영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

On the first day of winter break, my friend Yuna and I sat in a cafe and talked about the new year ahead. Instead of ①making separate plans, we decided to write our goals together on one sheet of paper. Yuna wanted ②improving her English speaking, while I wanted to wake up earlier every morning. We agreed ③to text each other every night to report what we had done that day. Yuna, ④who noticed my short replies, called me instead of just texting. Because we supported each other through difficult moments, both of us ⑤successfully reached our goals by spring.

In recent years, mental health experts have ①identified a distinct emotional response to environmental crisis, commonly called eco-anxiety. Eco-anxiety describes persistent worry, grief, or fear ②triggered by awareness of climate change and its consequences for the future. Although people of all ages can experience it, teenagers and young adults seem especially vulnerable, since they ③anticipate living through decades of worsening conditions. Common symptoms include difficulty sleeping, a sense of hopelessness, and guilt over ordinary choices such as travel or diet. For example, some students report ④feeling paralyzed whenever they read alarming climate news, unable to focus on schoolwork or hobbies. However, experts emphasize that eco-anxiety is not a disorder to be eliminated but a natural reaction that can be channeled productively. Rather than avoiding the topic, young people are encouraged to join community projects, since taking constructive action tends to ⑤restoring a sense of control and ease overwhelming distress.

Psychologist Roy Baumeister proposed a concept ①called ego depletion theory, which suggests that willpower functions like a muscle that gradually tires after repeated use. According to this theory, every act of self-control, from resisting a snack to concentrating on difficult homework, ②draws from the same limited mental resource. As this resource becomes depleted throughout the day, later decisions ③require more effort and are more likely to fail. For instance, someone who exercises discipline avoiding distractions all morning may struggle ④to resist checking a phone by evening. Likewise, dieters report that self-control weakens sharply at night, after hours of resisting food. Some researchers argue that short breaks, adequate sleep, and blood sugar levels can help restore this depleted resource. Although later studies have questioned how strong this effect is, the theory still ⑤offer a useful framework for understanding why willpower seems to fade throughout a long day.

After an especially demanding training session, the instinct to collapse onto a couch and remain motionless is understandable, yet exercise physiologists increasingly recommend the ①opposite approach. Active recovery involves performing low-intensity movement, such as a light jog, an easy swim, or a gentle bike ride, on days following intense exertion rather than resting completely. This gentle activity keeps blood circulating through tired muscles, which appears to help ②clear metabolic byproducts that accumulate during hard exercise more efficiently than complete stillness does. Some athletes worry that any movement at all will interfere with the repair process, but research suggests that truly light activity ③accelerates healing considerably and may even reduce the perceived soreness that follows a hard session. The key distinction lies entirely in ④intensity: active recovery is not a second workout in disguise but a deliberately gentle session designed to support, rather than compete with, the body's underlying repair ⑤mechanisms.

Willpower is like a muscle that becomes ①tired after being used too much, so people often run out of self-control by the end of a busy day. Many resolutions are unrealistic from the beginning, since people set goals that are far too ②easy to reach in a short time, and when a goal feels impossible, people quickly ③lose motivation and stop trying. Most resolutions do not offer any ④immediate reward, so people find it hard to stay motivated without seeing fast results. Understanding these reasons can help people design goals that are more ⑤realistic and rewarding.

Dear residents, this notice explains how to use our apartment recycling area correctly. The recycling area, located behind the main entrance, is open every day from six to ten in the evening. First, _______________ before dropping them off. Boxes should be flattened, and bottles should be emptied, because dirty items are hard to recycle. However, please do not leave large furniture or electronics in this area at any time. Instead, contact the management office to arrange a separate pickup for those bulky items. For example, broken chairs and old refrigerators require a special sticker before collection. In contrast to ordinary trash, recyclable materials must never be mixed together in one bag. Following these simple rules keeps our shared space tidy for every family.

Fast fashion refers to cheap, trendy clothing produced quickly and replaced almost as fast as it is bought. Because these garments are designed to be worn only a few times, huge amounts of fabric end up in landfills every year, and the dyeing process pollutes rivers near factories. In contrast, a growing number of brands are turning toward the circular economy, _______________. For example, some companies collect old clothes, break down the fibers, and weave them into new fabric, while others let customers rent outfits for special occasions rather than buying garments they will barely wear. These approaches keep resources circulating within the system longer, reducing demand for raw materials. Therefore, shifting from a throwaway habit toward a circular one may be essential for making the fashion industry sustainable.

Last spring, Mina joined the school environmental club because she wanted to make a difference. At first, she felt nervous about speaking in front of the other members. However, the club leader, who had been recycling for years, welcomed her warmly. Every Friday, the members walked around the school picking up trash near the playground. Mina soon realized that this weekly habit was like watering a small plant every day. For example, a single plastic bottle left outside could take hundreds of years to disappear. Therefore, the club decided to place clear recycling bins in every classroom. In contrast to her early doubts, Mina _______________. Her classmates started separating cans and paper without being reminded by teachers. By the end of the semester, Mina had become an active member.

주어진 문장: In other words, the default option is far more powerful than most people realize. Choice architecture refers to how decisions are designed. It determines which option is automatically selected unless a person chooses otherwise, known as the default option. ( ① ) Research consistently shows that people tend to stick with whatever is already set, even when changing it takes only seconds. ( ② ) Organ donation is a well-known example. Countries where citizens are automatically registered as donors unless they opt out show much higher donation rates than opt-in countries. ( ③ ) Retirement savings programs show a similar pattern, since employees automatically enrolled in a pension plan rarely cancel it. Voluntary sign-ups, in contrast, often delay indefinitely. ( ④ ) Critics argue that default options can be manipulated to benefit companies rather than individuals, so transparency about how defaults are chosen becomes essential. ( ⑤ ) Still, supporters insist that because some default must always exist, it should support people's own long-term interests rather than mere institutional convenience.

주어진 문장: Once he missed a single day, he found it much easier to miss the next one as well. Jihun made a resolution to study English for two hours every day. ( ① ) For the first three days, he studied exactly as planned and felt proud of himself. ( ② ) On the fourth day, however, he skipped his study time because he was too exhausted. ( ③ ) Within a week, his resolution had disappeared completely. ( ④ ) Feeling disappointed, Jihun talked to his older sister, who suggested that he try a smaller, more realistic goal instead of a large one. ( ⑤ ) Following her advice, Jihun changed his plan to studying English for only twenty minutes each night, and this small goal felt less overwhelming.