영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Skipping a proper warm-up before intense exercise might seem like a harmless way to save a few minutes, but the practice ①carries real physiological costs. A cold muscle is stiffer and less elastic than a warm one, making it considerably more prone to strains and tears when suddenly ②asked to contract forcefully. Gradually raising body temperature through light activity increases blood flow to the muscles, ③allowing oxygen to reach tissue more efficiently and enabling nerve signals to travel faster between the brain and the muscle fibers. A proper warm-up also raises heart rate gradually, ④easing the cardiovascular system into strenuous work rather than shocking it with a sudden demand. Athletes who warm up thoroughly tend to report better performance in the early minutes of competition, since their bodies are already primed rather than ⑤adjust on the fly.

Last January, Minji wrote the same resolution she always wrote: study English for an hour every day. By February, she had already quit, just as in previous years. ①Frustrated, she asked her teacher why her willpower always failed, and learned about a concept called implementation intentions. This idea, developed by psychologists, means forming a ②specific if-then plan that links a certain situation to a certain action in advance. She also prepared a ③backup plan: if she felt too tired, then she would study for just ten minutes instead of skipping entirely. Because these plans ④removed the need to decide anything in the moment, starting became far easier for Minji. By December, she had studied for eleven straight months, proving that clear if-then plans ⑤complicated vague intentions.

Online advertising algorithms analyze enormous amounts of user data to determine which products a person is most likely to purchase. As a result, the ads that appear on a person's screen often feel remarkably specific, sometimes referencing items browsed only minutes earlier. Supporters argue that this level of precision benefits consumers by reducing exposure to irrelevant advertisements and highlighting products they genuinely need. Critics, however, worry that constant exposure to tailored ads can encourage unnecessary spending, since algorithms are specifically designed to identify and exploit individual weaknesses. Because these algorithms operate largely without public oversight, few consumers fully understand how their personal data shapes what they eventually buy. Greater transparency, many experts argue, would ___________.

Time blocking is a time-management technique in which a person divides the day into fixed blocks. ___________. Instead of relying on a loose to-do list, the person decides exactly when each task will start and end. This approach lowers the mental effort of deciding what to do next, since the schedule already provides the answer. It also limits multitasking, because each block is reserved for only one activity at a time. For instance, a student may block ninety minutes for math practice, leaving no room for messages or web browsing. Another student may reserve an evening block solely for vocabulary review, treating that time like a fixed appointment. Because each block has a clear boundary, unfinished work is less likely to quietly spread into the next task. Many people who adopt time blocking feel more organized throughout the day.

Sociologist Erving Goffman argued that people constantly perform for others, much like actors managing their image on a stage, a concept known as impression management. This idea applies vividly to social media, where users select flattering photos and delete posts that might damage their reputation. Such careful curation allows people to present an idealized version of themselves that emphasizes achievements while hiding struggles or ordinary moments. However, when this performance becomes constant, a troubling gap can form between one's authentic self and the polished character displayed online. Maintaining that gap requires considerable emotional energy, and studies suggest it often leads to anxiety and exhaustion. Furthermore, comparing one's own carefully staged life to others' equally staged posts can distort what people believe is normal. Therefore, _______________.

Social media algorithms are designed to keep users engaged by showing them content they are likely to enjoy. (A) As a result, users are gradually exposed to a narrower and narrower range of perspectives over time. (B) This pattern, known as an echo chamber, can eventually lead to greater political polarization within a society. (C) To achieve this goal, the algorithms recommend posts and articles similar to what a user has already liked or shared.

주어진 문장: Unlike a rigid vegan diet, this approach does not require anyone to give up their favorite dishes completely. A flexitarian is someone who mainly eats plant-based meals but occasionally includes meat or fish, unlike a strict vegetarian who avoids animal products entirely. ( ① ) This flexible diet has recently gained attention as a practical way to fight climate change, since raising livestock produces a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions. ( ② ) Cattle, in particular, release large amounts of methane, a gas far more powerful than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. ( ③ ) By replacing just a few meat-based meals each week with vegetables, grains, or legumes, individuals can noticeably shrink their carbon footprint without giving up meat completely. ( ④ ) Nutritionists also emphasize that flexitarian eating is easier to maintain than full vegetarianism, because it allows flexibility rather than demanding absolute discipline. ( ⑤ ) Therefore, many environmental groups now promote flexitarianism as a realistic first step, believing that gradual change, rather than sudden restriction, is more likely to spread widely across society.

This natural advantage, however, is only a starting point rather than a fixed ceiling. VO2 max, defined as the maximum volume of oxygen a person's body can consume and use during intense exercise, is widely regarded as one of the best single indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness. ( ① ) Elite endurance athletes typically post VO2 max values far higher than those of untrained individuals, reflecting hearts that pump larger volumes of blood and muscles that extract oxygen from that blood with remarkable efficiency. ( ② ) While genetics accounts for a substantial portion of an individual's potential VO2 max, consistent aerobic training can still raise the measurement considerably over months of dedicated effort. ( ③ ) Interval training, which alternates short bursts of near-maximal effort with periods of recovery, has proven particularly effective at improving this measurement compared to steady, moderate-intensity exercise alone. ( ④ ) It is worth noting, however, that a high VO2 max does not guarantee success in competition, since factors such as running economy, pacing strategy, and mental resilience also play a decisive role in determining who actually crosses the finish line first. ( ⑤ )

주어진 문장: This was her very first trip to the region, so she had nothing to compare the scene to except old photographs taken by earlier scientists. A documentary director named Mira first traveled to a remote Arctic glacier to film its towering cliffs of blue ice, which seemed frozen in time. ( ① ) Standing before the massive wall, she assumed such an enormous structure could hardly change within a lifetime. ( ② ) Five years later, however, she returned to the very same coordinates, expecting her camera to capture an identical scene. ( ③ ) Instead, she discovered that the glacier had retreated so dramatically that the ice cliffs, once visible from her original position, had nearly disappeared, leaving bare rock and pools of meltwater behind. ( ④ ) Comparing the two sets of footage side by side, Mira realized that a transformation she had expected to take centuries was actually happening within a single decade. ( ⑤ ) This encounter convinced her that climate change, which she had previously regarded as a distant statistic, was in fact an urgent process reshaping landscapes before her eyes.

Some welcome the tool as a quick way to sketch ideas before refining them by hand. Feed an AI music program a mood, a tempo, and a rough genre, and within seconds it can generate a complete instrumental track, ready to be dropped under a video or used as background music for a small business. ( ① ) The software has studied thousands of existing songs, learning which chord progressions and rhythms tend to sound pleasant together, and it recombines these patterns into something new rather than copying any single source directly. ( ② ) For independent creators who cannot afford a composer or expensive licensing fees, this has been a genuine breakthrough. ( ③ ) Professional musicians, however, remain divided. ( ④ ) Others worry that a flood of AI-generated background music could quietly push human composers out of smaller, lower-budget projects, the very jobs many musicians once relied on to build a career. ( ⑤ )