영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Have you ever ①feel a boring class lasted forever while an exciting weekend disappeared in an instant? This common experience reflects what psychologists call the distortion of time perception: subjective time can ②differ from actual clock time. Researchers explain that people who focus intensely on an enjoyable activity ③process fewer separate moments, so time seems to pass quickly. In contrast, bored or anxious people pay closer attention to each moment, ④making time feel as though it is dragging. When people become deeply engaged in a task, they often lose track of time, ⑤unaware of how many minutes have passed.

Recovering from a serious sports injury involves far more than simply ① waiting for torn tissue to heal; it requires a carefully structured program that gradually reintroduces stress to the affected area. Immediately after an injury, rest and gentle range-of-motion exercises help ② preventing stiffness without disturbing the healing tissue. As pain subsides, therapists introduce light resistance training, ③ slowly rebuilding strength in muscles that have weakened from disuse. Only after strength and flexibility approach pre-injury levels ④ do specialists introduce sport-specific drills that mimic the exact movements an athlete will face in competition. Skipping this final stage, even when an athlete feels fully recovered, dramatically increases the risk of re-injury, because general strength does not automatically ⑤ translate into the specific coordination that a particular sport demands.

Many companies now advertise themselves as environmentally responsible, yet a growing number of these claims turn out to be ①misleading. This practice, known as greenwashing, occurs when a business spends more effort marketing its products as eco-friendly than actually reducing environmental harm. A company might launch a recycled-packaging line while continuing to pollute rivers through its main factories, creating a false impression of genuine change. Such tactics ②deceive well-intentioned consumers who wish to shop responsibly but lack the tools to ③verify corporate claims. In contrast, truly sustainable businesses publish detailed, independently verified data about their emissions and supply chains, allowing outsiders to check their progress. Therefore, shoppers should look beyond vague labels like green or natural and instead search for ④recognized certifications, transparent reports, and measurable targets. Without such scrutiny, greenwashing will keep ⑤declining, undermining public trust and slowing the broader shift toward an economy that truly protects the planet.

Across the world, teenagers are chronically short on sleep, often getting two or three hours less than the eight to ten hours experts recommend for their age. Part of the problem lies in biology: as puberty begins, the body's internal clock naturally ① shifts later, making it difficult for teenagers to fall asleep before eleven at night. Yet school start times rarely adjust to this shift, forcing students to wake before their bodies are ready. The consequences extend well beyond simple tiredness. Chronic sleep loss during adolescence has been linked to ② impaired concentration, weakened memory, and a higher risk of anxiety and depression. It can also disrupt the hormones that regulate appetite, contributing to ③ unhealthy weight gain over time. Some school districts have experimented with delaying start times by even thirty minutes, and early results suggest that students who gain that extra rest show ④ worsened grades, better mood, and fewer tardy arrivals. Despite this evidence, changing entrenched school schedules remains a slow and ⑤ contentious process.

Sleep is not a single, uniform state but a cycle that alternates between two very different modes: REM (rapid eye movement) sleep and non-REM sleep. During non-REM sleep, especially its deepest stage, the brain waves slow down dramatically, the body temperature drops, and tissue repair and growth hormone release reach their peak. This is the period most closely associated with physical restoration. REM sleep, by contrast, brings rapid eye movements, near-total muscle paralysis, and brain activity that closely resembles wakefulness. Most vivid dreaming occurs during this stage, and researchers believe _______________. A healthy night typically cycles through both stages four or five times, with non-REM dominating the early hours and REM periods lengthening toward morning. Disrupting either stage, through frequent awakenings or alcohol use, can leave a person feeling unrested even after a full night in bed.

The growing presence of AI in creative fields has sparked lively discussion among artists and critics alike. (A) In contrast, some artists worry that relying too heavily on such tools may weaken the value placed on original human creativity. (B) Many artists have embraced AI as a way to explore new styles quickly and overcome creative blocks. (C) Given these opposing views, most experts now agree that AI works best as a partner rather than a replacement for human creators.

FOMO refers to the anxious feeling that arises when people believe they are missing out on rewarding experiences that others are having. (A) For instance, a student who sees photos of a gathering she missed may feel sudden regret, even though the event is already over. (B) This feeling often leads people to check their phones compulsively, which makes it hard to focus on tasks at hand. (C) Such experiences are common among heavy social media users, who constantly compare their lives with the curated posts of others.

Greenwashing has become a common strategy among companies eager to appear environmentally responsible. (A) For example, a company might use a green logo or the word "eco" without changing its actual production methods at all. (B) In contrast, genuine sustainability requires real changes, such as reducing waste or using renewable energy sources. (C) Often, this involves marketing language that suggests care for the planet while offering little real evidence.

When the body fights off an infection, the immune system relies heavily on adequate sleep to function effectively. (A) Rather than being a passive state in which the body simply rests, sleep functions as an active period during which the immune system repairs itself and prepares for future threats, which is why doctors often recommend extra sleep when someone is fighting an illness. (B) Chronic sleep deprivation also appears to promote low-grade inflammation throughout the body, a state that has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease and other chronic conditions. (C) During deep sleep, the body produces and releases cytokines, proteins that help regulate immune responses, and people who consistently sleep fewer than six hours a night show measurably weaker antibody responses after vaccination.

Whether such small warnings can meaningfully counter the daily flood of filtered images, however, remains an open question that researchers are only beginning to study. Opening most camera apps today reveals a row of filters that can smooth skin, brighten eyes, and reshape a jawline before a photo is even taken, all powered by AI models trained to recognize facial features in real time. ( ① ) What began as a playful novelty has become a default setting for many users, subtly adjusting nearly every selfie posted online. ( ② ) Psychologists have grown concerned about a specific consequence of this shift: people increasingly compare their unfiltered reflection in a mirror to a filtered version of themselves seen constantly on a screen. ( ③ ) This is a comparison that earlier generations never had to face. ( ④ ) Some social media platforms have responded by labeling heavily edited photos or banning certain filters that alter body shape. ( ⑤ )