영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Choice architecture refers to how decisions are ①designed. It determines which option is automatically selected unless a person chooses otherwise, ②known as the default option. Research consistently shows that people tend to stick with whatever is already set, even when changing it takes only seconds. Organ donation is a well-known example. Countries ③which citizens are automatically registered as donors unless they opt out show much higher donation rates than opt-in countries. Retirement savings programs show a similar pattern, since employees ④automatically enrolled in a pension plan rarely cancel it. Voluntary sign-ups, in contrast, often delay indefinitely. Critics argue that default options can be manipulated to benefit companies, so transparency about how defaults are chosen becomes essential, and supporters insist it should be designed ⑤to support people's long-term interests.

Attention, students! Our school festival is going green this year, and we truly need your help. This event aims to ①reduce the disposable waste that usually piles up during the celebration. First, please bring your own cup, plate, and utensils to every food booth you visit. Second, each booth should use ②reusable decorations rather than paper banners that get thrown away within hours. Students who join as Green Helpers will manage the recycling stations, sorting cans, bottles, and paper ③carefully all day long. Therefore, everyone's small cooperation will directly ④increase the amount of trash sent to the landfill. However, single-use plastic bags are ⑤strictly prohibited at every booth this year.

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment known as green jobs has expanded rapidly. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs is not always simple, since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed to help such workers shift smoothly into renewable energy careers. As climate goals become more urgent worldwide, ___________.

Military researchers have developed weapons systems capable of identifying and engaging targets without a human pressing the final button. Advocates argue that autonomous systems can react faster than any human operator. Human rights organizations counter that removing a person from the final decision strips away moral responsibility, since _______________. Diplomatic negotiations toward an international treaty have repeatedly stalled, partly because military powers disagree on how to define autonomy precisely enough to regulate it.

Last New Year's Day, I wrote three goals in my diary: reading more books, exercising regularly, and saving money for a bicycle. Today, exactly one year later, I opened that old page and smiled at how much had changed. I did not finish all twelve books I had planned, but I read six, which was still more than the year before. My exercise habit became the biggest surprise, and saving money was harder than I expected since unexpected expenses kept appearing. Still, I saved enough for half of the bicycle. Looking back, I realized that ___________, and I kept trying, adjusted my methods, and learned something new about myself along the way.

Job experience programs let students try out real workplaces for a short time. (A) For example, some students spend a day at a hospital, a bakery, or a design studio. (B) In this way, students gain a clearer picture of what each job truly involves. (C) During the visit, they observe workers and sometimes try simple tasks themselves.

This is because undercooked meat, fish, and eggs can carry harmful bacteria that cause illness. Food poisoning cases increase sharply during the hot summer months, so make sure that meat, fish, and eggs are cooked thoroughly before eating. ( ① ) High temperatures allow bacteria to grow quickly in food that is not stored properly. ( ② ) To protect yourself, always wash your hands with soap before preparing food. ( ③ ) Keep perishable food in the refrigerator, and never leave it out at room temperature for more than two hours. ( ④ ) It is also wise to use separate cutting boards for raw meat and vegetables. ( ⑤ ) If you experience symptoms such as stomach pain or vomiting, seek medical help promptly.

I had never before been asked to look at anything for that long without moving on. Our class field trip to the national art museum began with a worksheet that I initially found annoying, since it asked us to stand in front of a single painting for a full five minutes before moving on. ( ① ) Five minutes felt unbearably long for one picture, and I nearly skipped ahead to the next room. ( ② ) Forcing myself to stay, however, I began noticing details that a quick glance would have missed entirely: a faint second figure hidden in the shadows, brushstrokes that grew rougher toward the edges of the canvas, a color repeated in three unrelated corners. ( ③ ) My initial impression of the painting as simply pleasant slowly became something closer to fascination. ( ④ ) Our teacher later explained that most museum visitors spend under fifteen seconds per artwork on average, which means they experience galleries as a blur of images rather than as individual works. ( ⑤ ) That single afternoon taught me that patience, not expertise, is often the only thing separating a bored visitor from an amazed one.

주어진 문장: This is why many coaches encourage athletes to keep their pre-game rituals exactly the same, even when circumstances change. Psychologists who study daily behavior describe habits through a model called the cue-routine-reward loop. ( ① ) This theory explains that every habit begins with a cue, a signal that tells the brain to start an automatic behavior. ( ② ) The brain then performs a routine, which is the action itself, whether physical or mental. ( ③ ) Finally, the brain receives a reward, a positive feeling that makes it want to repeat the same behavior. ( ④ ) For example, a notification sound can act as a cue that leads a student to check a phone, and the relief from boredom becomes the reward. Similarly, opening a refrigerator out of habit rather than hunger shows how a routine can run without conscious thought. Because this loop operates automatically, breaking a bad habit requires changing the routine while keeping the same cue and reward. ( ⑤ ) Understanding this structure helps people redesign daily patterns more effectively than relying on willpower alone.

주어진 문장: Determined not to give up completely, she decided to find out what had gone wrong. Last January, Minji decided that she would run three kilometers every morning before school. ( ① ) For the first week, she woke up early and ran happily, feeling proud of her new habit. ( ② ) However, after a few cold mornings, she began oversleeping, and soon she stopped running altogether. ( ③ ) By February, she felt disappointed and believed she simply lacked willpower. ( ④ ) One evening, her older brother asked her why the plan had failed, and together they looked closely at her daily schedule. ( ⑤ ) They realized that running before sunrise in freezing weather had been too difficult to maintain, so she changed her plan and decided to run after school instead, when the weather was warmer and she had more energy.