영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Sensors buried in the soil now report moisture levels in real time, drones survey entire fields for signs of disease within minutes, and automated systems adjust irrigation without a farmer ever ① walking the rows. For large operations with the capital ② to invest, these tools have measurably increased yields while reducing water waste, addressing two problems that traditional farming has struggled with for generations. Smaller family farms, however, often cannot afford the upfront cost of this equipment, and some worry that the gap between high-tech and traditional operations will only ③ widen as the technology advances further. There is also a quieter cultural cost that rarely appears in productivity reports: generations of farming knowledge, passed down through direct observation of soil, weather, and crops, risk ④ being replaced by dashboards and automated alerts that few young farmers ⑤ teaching to question.

The subscription economy refers to a business model in which consumers pay a recurring fee to access goods or services rather than owning them outright. This model has expanded ①slowly beyond entertainment platforms into areas such as clothing, food, and even transportation. Companies benefit from predictable revenue, which allows them to plan production and marketing more ②efficiently than with one-time sales. For example, a monthly clothing subscription delivers new outfits ③automatically, saving customers the time and effort of shopping in stores. However, some critics argue that subscriptions encourage people to pay for services they ④barely use. Consequently, experts recommend reviewing subscription lists ⑤regularly to avoid unnecessary expenses.

Sociologists use the term homophily to describe the tendency of people to form connections with others who share similar backgrounds, opinions, or interests. This principle explains why classmates from the same major often become close friends, while coworkers with shared hobbies naturally gravitate toward one another. Because similarity reduces the effort required to understand another person's perspective, relationships built on shared traits tend to feel comfortable and require less negotiation. However, this same comfort can narrow the range of viewpoints someone encounters, since surrounding oneself with similar people limits exposure to different ideas. Social media platforms intensify this pattern through recommendation algorithms that suggest new friends based on shared interests or similar browsing history. As a result, users often find their online circles becoming increasingly homogeneous, filled with people who think and behave much like themselves. Recognizing this tendency _______________.

The Greenfield Public Library will offer a variety of special programs for students during summer vacation. From July 20th to August 14th, students can join reading clubs, writing workshops, and science experiment classes. ___________. Interested students should sign up at the front desk or through the library's website before space runs out.

A rational approach to decision-making dictates that only future costs and benefits should influence a choice, since resources already spent cannot be recovered regardless of what is decided next. In practice, however, people routinely allow such irrecoverable expenditures, known as sunk costs, to shape their subsequent decisions, a pattern referred to as the sunk cost fallacy. Economists therefore urge decision-makers to evaluate each choice based solely on its prospective outcomes, treating past expenditures as ___________ to the decision at hand.

The job market has changed dramatically over the past few decades, and it continues to shift every year. Many tasks once done entirely by humans are now shared with machines and computer programs. As a result, some traditional jobs have slowly disappeared, while entirely new positions have emerged to replace them. Adapting to these changes can feel stressful, but experts note that workers who ___________ tend to succeed regardless of which industry they choose.

Artificial intelligence is creating job titles that did not exist a decade ago. (A) AI ethics officers, for instance, check whether a company's technology treats users fairly. (B) These new roles clearly require more than just technical skill. (C) Prompt engineers, for example, design instructions that help AI programs produce accurate results.

The rapid rise of the gig economy has led researchers to examine both its opportunities and its risks. (A) In addition, because their income depends heavily on the number of tasks completed, many gig workers find it difficult to save money consistently. (B) On the positive side, gig platforms allow workers to set their own schedules and take on projects that match their skills. (C) Yet this freedom comes at a price, since most gig workers are not entitled to employer-provided benefits like health insurance.

Confined in this controlled setting, the organisms grow far faster than they ever would in the wild. Long before humans learned to drill for oil, microorganisms had already mastered the art of converting sunlight and carbon dioxide into stored chemical energy. ( ① ) Modern biofuel research borrows this ability, cultivating algae or engineered bacteria in large tanks. ( ② ) There, they can be coaxed into producing oils and sugars that can be refined into fuel usable in existing engines. ( ③ ) Unlike crops grown for corn-based ethanol, which compete directly with food production for arable land, many algae strains can thrive in shallow ponds, wastewater, or even coastal seawater unsuitable for conventional agriculture. ( ④ ) Engineers have also learned to tinker with the metabolic pathways of these organisms, boosting oil yield far beyond what any wild strain would naturally produce on its own. ( ⑤ ) Despite this progress, producing biofuel at a cost competitive with fossil fuel remains difficult, since harvesting and processing the organisms consumes a substantial share of the energy the fuel itself will eventually provide.

Admission is free, but some food and activities require a small fee. The Riverside Summer Festival will take place from August 1st to August 3rd at Riverside Park. ( ① ) This annual event offers a variety of programs for visitors of all ages. ( ② ) During the day, local farmers and small businesses will sell fresh fruits, snacks, and handmade crafts at outdoor booths. ( ③ ) In the evening, live music performances and a fireworks show will light up the night sky. ( ④ ) Children can enjoy water games and face painting near the fountain area. ( ⑤ ) Visitors are encouraged to bring their own water bottles and use public transportation, since parking near the park is limited.