영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Aerobic exercise, such as jogging, swimming, or cycling at a steady pace, ①strengthens the heart by forcing it to pump larger volumes of blood with each beat. Over weeks of consistent training, the heart gradually enlarges and becomes more efficient, meaning it can deliver the same amount of oxygen to working muscles while ②beating fewer times per minute. This adaptation explains why trained athletes often have a much lower resting heart rate than sedentary individuals of the same age. Beyond the heart itself, aerobic activity encourages the body ③building new capillaries within muscle tissue, improving the delivery of oxygen and nutrients at a cellular level. Researchers have also found that regular aerobic exercise ④reduces inflammation throughout the body and improves the way cells respond to insulin. Because these benefits accumulate gradually rather than appearing overnight, most exercise physiologists recommend ⑤maintaining a consistent routine for at least several months before expecting dramatic improvements in endurance.

A navigation app calculating a route rarely relies on distance alone; instead, it constantly weighs real-time traffic reports, past congestion patterns for that time of day, and even data from other drivers' phones ①currently on the road. This flood of information allows the app ②to reroute a driver away from a sudden accident within seconds, often before the driver has any idea the accident ③occurring at all. The convenience comes at a cost that few passengers consider, however. When thousands of drivers are simultaneously ④redirected onto the same shortcut, that quiet side street can quickly become as congested as the highway it was meant to help travelers avoid. Residents of these once-quiet neighborhoods have increasingly complained about the sudden surge of unfamiliar traffic, ⑤arguing that an algorithm optimizing for individual convenience can end up creating a new problem.

Self-driving technology is advancing rapidly, and its impact on the transportation industry ①is becoming increasingly visible. Companies are testing autonomous trucks ②that can travel long distances without human drivers, potentially transforming how goods move across countries. Millions of professional drivers worry about ③lose their jobs as automation spreads through the industry. Experts predict that certain driving jobs, particularly long-distance trucking, may ④shrink significantly within the next two decades. New roles are also emerging, including remote vehicle operators who monitor fleets of autonomous trucks and technicians ⑤who maintain the complex sensors these vehicles depend on.

Opening most camera apps today reveals a row of filters that can smooth skin, brighten eyes, and reshape a jawline before a photo is even taken, all powered by AI models trained to recognize facial features in real time. What began as a playful novelty has become a ①default setting for many users, subtly adjusting nearly every selfie posted online. Psychologists have grown concerned about a specific consequence of this shift: people increasingly compare their unfiltered reflection in a mirror to a filtered version of themselves seen constantly on a screen, a comparison that earlier generations never had to ②face. Some social media platforms have responded by ③labeling heavily edited photos or banning certain filters that alter body shape. Whether such small warnings can meaningfully ④worsen the daily flood of filtered images, however, remains an ⑤open question that researchers are only beginning to study.

Recovering from a serious sports injury involves far more than simply waiting for torn tissue to heal; it requires a carefully structured program that ①gradually reintroduces stress to the affected area. Immediately after an injury, rest and gentle range-of-motion exercises help prevent stiffness without ②disturbing the healing tissue. As pain subsides, therapists introduce light resistance training, slowly ③weakening strength in muscles that have weakened from disuse. Progressing too quickly at this stage is a common mistake, since tissue that appears healed on the surface may still be ④structurally fragile beneath it. Skipping the final stage, even when an athlete feels fully recovered, dramatically ⑤increases the risk of re-injury.

As more businesses move their operations online, cyberattacks have become one of the most serious threats facing modern companies. In response, demand for cybersecurity professionals has surged across nearly every industry. Despite this expansion, experts estimate that ___________, largely because the number of qualified applicants has not kept pace with rapidly increasing demand. This shortage suggests that cybersecurity will remain a promising career path for years to come.

Building brand loyalty has traditionally been considered one of the most valuable goals in marketing, since loyal customers tend to spend more and recommend products to others. Companies invest significant resources in loyalty programs, offering points, discounts, and exclusive access to encourage repeat purchases. However, some critics argue that these programs manipulate consumers into staying with a brand out of habit rather than genuine satisfaction. Genuine loyalty, they contend, should be earned through consistent quality and honest treatment of customers, not through artificial incentives that merely delay a customer's departure. As markets become more competitive, relying solely on loyalty programs without addressing underlying product quality may ultimately backfire. Therefore, companies should treat loyalty ___________.

Elite athletes often perform in front of enormous crowds with championships, contracts, and years of training riding on a single moment, and the psychological weight of that pressure can undermine skills that feel automatic in practice. (A) Structured breathing exercises and pre-performance routines also help athletes regain a sense of control before a decisive moment. (B) Rather than trying to eliminate nervousness entirely, which research suggests is nearly impossible, many trainers now teach athletes to reinterpret the physical symptoms of anxiety as signs of readiness rather than danger. (C) Sports psychologists explain that intense anxiety narrows attention and disrupts the smooth, unconscious execution of well-learned movements, a phenomenon sometimes called choking under pressure.

주어진 문장: She walked into the interview room feeling confident, certain that her past online activity had nothing to do with her qualifications. When Minji was in ninth grade, she posted a joking comment mocking a classmate's photo, never imagining anyone would remember it later. ( ① ) Three years passed, and she nearly forgot the comment existed, buried among hundreds of old posts. ( ② ) Last spring, she applied to join her school's student council, hoping her leadership experience would impress the selection committee. ( ③ ) During the interview, however, one teacher mentioned having seen an old, unkind comment under Minji's name while reviewing applicants' profiles. ( ④ ) Startled, Minji realized that everything she had ever posted online had quietly accumulated into what is called a digital footprint, a lasting trail of personal data left behind by online activity. ( ⑤ ) Although she deleted the comment immediately, the damage to her reputation had already been done. She understood that digital footprints rarely disappear completely, even when the original posts are removed, because screenshots and memories often outlast the content itself.

Treating a wellness app as a substitute for medical expertise, they warn, can be just as risky as ignoring a warning altogether. A growing number of health apps now track steps, sleep, and heart rate throughout the day, quietly building a detailed picture of a user's physical condition without requiring a single visit to a doctor's office. ( ① ) By comparing this stream of data against patterns drawn from millions of other users, the app's algorithm can flag early warning signs, such as an irregular heartbeat, long before the person experiencing it would have noticed anything unusual on their own. ( ② ) For people living far from specialists or unable to afford frequent checkups, this kind of constant monitoring can feel like a genuine safety net. ( ③ ) Doctors caution, however, that these apps are designed to detect patterns, not to diagnose illness. ( ④ ) A worried user should always confirm any alarming reading with a professional rather than trusting an app's suggestion alone. ( ⑤ )