영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Among the many tools available to those who design choice environments, few are as quietly powerful as the default option, the alternative that ①takes effect automatically unless a person actively selects something else. Because changing a default requires deliberate effort, many individuals simply accept whatever arrangement has been preselected for them, regardless of whether that arrangement actually ②serve their interests best. This tendency has been documented across a remarkably wide range of contexts. Countries that automatically enroll citizens in organ donation programs, requiring an explicit request to opt out, consistently report far higher donor registration rates than countries that require citizens ③to actively opt in. Employers who automatically enroll new hires in retirement savings plans likewise see participation rates ④climb dramatically compared with employers who leave enrollment entirely voluntary. What makes default options so influential is not merely convenience; a default also functions as an implicit signal about what is considered normal or recommended, subtly ⑤shaping perceptions even among individuals who believe themselves to be deciding independently.

Psychologists have long studied a mechanism called the variable reward schedule, in which rewards arrive ①predictably rather than after every single action. Slot machines famously exploit this principle, and social media notifications operate on strikingly similar logic. When someone posts a photo, they cannot predict exactly when likes will appear, nor how many they will eventually receive. This uncertainty triggers a small burst of dopamine each time the phone is checked, regardless of whether the result is ②disappointing or thrilling. Consequently, users often refresh their feeds ③compulsively, hoping the next check will finally bring a satisfying reward. What makes this troubling is that technology companies ④deliberately designed notification systems using insights borrowed from gambling research, rather than stumbling upon them by accident. Such practices raise serious ethical questions about ⑤manipulating users' brains for profit.

The term green premium describes the ①reduced cost that consumers must pay when they choose an environmentally friendly product or energy source over a conventional, cheaper alternative. For example, an electric vehicle or solar-powered appliance often carries a higher price tag than its gasoline-powered or coal-based counterpart, even though it produces fewer emissions over time. This price gap frequently ②discourages shoppers who support sustainability in principle but cannot justify the additional expense within a limited household budget. In contrast, wealthier consumers can ③absorb the premium more easily, which creates unequal participation in green markets. To ④narrow this gap, governments have introduced subsidies and tax credits that lower upfront costs, while companies invest in research to make clean technologies cheaper to manufacture. As production scales up and innovation continues, many economists expect the green premium to ⑤shrink steadily, eventually making sustainable choices the more affordable option for most consumers.

As artificial intelligence becomes part of everyday life, entirely new job titles are appearing in the workplace. Prompt engineers design effective instructions that help AI programs produce accurate results. AI ethics officers examine whether a company's technology treats users fairly. Human-AI collaboration trainers teach employees how to use AI tools efficiently without depending on them completely. Interestingly, most of these new roles require not only technical knowledge but also strong communication and ethical judgment. This suggests that success in an AI-driven future will depend less on competing with machines and more on ___________.

Yesterday, I visited my school's career counselor because I felt confused about my future. She listened carefully and then asked me a simple question: what activities make me lose track of time? I answered that designing posters for school events always felt exciting. She smiled and said that this kind of clue often reveals ___________, more than any test score can. She suggested that I try combining my two interests by exploring careers such as scientific illustration or product design.

Telemedicine, which allows patients to consult doctors through video calls rather than in-person visits, has expanded rapidly since its early adoption. However, critics contend that virtual appointments cannot fully replace physical examinations, which remain essential for detecting certain conditions. Despite such concerns, most healthcare experts believe telemedicine will continue to grow, complementing rather than replacing traditional in-person care. As this shift continues, ___________.

Riding a bicycle during summer vacation is fun, but a few safety habits are essential. (A) It is also important to wear bright or reflective clothing so that drivers can see you clearly. (B) Before you ride, always check that your tires are properly inflated and your brakes work well. (C) Finally, choose bike paths or quiet streets whenever possible, rather than busy roads with heavy traffic.

As the metaverse develops, entirely new categories of professional work are emerging alongside it. (A) Virtual event planners, for instance, now organize concerts and conferences that take place entirely within digital platforms. (B) Some skepticism remains, since the technology has not yet attracted the enormous user base that early predictions promised. (C) Despite this uncertainty, major companies continue to invest heavily, betting that virtual spaces will eventually rival physical venues in importance.

This year's fair is expected to be the largest one the school has ever held. Central High School will host its annual career fair next Thursday in the main gymnasium. ( ① ) More than thirty companies and organizations will set up booths to introduce different careers. ( ② ) Each booth will offer a short activity so visitors can experience a small part of the job. ( ③ ) For example, the engineering booth will let students build a simple model bridge. ( ④ ) In addition, three guest speakers will give short talks about their career paths during the lunch break. ( ⑤ ) Teachers strongly encourage all students to attend.

주어진 문장: In other words, silence breeds even more silence, feeding a self-reinforcing cycle. Communication scholar Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann proposed the spiral of silence theory to explain why certain opinions dominate public discussion while others fade into invisibility. ( ① ) According to this theory, individuals constantly observe their surrounding environment to judge which opinions are widely accepted and which are not. ( ② ) When people sense that their own view belongs to a minority, they often choose to stay silent rather than risk social isolation or criticism. ( ③ ) This silence, however, creates a distorted impression that the minority opinion is even rarer than it actually is, discouraging additional supporters from speaking up. ( ④ ) Over time, this cycle spirals downward, allowing the dominant opinion to appear increasingly unanimous while dissenting voices disappear from visible conversation. ( ⑤ ) Social media platforms can intensify this spiral, since visibility metrics make popular opinions instantly noticeable while unpopular ones remain hidden.