영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

After a viewer finishes an episode, a streaming service rarely ①leave the choice of what to watch next entirely up to chance. Instead, a recommendation algorithm compares that viewer's habits with patterns ②drawn from millions of other users who watched similar content, then ranks thousands of titles in order of predicted interest. This approach keeps viewers engaged far longer than a simple list of new releases ever could, which is precisely why streaming companies invest so heavily in ③refining it. The system is not without drawbacks, however. Because the algorithm favors titles similar to what a viewer already enjoys, it can quietly narrow someone's exposure to unfamiliar genres, directors, or cultures, ④creating a comfortable but repetitive bubble. Some platforms have begun inserting occasional wildcard suggestions, deliberately unrelated to past viewing habits, in an attempt ⑤to counteract this narrowing effect.

The subscription economy refers to a business model ①in which consumers pay a recurring fee to access goods or services rather than owning them outright. One major reason for this growth is convenience, since subscribers no longer need ②to make repeated purchasing decisions once they sign up. Another reason is that companies benefit from predictable revenue, ③what allows them to plan production and marketing more efficiently than with one-time sales. For example, a monthly clothing subscription delivers new outfits automatically, ④saving customers the time and effort of shopping in stores. However, some critics argue that subscriptions encourage people ⑤to pay for services they barely use.

Ambitious young athletes and the parents who support them sometimes assume that more training automatically produces ①better results, a belief that occasionally leads to a condition known as overtraining syndrome. Unlike ordinary fatigue that resolves after a few days of rest, overtraining syndrome develops ②rapidly within a single day of insufficient recovery, eventually producing persistent exhaustion, declining performance despite continued hard work, and increased susceptibility to illness and injury. Adolescents may be especially vulnerable, since their bodies are simultaneously coping with the physical demands of growth and the added stress of intensive training schedules. Warning signs are often ③subtle at first, including disrupted sleep, irritability, and a loss of enthusiasm for a sport the athlete once genuinely enjoyed. Recovery from full-blown overtraining syndrome can take ④months rather than days, which is why sports medicine specialists now emphasize monitoring early warning signs and scheduling rest before symptoms ⑤worsen.

Many companies now advertise themselves as environmentally responsible, yet a growing number of these claims turn out to be ①misleading. This practice, known as greenwashing, occurs when a business spends more effort marketing its products as eco-friendly than actually reducing environmental harm. A company might launch a recycled-packaging line while continuing to pollute rivers through its main factories, creating a false impression of genuine change. Such tactics ②deceive well-intentioned consumers who wish to shop responsibly but lack the tools to ③verify corporate claims. In contrast, truly sustainable businesses publish detailed, independently verified data about their emissions and supply chains, allowing outsiders to check their progress. Therefore, shoppers should look beyond vague labels like green or natural and instead search for ④recognized certifications, transparent reports, and measurable targets. Without such scrutiny, greenwashing will keep ⑤declining, undermining public trust and slowing the broader shift toward an economy that truly protects the planet.

Years ago, a small shoe company struggled to compete with larger, well-funded rivals in the market. Its products were ①solid, but customers rarely ②remembered the brand after a single purchase. Sales slowly ③decreased as people felt they were supporting something meaningful rather than simply buying a product. Other companies noticed this shift and began crafting their own narratives, hoping to create similar ④emotional connections. Eventually, the founder realized that a compelling story, told honestly, could turn ordinary customers into ⑤loyal supporters.

Influencer marketing has become one of the most powerful tools that companies use to reach young consumers. Unlike traditional advertisements, which often feel distant and impersonal, posts created by influencers seem more like advice from a trusted friend. This sense of closeness, built through years of sharing daily life online, makes followers more willing to trust product recommendations than ordinary commercials. For example, a skincare brand promoted by a popular lifestyle influencer can sell out within hours simply because her audience believes her opinions are honest. However, this trust can be exploited when influencers promote products they have never actually tried. As a result, several countries now require influencers to clearly disclose paid partnerships before posting sponsored content. Consumers are becoming more cautious, checking whether reviews are sponsored before making a purchase. In the end, influencer marketing ___________.

Only a decade ago, translation apps produced sentences so awkward that users often laughed at the results rather than trusting them. (A) Frequent travelers now point their phone cameras at street signs and receive an instant translation overlaid on the screen, thanks to this leap in accuracy. (B) Even so, the technology still struggles with humor, sarcasm, and cultural nuance, areas where a single wrong word can completely change the intended meaning. (C) Today, many of these apps rely on neural networks that analyze entire sentences at once, capturing context instead of translating word by word.

Many self-help books emphasize the cue-routine-reward loop as a tool for building better habits. (A) For example, athletes who want to build a stretching habit often rely on a specific cue, such as arriving at the gym, to trigger the same short routine every time. (B) Over time, this consistent pairing strengthens the neural pathway connecting the cue to the routine, making the behavior feel almost automatic. (C) According to this model, every habit consists of three connected parts: a cue that triggers behavior, a routine that follows, and a reward that reinforces it.

주어진 문장: Even small purchasing decisions, they argue, can accumulate into meaningful pressure on how companies operate. Value-based consumption refers to the practice of spending money on products or experiences that align with a person's personal beliefs, even if cheaper alternatives exist. ( ① ) Rather than simply seeking the lowest price, value-conscious consumers consider factors such as labor conditions, environmental impact, and community benefit before making a purchase. ( ② ) Some critics dismiss this approach as impractical, arguing that most people cannot afford to prioritize ethics over affordability in daily life. ( ③ ) However, supporters point out that value-based spending does not require constant sacrifice; it often means buying fewer, higher-quality items rather than accumulating cheap goods that wear out quickly. ( ④ ) This shift also encourages companies to improve their practices, since consumer demand increasingly rewards transparency and responsibility. ( ⑤ ) For example, a clothing brand that openly shares its supply chain information may attract loyal customers willing to pay slightly more.

주어진 문장: This lowered sense of accountability can lead people toward two very different directions, one positive and one harmful. Psychologist John Suler proposed a concept called the online disinhibition effect, describing how people behave differently on the internet than they do face to face. ( ① ) Because usernames often hide real identities and screens create physical distance from others, individuals feel freer to express themselves without immediate social consequences. ( ② ) This freedom can be beneficial, allowing shy people to share honest feelings they would normally hesitate to reveal in person. ( ③ ) However, the same anonymity frequently produces a darker outcome, encouraging users to post cruel comments they would never say to someone's face. ( ④ ) Malicious remarks left under celebrities' photos or news articles illustrate how quickly this behavior can spread once a few users set the tone. ( ⑤ ) Such comments often cause severe emotional harm to the people who receive them.