영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Modern sports wearables, from wrist-worn fitness trackers to smart insoles embedded in running shoes, continuously collect data that would once have required a laboratory to measure. Heart rate, sleep quality, running cadence, and even subtle changes in gait can now be ① monitored during ordinary daily activity rather than only in a controlled clinical setting. Coaches use this constant stream of information to detect early warning signs of overtraining, sometimes noticing a decline in performance ② after the athlete consciously feels tired. However, the flood of data has created a new challenge: distinguishing a meaningful pattern from ordinary daily fluctuation requires expertise that many amateur athletes simply ③ do not have. Some researchers worry that casual users may misinterpret a single unusual reading as a serious problem, leading to ④ needless anxiety rather than useful insight. For this reason, most experts recommend treating wearable data as a general trend to observe over time, not as a precise ⑤ diagnostic tool.

A documentary director named Mira first traveled to a remote Arctic glacier to film its towering cliffs of blue ice, which seemed frozen in time. Standing before the ①<u>massive</u> wall, she assumed such an enormous structure could hardly change within a lifetime. Five years later, however, she returned to the very same coordinates, expecting her camera to capture an identical scene. Instead, she discovered that the glacier had ②<u>retreated</u> so dramatically that the ice cliffs, once visible from her original position, had nearly ③<u>disappeared</u>, leaving bare rock and pools of meltwater behind. Comparing the two sets of footage side by side, Mira realized that a transformation she had expected to take centuries was actually happening within a single decade. This encounter convinced her that climate change, which she had previously regarded as a ⑤<u>distant</u> statistic, was in fact a ④<u>trivial</u> process reshaping landscapes before her eyes.

Companies argue that this approach benefits consumers by showing advertisements that are more ①relevant to their actual interests rather than random, generic promotions. However, many critics contend that this level of tracking raises serious concerns about privacy, since users rarely understand how ②extensively their behavior is being monitored. Furthermore, personalized advertising can trap users in a narrow bubble, ③limiting their exposure to alternatives. Supporters counter that consumers who dislike targeted ads can simply adjust their privacy settings, though ④few people actually take the time to do so. Given these competing concerns, policymakers must strike a ⑤careless balance between allowing innovation and protecting individual privacy rights.

Many companies today advertise their products as environmentally friendly, yet not all of these claims are accurate. This practice, known as greenwashing, involves exaggerating or fabricating a product's positive impact on the environment. Some brands print vague terms such as "natural" or "eco-conscious" on packaging without providing any evidence to support these labels. Consumers, who are increasingly concerned about climate change, often trust such claims without questioning them closely. As a result, they may pay higher prices for products that are no more sustainable than ordinary alternatives. Genuine environmental efforts, which usually require significant investment and long-term planning, are far more costly than simply changing a label. Therefore, governments should establish clear standards that require companies to ___________.

Every day, email providers quietly block billions of unwanted messages before they ever reach a user's inbox. The filter examines each incoming message for suspicious patterns, including certain keywords, unusual sender addresses, and formatting tricks. What makes the system effective is that it keeps learning after launch: whenever a user marks a message as spam, that action becomes new training data, sharpening the filter's future decisions. This creates a constant back-and-forth, since spammers study which messages get blocked and then adjust their wording to slip through again. As a result, _______________.

In recent years, mental health experts have identified a distinct emotional response to environmental crisis, commonly called eco-anxiety. Eco-anxiety describes persistent worry, grief, or fear triggered by awareness of climate change and its consequences for the future. Although people of all ages can experience it, teenagers and young adults seem especially vulnerable, since they anticipate living through decades of worsening conditions. Common symptoms include difficulty sleeping, a sense of hopelessness, and guilt over ordinary choices such as travel or diet. For example, some students report feeling paralyzed whenever they read alarming climate news, unable to focus on schoolwork or hobbies. However, experts emphasize that eco-anxiety is not a disorder to be eliminated but a natural reaction that can be channeled productively. Rather than avoiding the topic, young people are _______________.

The growing sophistication of cyberattacks has transformed cybersecurity into one of the most in-demand career fields. (A) Universities have responded to this trend by launching specialized degree programs focused entirely on cybersecurity. (B) As a result, businesses across nearly every industry now compete to hire qualified security professionals. (C) Hackers today target organizations of every size, from small retailers to major financial institutions.

Not all obstacles to renewable energy are technical or financial; some are psychological. (A) In contrast, switching demands research, upfront cost, and trust in unfamiliar technology, all of which can seem risky compared with doing nothing. For example, a neighborhood association might repeatedly postpone a vote on shared solar panels, not because the plan is flawed, but because members are reluctant to leave their routine. Therefore, boosting renewable adoption may depend less on proving its advantages and more on designing programs that make the first step feel easy. (B) Behavioral economists use the term status quo bias to describe a tendency to prefer the present situation over a new alternative, even when the alternative would bring greater benefits. (C) This bias helps explain why many households hesitate to switch to renewable energy, such as installing solar panels on their roofs. Although solar panels can lower electricity bills over time, homeowners often stick with their current power source because it feels safe and requires no immediate effort.

Online reviews have transformed the way consumers evaluate products before buying them. (A) Unfortunately, some of these reviews are not genuine, having been written by paid promoters rather than actual customers. (B) Shoppers now trust the opinions of strangers online almost as much as recommendations from friends or family. (C) For this reason, several platforms have started using technology to detect and remove suspicious reviews automatically.

주어진 문장: Word of their success quickly spread beyond the village's borders. A small riverside village had endured severe flooding almost every summer, watching helplessly as rising water damaged homes and destroyed crops year after year. ( ① ) Frustrated residents eventually decided to pursue climate adaptation, adjusting their infrastructure and habits to reduce the damage caused by increasingly unpredictable weather. ( ② ) Engineers widened the drainage canals surrounding the village, allowing excess rainwater to flow away more efficiently instead of pooling in low-lying streets. ( ③ ) Meanwhile, several families whose houses stood in the most vulnerable areas relocated to higher ground, even though leaving their long-time homes was emotionally difficult. The village also installed an early warning system that sent alerts to residents' phones whenever river levels rose dangerously fast. ( ④ ) When a powerful storm struck three years later, the new measures proved effective, and the village suffered only minor damage instead of the devastating losses it had previously faced. ( ⑤ ) Their resilience became a model for neighboring communities.