영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Stairs seem too ordinary ① to be dangerous, which is why many people treat them carelessly, texting, carrying an armful of books, or skipping two steps at a time. Emergency room records tell a different story: falls on stairways ② sends more people to the hospital each year than almost any other household accident. Familiarity encourages a kind of autopilot mode, in which a person stops ③ looking at each step and instead relies on memory of where the stairs should be, a habit that ④ fails the moment something unexpected occurs, such as a missing step or a loose railing. Safety officials recommend a few unglamorous habits: keep one hand free, use the handrail, and turn on the light before ⑤ stepping onto a dark staircase.

Behavioral economists use the term status quo bias to describe a tendency to prefer the present situation over a new alternative, even when the alternative ①**would brought** greater benefits. This bias helps explain why many households hesitate ②**to switch** to renewable energy, such as installing solar panels on their roofs. Although solar panels can lower electricity bills over time, homeowners often stick with their current power source because it feels safe and ③**requires** no immediate effort. In contrast, switching demands research, upfront cost, and trust in unfamiliar technology, all of which can ④**seem** risky compared with doing nothing. For example, a neighborhood association might repeatedly postpone a vote on shared solar panels, not because the plan is flawed, but because members are ⑤**reluctant to leave** their routine. Therefore, boosting renewable adoption may depend less on proving its advantages and more on designing programs that make the first step feel easy.

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment ①known as green jobs has expanded rapidly. These positions include solar panel installers, wind turbine technicians, and specialists who design energy-efficient buildings. Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy have seen employment in this sector ②grown far faster than in the economy overall. Young workers, in particular, are drawn to green careers because they ③offer a sense of purpose alongside financial stability. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs is not always simple, ④since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed ⑤to help such workers shift smoothly into renewable energy careers.

A flexitarian is someone who mainly ①eating plant-based meals but occasionally includes meat or fish, unlike a strict vegetarian who avoids animal products entirely. This flexible diet has recently gained attention as a practical way to fight climate change, since raising livestock ②produces a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions. Cattle, in particular, release large amounts of methane, a gas far more powerful than carbon dioxide at ③trapping heat in the atmosphere. By replacing just a few meat-based meals each week with vegetables, grains, or legumes, individuals can noticeably shrink their carbon footprint without giving up meat completely. Nutritionists also emphasize that flexitarian eating is easier to maintain than full vegetarianism, because it ④allows flexibility rather than demanding absolute discipline. Therefore, many environmental groups now promote flexitarianism as a realistic first step, ⑤believing that gradual change, rather than sudden restriction, is more likely to spread widely across society.

Sociologist Erving Goffman argued that people constantly perform for others, much like actors ①managing their image on a stage, a concept known as impression management. This idea applies vividly to social media, where users select flattering photos and delete posts ②that might damage their reputation. Such careful curation allows people ③to present an idealized version of themselves that emphasizes achievements while hiding struggles or ordinary moments. However, when this performance becomes constant, a troubling gap can form between one's authentic self and the polished character ④displaying online. Maintaining that gap requires considerable emotional energy, and studies suggest it often leads to anxiety and exhaustion. Furthermore, comparing one's own carefully staged life to others' equally staged posts can distort what people believe is normal. Therefore, individuals should recognize that some self-presentation online is inevitable, but they must also protect space where imperfection ⑤is allowed to remain visible.

Within days, thousands of people began recreating the dance and tagging the brand, turning an ordinary product launch into a ①viral trend. Because participants created the content themselves, viewers found the videos far more ②entertaining than a traditional advertisement would have been. The company barely spent any money on production, yet the challenge reached ③millions of viewers across multiple platforms. Encouraged by this success, other brands quickly attempted similar challenges, though many ④succeeded in generating the same excitement. Researchers later explained that the original challenge succeeded because it felt spontaneous and fun rather than obviously ⑤commercial.

Time-management researchers frequently mention a principle known as Parkinson's Law, which states that ___________. According to this idea, a task that could be finished in one hour will often stretch to fill an entire afternoon if that much time is scheduled for it. Students who set vague deadlines frequently experience this effect, spending extra hours refining a report that was already complete. Employees given a full week for a simple project may also delay meaningful progress until the final days, even though the actual work requires far less effort. This pattern happens partly because people unconsciously adjust their pace to match perceived urgency. Setting shorter, more specific deadlines can counter this tendency, forcing tasks to fit within a tighter and more realistic window. By recognizing how flexible time encourages unnecessary delay, individuals can complete assignments more efficiently without sacrificing quality.

Jimin joined the school band club in March, but she had never performed before an audience. The club's first concert was only two weeks away, and everyone felt nervous. During practice, her hands shook whenever the song reached the chorus, and she kept missing the same chord. Instead of laughing at her mistakes, the other members waited patiently and played the section again with her. The drummer, Suho, suggested that she focus on just one part at a time. Slowly, her fingers grew more confident, and the chord that once felt impossible began to feel natural. The club practiced until the melody sounded smooth the night before the concert. When Jimin walked onto the stage, she thought of her friends' patience instead of her fear. The audience clapped warmly, and she realized _______________________.

주어진 문장: For this reason, small differences in color or style can quickly become noticeable across the whole wall. Every spring, the art club at Sejong High School creates one large mural together instead of individual paintings. ( ① ) The process begins with a session where members suggest themes and vote on their favorite idea. ( ② ) Once a theme is chosen, the club divides into small teams, each responsible for one section of the wall. One team sketches the outline while another mixes colors to match the design. ( ③ ) Communication becomes essential at this stage, since each section must connect smoothly with the ones beside it. If one team paints too dark a shade, the whole picture can look unbalanced. ( ④ ) Therefore, members regularly step back to compare their section with the rest of the mural. ( ⑤ ) After several weekends, the teams combine their sections into a single image. The finished mural is displayed near the entrance, reminding everyone what cooperation can achieve.

Yet the objective probability of survival in both scenarios is, of course, mathematically identical. Framing effects appear with particular force in decisions involving risk and uncertainty. ( ① ) When physicians describe a treatment option in terms of a survival rate, patients tend to view the treatment favorably and are more inclined to proceed. ( ② ) When the very same statistic is instead presented as a mortality rate, patient enthusiasm for the identical treatment drops noticeably. ( ③ ) This asymmetry persists even among physicians themselves, who might be expected to evaluate probabilities more analytically than the general public. ( ④ ) The persistence of this bias among trained professionals suggests that framing effects operate below the level of deliberate reasoning, influencing judgment before conscious analysis even begins. ( ⑤ ) Understanding this tendency allows communicators to present information more responsibly, regardless of which frame ultimately proves more persuasive.