영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

When individuals face uncertainty about how to behave, they frequently look to the actions of others for guidance, ①assuming that a behavior adopted by many people is more likely to be correct or appropriate than one adopted by few, a tendency known as social proof. This reliance on collective behavior can be remarkably efficient, since it allows individuals ②to benefit from the accumulated judgment of a crowd without having to gather and evaluate every relevant fact themselves. However, social proof can also lead entire groups astray when the initial signal that ③trigger imitation is itself unreliable or coincidental. A restaurant that happens to attract a long line early in the evening may continue attracting customers throughout the night simply because passersby ④interpret the queue as evidence of superior quality. Financial markets exhibit an analogous pattern: investors who observe others buying a particular asset often join the buying themselves, ⑤reasoning that so many participants cannot all be mistaken.

A growing number of people are practicing what is now called digital detox, the deliberate decision ①to stop using smartphones for a set period. Rather than checking notifications every few minutes, participants unplug for a weekend, a week, or sometimes even longer. Numerous studies suggest that this temporary withdrawal ②produce real benefits for both the mind and the body. First, attention spans ③fragmented by constant notifications gradually recover, allowing people to concentrate on single tasks for longer stretches. Second, avoiding screens before bedtime improves sleep quality, since blue light ④emitted by devices is known to disrupt natural sleep cycles. Third, people freed from their phones often rediscover the pleasure of face-to-face conversations ⑤that had been replaced by texting.

A documentary director named Mira first traveled to a remote Arctic glacier to film its towering cliffs of blue ice, which seemed frozen in time. Standing before the ①massive wall, she assumed such an enormous structure could hardly change within a lifetime. Five years later, however, she returned to the very same coordinates, expecting her camera to capture an identical scene. Instead, she discovered that the glacier had ②retreated so dramatically that the ice cliffs, once visible from her original position, had nearly ③disappeared, leaving bare rock and pools of meltwater behind. Comparing the two sets of footage side by side, Mira realized that a transformation she had expected to take centuries was actually happening within a single decade. This encounter convinced her that climate change, which she had previously regarded as a ⑤distant statistic, was in fact a ④trivial process reshaping landscapes before her eyes.

Across many countries, high schools begin classes early in the morning, often before eight o'clock. This schedule assumes that teenagers can simply go to bed earlier to compensate, but biology tells a different story. During adolescence, the body's internal clock shifts later, delaying the release of melatonin until well after ten at night. As a result, most teenagers are not physiologically ready to fall asleep until much later than younger children or adults. When early start times force them to wake before their bodies have completed a full sleep cycle, the mismatch accumulates into a chronic sleep debt that affects concentration and mood throughout the school day. Researchers who study this mismatch argue that _______________. Some school districts that delayed their start times by thirty minutes reported improvements in attendance, suggesting that the timing of the school day matters more than commonly assumed.

As more schools shift toward digital textbooks and online assignments, a student without reliable internet access at home faces a disadvantage that has little to do with talent or effort. (A) That assumption is increasingly being reconsidered, particularly as more essential services, from job applications to medical appointments, move online by default. (B) Some policymakers initially treated internet access as a convenience, comparable to cable television, rather than as infrastructure essential to modern life. (C) Closing this divide will require more than simply distributing devices; it will demand sustained investment in the physical networks that carry information into every home.

The twenty-hour rule has become popular among adults who want to pick up new hobbies despite busy schedules. (A) She practiced basic shading and proportion for about ninety minutes each day, carefully tracking her total hours. (B) A woman who always wanted to sketch, for example, decided to test the rule during a two-week vacation. (C) By the time she reached twenty hours, she could produce simple portraits that she was proud to share with friends.

Pop-up stores have become a popular way for brands to create memorable experiences. (A) As a result, visitors often feel a stronger emotional connection to the brand than they would from an ordinary store visit. (B) Because these spaces exist only temporarily, customers feel a sense of urgency to visit before the opportunity disappears. (C) Many brands design these spaces to be visually striking, encouraging visitors to share photographs on social media.

When engineers design the software that controls a self-driving car, they inevitably face a question that philosophers have debated for decades: who should the vehicle protect in an unavoidable crash? (A) This gap between the ideal and the personal choice suggests that ethical programming cannot be settled by public opinion alone. (B) Surveys reveal an uncomfortable contradiction: most people say a car should minimize total harm, yet the same people admit they would never buy a vehicle designed to sacrifice its own owner. (C) Manufacturers, regulators, and philosophers must instead agree on transparent rules before autonomous vehicles are allowed to make such decisions on the road.

This is because a person's interests and strengths can change over the years. Many students take a career aptitude test at some point in high school. ( ① ) This test is designed to measure a person's interests, strengths, and personality traits. ( ② ) It does not simply tell students which job to choose; instead, it helps them understand themselves better. ( ③ ) For example, a student who enjoys solving problems might discover a hidden interest in engineering. ( ④ ) However, the results should be used only as a guide, not as a final answer. ( ⑤ ) Therefore, students should treat the test as a useful starting point, not a fixed decision.

주어진 문장: Yet this strategy of delay backfires, since it leaves no time to revise or correct errors before the deadline. Many students assume that perfectionists work harder than everyone else, but psychologists describe a puzzling pattern called the perfectionism-procrastination cycle. ( ① ) This term describes how an intense fear of imperfect work causes people to delay starting a task rather than begin it. ( ② ) Because perfectionists set impossibly high standards, they often feel anxious before they even begin, and the task feels overwhelming. ( ③ ) They then postpone the work to avoid facing their own unrealistic expectations, even though delay only increases their stress later. ( ④ ) For example, a student writing a research paper might spend hours reorganizing notes instead of composing a single sentence that feels good enough. Likewise, an employee facing an important report may check emails repeatedly rather than begin drafting, fearing an early attempt will seem inadequate. ( ⑤ ) Ironically, this avoidance guarantees the very failure that perfectionists dread, since rushed, last-minute work rarely meets their own high standards.