영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Setting a goal such as 'I will study harder' rarely ①leads to meaningful improvement. According to psychologists Edwin Locke and Gary Latham, specific and challenging goals ②produce far better performance than vague or easy ones. This idea, known as goal-setting theory, suggests ③that clear targets direct attention and sustain effort over time. To apply this theory effectively, many educators recommend the SMART framework, which ④require goals to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Because the goal includes a clear number and a deadline, progress becomes easy ⑤to track and evaluate.

Many companies today advertise their products as environmentally friendly, yet not all of these claims are accurate. This practice, ①knowing as greenwashing, involves exaggerating or fabricating a product's positive impact on the environment. Consumers, ②who are increasingly concerned about climate change, often trust such claims without questioning them closely. As a result, they may pay higher prices for products ③that are no more sustainable than ordinary alternatives. Genuine environmental efforts, which usually ④require significant investment and long-term planning, are far more costly than simply changing a label. Therefore, governments should establish clear standards ⑤that require companies to prove their environmental claims with verifiable data.

Time-management researchers frequently mention a principle known as Parkinson's Law, which states that work ①expands to fill the time available for its completion. According to this idea, a task that could be finished in one hour will often stretch to fill an entire afternoon if that much time is scheduled for it. Students who set ②vague deadlines frequently experience this effect, spending extra hours refining a report that was already ③complete. Employees given a full week for a simple project may also delay meaningful progress until the final days, even though the actual work requires far ④more effort. This pattern happens partly because people unconsciously adjust their pace to match perceived urgency. Setting shorter, more specific deadlines can ⑤counter this tendency, forcing tasks to fit within a tighter and more realistic window.

Instead of typing keywords into a search bar, a growing number of people now simply upload a photo and let an algorithm figure out what it contains. Shoppers use it to find where an item seen on the street can be purchased, while students use it to identify plants, insects, or historical artworks in seconds. The system works by breaking an image down into countless small features, such as edges, colors, and shapes, then matching that pattern against millions of stored examples. It is not flawless, however; a blurry photo, an unusual camera angle, or an object partly hidden behind another can easily confuse the algorithm, leading to _______________.

Have you ever felt a boring class lasted forever while an exciting weekend disappeared in an instant? This common experience reflects what psychologists call the distortion of time perception: ___________. Researchers explain that people who focus intensely on an enjoyable activity process fewer separate moments, so time seems to pass quickly. In contrast, bored or anxious people pay closer attention to each moment, making time feel as though it is dragging.

Psychologists who study daily behavior describe habits through a model called the cue-routine-reward loop. This theory explains that every habit begins with a cue, a signal that tells the brain to start an automatic behavior. The brain then performs a routine, which is the action itself, whether physical or mental. Finally, the brain receives a reward, a positive feeling that makes it want to repeat the same behavior. For example, a notification sound can act as a cue that leads a student to check a phone, and the relief from boredom becomes the reward. Similarly, opening a refrigerator out of habit rather than hunger shows how a routine can run without conscious thought. Because this loop operates automatically, breaking a bad habit requires ___________. Understanding this structure helps people redesign daily patterns more effectively than relying on willpower alone.

Rather than replacing human creativity outright, many artists, writers, and filmmakers have begun treating AI tools as an unusual kind of collaborator, one that generates dozens of rough options in the time it would take a person to sketch just one. A novelist might ask an AI model for ten possible opening lines and then discard nine, keeping only the phrase that sparks an idea worth developing further. What makes this collaboration work, according to many creators, is that _______________. Critics counter that this framing can understate the risk, since even a first draft ultimately shapes everything that follows it.

A smartwatch strapped to a runner's wrist can now do far more than simply count steps; it monitors heart rate variability, running form, and recovery time, then uses that data to suggest a training plan tailored to the individual rather than a generic weekly schedule. (A) Sports scientists note an important caveat, however: a wrist-based sensor cannot fully capture the same physiological detail available in a professional lab. (B) When the device detects signs of overtraining, such as an unusually high resting heart rate several mornings in a row, it may recommend a lighter workout or an extra rest day before fatigue turns into an actual injury. (C) Amateur athletes often credit this kind of guidance with helping them train more consistently without pushing their bodies too hard.

The tool draws on enormous amounts of data, including flight prices, seasonal weather patterns, and reviews left by previous travelers, to suggest a route that avoids obvious scheduling conflicts. Planning a multi-city trip once meant hours spent comparing flight schedules, reading hotel reviews, and mapping out which sights were close enough to visit in a single day. ( ① ) AI travel planners now compress much of that work into a short conversation, asking about a budget, a travel style, and a handful of preferences before generating a full day-by-day itinerary within minutes. ( ② ) Many travelers appreciate having a solid starting point rather than a blank page. ( ③ ) Still, seasoned travelers warn that these itineraries can feel oddly generic. ( ④ ) They often steer users toward the same popular landmarks that every other AI-generated plan recommends, while overlooking smaller, lesser-known places that a knowledgeable local guide might have suggested instead. ( ⑤ )

Treating a wellness app as a substitute for medical expertise, they warn, can be just as risky as ignoring a warning altogether. A growing number of health apps now track steps, sleep, and heart rate throughout the day, quietly building a detailed picture of a user's physical condition without requiring a single visit to a doctor's office. ( ① ) By comparing this stream of data against patterns drawn from millions of other users, the app's algorithm can flag early warning signs, such as an irregular heartbeat, long before the person experiencing it would have noticed anything unusual on their own. ( ② ) For people living far from specialists or unable to afford frequent checkups, this kind of constant monitoring can feel like a genuine safety net. ( ③ ) Doctors caution, however, that these apps are designed to detect patterns, not to diagnose illness. ( ④ ) A worried user should always confirm any alarming reading with a professional rather than trusting an app's suggestion alone. ( ⑤ )