영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Last Saturday, the temperature outside reached almost thirty-eight degrees, so my family ①decided to stay indoors for the entire day. In the morning, we visited a nearby indoor climbing gym, ②where I learned some basic climbing techniques from an instructor. After lunch, we went to a small museum that ③having a special exhibition about ocean animals. My younger brother was especially excited ④to see the huge whale model hanging from the ceiling. In the afternoon, we played board games at a cafe ⑤that offered dozens of different games to choose from.

Every day, people throw away piles of used paper without ①thinking about where it goes. However, most of that paper does not have to end up in a landfill. Instead, it can travel to a recycling factory and become brand new paper again. First, workers collect old newspapers, boxes, and notebooks ②left in recycling bins. These papers are then soaked in water and ③turned into soft, mushy pulp. You can think of this process like breaking a cookie back into flour and water. For example, ink and small pieces of plastic ④is removed from the pulp during this stage. The clean pulp is pressed into thin sheets and ⑤dried in large machines. Therefore, a wrinkled old newspaper can be reborn as clean white paper. In contrast to throwing paper away, recycling it saves trees and reduces waste.

Many companies today advertise their products as environmentally friendly, yet not all of these claims are ①accurate. Consumers, who are increasingly ②concerned about climate change, often trust such claims without questioning them closely. As a result, they may pay ③higher prices for products that are no more sustainable than ordinary alternatives. Genuine environmental efforts, which usually require significant investment and long-term planning, are far more ④costly than simply changing a label. Therefore, governments should establish clear standards that require companies to prove their environmental claims with ⑤unverifiable data.

Imagine watching a fair coin land on heads five times in a row and feeling an increasingly strong intuition that the next flip is somehow due to produce tails. This intuition, though psychologically ① compelling, rests on a basic misunderstanding of probability, since each flip of a fair coin remains entirely ② independent of every flip that came before it. The coin possesses no memory of its previous outcomes, and its probability of landing on tails on the sixth flip stays ③ fixed at fifty percent regardless of how many heads preceded it. Casinos have long profited from this misconception, watching gamblers place larger bets after a losing streak simply because they ④ mistakenly believe that a win has become statistically overdue. Economists have even documented the same error among trained professionals, including loan officers who grow more likely to approve a risky application simply because they recently rejected several applications ⑤ sporadically.

Retailers use a variety of techniques designed to encourage customers to make unplanned purchases. Placing small, inexpensive items near checkout counters, for example, tempts shoppers who are already waiting in line with little else to do. Online stores achieve a similar effect through countdown timers that create a false sense of urgency, suggesting that a deal will vanish within minutes. Bright colors, cheerful music, and pleasant scents are also carefully chosen to put customers in a relaxed mood, making them less likely to think critically about their spending. Critics argue that these tactics ___________. Supporters of the industry insist that such techniques merely make shopping more enjoyable and are not inherently deceptive.

Many students who reach their goals share one habit: they picture the goal clearly before they even start working. This process, called visualization, means imagining a goal in detail, often by drawing pictures or writing specific descriptions. For example, a student who dreams of studying abroad might make a board filled with photos of a foreign campus and a list of steps to get there. Seeing these images every day keeps the goal fresh in mind, and researchers have found that this simple habit works because ___________.

This January, our school will run a New Year Goal-Setting Campaign for every student. (A) First, each student will receive a goal card in homeroom class and write one personal goal along with two steps to reach it. (B) Afterward, all the cards will be displayed on the bulletin board outside the library for everyone to see. (C) Once the card is complete, students must submit it to their homeroom teacher by January 9th.

Our school will hold a special event to help students start the new year with clear goals. (A) On Friday, January 30th, every student is invited to share one personal goal in the main auditorium in front of classmates and teachers. (B) Each presentation should last no longer than two minutes and may include a poster or simple props to explain the goal clearly. (C) Students who wish to participate must submit a short outline to their homeroom teacher by January 23rd.

주어진 문장: Relieved, he watched his teammates continue the race with newfound energy. During the sports day relay race, Jun was nervous, and his hands were shaking as he waited for the baton. ① When his turn came, he grabbed the baton but nearly dropped it while turning the first corner. ② His teammates, watching from the field, shouted his name and encouraged him to keep running. Even though Jun felt embarrassed, their cheering gave him confidence to focus on the runner ahead of him. ③ As he handed the baton smoothly to the next runner, he realized that the team's effort mattered more than his mistake. ④ After the race, his teammates gathered around him and said that his recovery had kept the team in the competition. ⑤ Jun understood then that teamwork means supporting each other even after something goes wrong. His class did not win first place, but they celebrated together as if they had.

주어진 문장: In short, Fogg's model reminds us that ease of action, not sheer willpower, drives lasting behavior change. Many people believe that building a new habit requires strong willpower or motivation. ( ① ) However, psychologist BJ Fogg argues that habits form more easily when a behavior itself becomes simple to perform. ( ② ) His theory, called the Fogg Behavior Model, states that a behavior happens only when motivation, ability, and a prompt occur together. When motivation is low, the task must be made extremely easy, or it will not happen at all. ( ③ ) For instance, a person who wants to exercise daily succeeds more often by committing to one push-up than to a long workout. Fogg calls this idea the law of least effort, since people naturally choose the option requiring the least energy. ( ④ ) A student who wants to read more might leave a book open on the desk rather than setting a vague goal. By lowering the required effort, people reduce the ability barrier and make steady action far more achievable. ( ⑤ )