other AI-generated plan recommends. (C) AI travel planners now compress much of that work into a short conversation, generating a full day-by-day itinerary within minutes based on enormous amounts of data.

Jiho's path into entrepreneurship began almost by accident, far from the corporate career his parents had imagined for him. (A) Despite warnings from relatives who considered the plan too risky, Jiho and his teammates decided to delay job applications and pursue the idea further. (B) A class project he joined during his final year gradually evolved into something more serious, as restaurants began placing regular orders through their prototype. (C) That decision eventually paid off, as the team secured a small investment after nearly failing twice.

주어진 문장: The sudden attention was overwhelming, but it also opened doors she had never imagined. Soojin started posting short cooking videos on her phone during her last year of high school, never imagining it could become a career. ( ① ) At first, only a handful of friends watched her clips, and she nearly quit after several months without noticeable growth. ( ② ) She kept experimenting, however, adjusting her editing style and posting more consistently despite the discouraging numbers. Everything changed when one video demonstrating a simple recipe unexpectedly reached millions of viewers overnight. ( ③ ) Brands began contacting her, offering payment in exchange for featuring their products in future videos. ( ④ ) Within a year, Soojin was earning more from her online content than most entry-level jobs would have paid her. ( ⑤ ) Still, she quickly learned that being a creator demanded constant work, since algorithms rewarded frequent uploads and audiences expected fresh content daily.

주어진 문장: Because the videos looked completely unscripted, audiences trusted them in a way that polished commercials rarely achieve. When a beverage company launched a new flavor last summer, the marketing team faced a tight budget and needed a creative solution. ( ① ) Instead of relying on expensive television commercials, they designed a simple dance challenge and invited a handful of everyday users to post videos using the product. ( ② ) Within days, thousands of people began recreating the dance and tagging the brand, turning an ordinary product launch into a viral trend. ( ③ ) Because participants created the content themselves, viewers found the videos far more entertaining than a traditional advertisement would have been. ( ④ ) The company barely spent any money on production, yet the challenge reached millions of viewers across multiple platforms. ( ⑤ ) Encouraged by this success, other brands quickly attempted similar challenges, though many failed to generate the same excitement.