영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Last Saturday, Jimin visited the recycling center near her apartment with her science class. She ①had expected the place to be dirty and unpleasant, but the center looked clean and well organized. A worker named Mr. Park guided the students through each area, ②explaining how bottles, cans, and paper were sorted. He showed them a machine ③that crushed plastic bottles into small pieces before they were sent to factories. Jimin was surprised to learn that mixed trash, ④thrown into the wrong bin, often ruined an entire batch of recyclables. For example, one greasy pizza box could contaminate a whole pile of clean paper. However, when items were sorted correctly, they could be reused many times, almost like ingredients in a favorite recipe. ⑤Walked home, Jimin realized that her small effort at home truly mattered.

On the first day of winter break, my friend Yuna and I sat in a cafe and talked about the new year ahead. Instead of making separate plans, we decided to write our goals ①together on one sheet of paper. At first, it felt ②exciting, but after two weeks, I began to feel tired and wanted to quit. Yuna noticed my short replies and ③ignored me instead of just texting. She reminded me why I had chosen this goal in the first place, and her words gave me new ④energy. Because we supported each other through difficult moments, both of us successfully ⑤reached our goals by spring.

The term green premium describes the ①reduced cost that consumers must pay when they choose an environmentally friendly product or energy source over a conventional, cheaper alternative. For example, an electric vehicle or solar-powered appliance often carries a higher price tag than its gasoline-powered or coal-based counterpart, even though it produces fewer emissions over time. This price gap frequently ②discourages shoppers who support sustainability in principle but cannot justify the additional expense within a limited household budget. In contrast, wealthier consumers can ③absorb the premium more easily, which creates unequal participation in green markets. To ④narrow this gap, governments have introduced subsidies and tax credits that lower upfront costs, while companies invest in research to make clean technologies cheaper to manufacture. As production scales up and innovation continues, many economists expect the green premium to ⑤shrink steadily, eventually making sustainable choices the more affordable option for most consumers.

The science club at Hanul High School is running a project called "Grow Light." It tests how different colors of light affect plant growth. Each week, members place ①identical bean sprouts under red, blue, and white light and record their height. At first, many students expected the white light to produce the tallest plants. However, the results showed that plants under red light grew ②noticeably faster than the others. The club's advisor explained this by comparing light to food. Just as people need certain nutrients to grow strong, plants absorb certain colors of light more ③efficiently than others. To make the data ④reliable, students repeat each trial three times and calculate the average. They also keep a shared notebook, recording sunlight, watering time, and temperature. Next month, the club plans to ⑤hide these findings at the school science fair.

Imagine rewriting a bacterium's code the way a programmer edits a line of software, and much of what synthetic biology promises begins to make sense. Researchers in this field assemble standardized genetic parts into circuits that can be inserted into a cell, instructing it to perform a task that no natural organism would carry out. Because these circuits are built from interchangeable parts rather than designed from scratch each time, _______________. Critics note that biological systems rarely behave as predictably as electronic circuits, since a gene inserted into a new cell can interact with existing pathways in unexpected ways. Even so, as the catalog of standardized parts keeps expanding, engineers are gaining confidence to design increasingly complex systems.

Not all obstacles to renewable energy are technical or financial; some are psychological. (A) In contrast, switching demands research, upfront cost, and trust in unfamiliar technology, all of which can seem risky compared with doing nothing. For example, a neighborhood association might repeatedly postpone a vote on shared solar panels, not because the plan is flawed, but because members are reluctant to leave their routine. Therefore, boosting renewable adoption may depend less on proving its advantages and more on designing programs that make the first step feel easy. (B) Behavioral economists use the term status quo bias to describe a tendency to prefer the present situation over a new alternative, even when the alternative would bring greater benefits. (C) This bias helps explain why many households hesitate to switch to renewable energy, such as installing solar panels on their roofs. Although solar panels can lower electricity bills over time, homeowners often stick with their current power source because it feels safe and requires no immediate effort.

Social proof does not operate uniformly; its influence intensifies under specific conditions. (A) It grows especially powerful, for instance, when the situation is ambiguous and individuals lack a clear, independent basis for judging the correct course of action. (B) Conversely, when a task offers unambiguous, verifiable evidence, individuals rely far less on the behavior of others, since they can evaluate the situation directly for themselves. (C) This contrast implies that social proof functions primarily as a substitute for missing information, stepping in precisely where individual certainty runs out.

The anchoring effect is not limited to shopping decisions; it also plays a subtle but powerful role in legal and financial judgments. (A) Similarly, jurors who are told that a plaintiff is seeking an unusually large sum in damages tend to award higher compensation than jurors who hear no specific figure at all, even when the evidence presented is identical. (B) This pattern suggests that anchors can distort judgments requiring careful, case-by-case reasoning, not merely quick, intuitive estimates of price. (C) For instance, experienced judges asked to set a sentence after being exposed to an arbitrary number, such as one generated by rolling dice, have been shown in experimental settings to hand down harsher sentences when the number was high.

주어진 문장: The program combines short lectures with hands-on planning activities. The Hopeful Start Workshop will be held on January 10th at the Green Hill Community Center. ( ① ) This event is designed to help students set clear and realistic goals for the new year. ( ② ) The workshop will run from two to four in the afternoon in the second-floor meeting room. ( ③ ) Participants will learn simple methods for writing goals that are specific and easy to measure. ( ④ ) The workshop is open to all middle and high school students, and no experience is required. ( ⑤ ) Registration is free, but seats are limited to thirty people, so early sign-up is recommended.

주어진 문장: Because the videos looked completely unscripted, audiences trusted them in a way that polished commercials rarely achieve. When a beverage company launched a new flavor last summer, the marketing team faced a tight budget and needed a creative solution. ( ① ) Instead of relying on expensive television commercials, they designed a simple dance challenge and invited a handful of everyday users to post videos using the product. ( ② ) Within days, thousands of people began recreating the dance and tagging the brand, turning an ordinary product launch into a viral trend. ( ③ ) Because participants created the content themselves, viewers found the videos far more entertaining than a traditional advertisement would have been. ( ④ ) The company barely spent any money on production, yet the challenge reached millions of viewers across multiple platforms. ( ⑤ ) Encouraged by this success, other brands quickly attempted similar challenges, though many failed to generate the same excitement.