영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Many large companies now rely on artificial intelligence ①to screen job applications before a human ever sees them. These systems promise efficiency, scanning thousands of resumes in seconds and ranking candidates according to patterns ②drawn from previous hiring decisions. However, this reliance on historical data creates a troubling risk. If a company's past hiring favored a particular group, the algorithm may learn to treat that pattern as a marker of success and quietly reproduce it, even when no one ③intending discrimination. Unlike a human interviewer, the system offers no explanation for its choices, which makes the bias difficult ④to detect until an outside audit reveals it. Some researchers argue that fairness cannot be added afterward; it must ⑤be built into the system's design from the very beginning.

Policymakers seeking to improve public welfare without restricting individual freedom have increasingly embraced an approach ①known as nudging, which alters the environment in which choices are made rather than mandating particular outcomes. A nudge preserves every option that ②was previously available; it simply arranges those options so that the choice deemed most beneficial becomes easier or more visible than the alternatives. Placing fruit at eye level in a school cafeteria while keeping dessert accessible but less prominent, for instance, ③do not forbid any student from choosing dessert, yet it measurably shifts consumption patterns toward healthier food. Advocates argue that such interventions ④respect autonomy precisely because no option is removed and no penalty is imposed for choosing differently. Critics, however, contend that even subtle architectural choices exploit predictable cognitive shortcuts, ⑤raising questions about whether influencing behavior through psychological means is meaningfully different from more coercive forms of persuasion.

One Saturday morning, Jiho carried a heavy bag of old clothes to the donation box near his apartment. He had grown ①shorter over the winter, so many shirts no longer fit him. At first, he almost threw the clothes into the regular trash without thinking twice. However, his older sister reminded him that ②clean clothes could still help someone else. She explained that donating clothes was like giving a plant a second chance to grow. For example, a jacket he had ③outgrown might keep another child warm this winter. Therefore, Jiho folded each shirt ④neatly and placed them gently inside the box. In contrast to his first careless idea, he now felt ⑤genuinely happy about his choice.

As more schools shift toward digital textbooks and online assignments, a student without reliable internet access at home faces a disadvantage that has little to do with talent or effort. Some policymakers initially treated internet access as a convenience, comparable to cable television, rather than as infrastructure essential to modern life. That assumption is increasingly being reconsidered, particularly as _______________. Closing this divide will require more than simply distributing devices.

For patients born with a single faulty gene, the disease has traditionally been treated indirectly, managing symptoms for a lifetime rather than addressing the genetic error itself. Gene therapy attempts something more ambitious: delivering a corrected copy of the gene directly into a patient's cells, often using a disabled virus as a delivery vehicle. Once inside the nucleus, the corrected gene can begin producing the protein the patient's body had always lacked, in some cases reversing symptoms that medication alone had never been able to touch. Early trials were haunted by serious setbacks, including cases in which the delivery virus triggered a dangerous immune reaction or inserted the new gene in a location that disrupted other essential genes. _______________.

Air conditioners make summer days more comfortable, but using them incorrectly can harm your health. Many people set the temperature far below the outdoor temperature to cool down quickly. However, doctors recommend ___________. A larger gap forces your body to adjust constantly, which can weaken your immune system and cause headaches, fatigue, and a stuffy nose.

Picture a woman who receives a plain ceramic mug as a free gift at a conference and, later that afternoon, refuses to sell it for anything less than triple its price in the gift shop downstairs. (A) In fact, before she owned the mug, she would never have paid extra for it; once it became hers, however, its value in her mind rose sharply, simply because she now possessed it. (B) Researchers have repeatedly observed this pattern across many everyday objects, from coffee mugs and concert tickets to office chairs and old furniture inherited from relatives. (C) Owners consistently demand more money to give something up than buyers are willing to offer for that very same item, revealing a curious asymmetry rooted purely in possession itself. Some economists argue that this effect explains why negotiations over inherited property so often collapse, since each side quietly attaches a different value to what it currently holds. Understanding this bias, therefore, helps explain why simply owning something, even briefly, can distort how fairly people judge its true worth.

주어진 문장: Creating a convincing avatar, in other words, is far more complex than simply choosing a picture. The metaverse, a network of interconnected virtual worlds, has begun to generate job opportunities that did not exist just a few years ago. ( ① ) Companies now hire virtual world designers who build digital environments where users can socialize, shop, or attend events. Avatar designers create digital identities that represent users within these spaces, blending artistic skill with technical programming knowledge. ( ② ) Meanwhile, virtual event planners organize concerts, conferences, and product launches entirely within online platforms, reaching audiences that would be impossible to gather in person. ( ③ ) Some analysts remain skeptical, pointing out that the metaverse has not yet attracted the massive user base that early predictions promised. ( ④ ) Nevertheless, major companies continue investing heavily in this technology. ( ⑤ ) For students considering future careers, gaining skills in three-dimensional design and coding may prove valuable.

주어진 문장: In contrast, a cloth bag can be used again and again for many years. Attention, students and teachers! Our school is starting a new campaign called 'Bring Your Own Bag.' ① Starting next Monday, the school store will no longer offer free plastic bags to customers. ② Instead, we encourage everyone to bring a reusable shopping bag from home. ③ Plastic bags, which are made from petroleum, take hundreds of years to break down in the environment. ④ Therefore, using a reusable bag is a simple habit that protects sea animals and reduces pollution. ⑤ For example, students who bring their own bags will receive a small sticker as a reward. However, students who forget their bags may still purchase a paper bag for a small fee. We hope every student will join this easy and meaningful campaign. Thank you for helping our school become greener.

주어진 문장: It felt like the longest silence of my entire life. Every morning, our broadcasting club airs a short news program for the entire school. Last Tuesday, I was chosen to read the weather report for the very first time. ① My hands were shaking as the red light on the camera turned on. Halfway through my sentence, I suddenly forgot the next line completely. ② For a few seconds, only silence filled the studio, and I could hear my own heartbeat. ③ My partner Minho, who was sitting beside me, quickly slid the script closer to me. I took a deep breath and calmly continued reading from where I had stopped. ④ Somehow, my voice sounded steadier than I expected, and I finished the report smoothly. After the broadcast ended, several classmates told me they had not even noticed the pause. ⑤ That morning taught me that small mistakes rarely matter as much as we fear.