영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

A plastic bag that fully decomposes within months rather than lingering for centuries sounds almost too convenient to be real, yet certain bioplastics on the market ①do exactly that under the right conditions. Unlike conventional plastic, derived almost entirely from petroleum, many bioplastics are ②synthesized from renewable feedstocks such as corn starch or sugarcane, sometimes with the help of bacteria engineered to produce plastic-like polymers as a byproduct of their metabolism. Not every bioplastic biodegrades quickly, however, and some marketed as eco-friendly break down only in industrial composting facilities ③that reach conditions rarely found in a backyard compost heap or the open ocean. Critics point out that growing crops for bioplastic production can compete with food crops for farmland and water, ④complicating the assumption that a biological origin automatically makes a material more sustainable. Researchers are now exploring bioplastics made from agricultural waste and algae instead of dedicated crops, hoping to ⑤sidestepping this competition for land while preserving the benefits that first made bioplastics appealing.

Every day, people throw away piles of used paper without ①thinking about where it goes. However, most of that paper does not have to end up in a landfill. Instead, it can travel to a recycling factory and become brand new paper again. First, workers collect old newspapers, boxes, and notebooks ②left in recycling bins. These papers are then soaked in water and ③turned into soft, mushy pulp. You can think of this process like breaking a cookie back into flour and water. For example, ink and small pieces of plastic ④is removed from the pulp during this stage. The clean pulp is pressed into thin sheets and ⑤dried in large machines. Therefore, a wrinkled old newspaper can be reborn as clean white paper. In contrast to throwing paper away, recycling it saves trees and reduces waste.

Limited-edition products are goods that ①are released in small quantities for a short period of time. Many companies use this strategy because scarcity naturally ②increases how much people desire an item. For instance, a sneaker company that releases only a few thousand pairs of a special design can generate long lines outside stores overnight, ③drawing attention from collectors worldwide. However, this psychological pressure can lead to purchases that ④are driven by fear rather than genuine need. Marketers, aware of this pattern, ⑤continues to design new limited releases because urgency reliably drives sales.

City governments increasingly market dense networks of surveillance cameras as a straightforward safety upgrade, ①promising faster emergency response and lower crime rates. In many cases, the technology delivers exactly what it promises, ②helping investigators identify suspects within hours rather than weeks. Yet the same infrastructure that catches criminals also creates a permanent record of where ordinary, law-abiding citizens ③go about their daily lives. Once a camera network exists, its purpose can quietly expand, often without new public debate or explicit approval. Civil liberties groups argue that a city should decide how much surveillance it wants before the cameras go up, not years afterward when the infrastructure ④is already impossible removing. Convenience installed today, in other words, can quietly ⑤become control tomorrow.

Carbon neutrality refers to a state in which the amount of greenhouse gases a country or company releases into the atmosphere is ①balanced by the amount it removes, resulting in zero net emissions. Achieving this goal typically requires several sequential stages rather than a single sudden action. First, organizations attempt to ②reduce emissions directly by replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power. Next, they ③improve efficiency throughout their operations, minimizing the energy wasted during production and transportation. Only after these direct measures have been ④maximized do most organizations turn to offsetting, which involves funding projects like reforestation or carbon capture to compensate for emissions that cannot yet be eliminated. Critics argue, however, that some companies exploit offsetting too early, using it to avoid making genuine reductions. Therefore, experts insist that a ⑤flawed roadmap must always prioritize actual emission cuts before relying on compensation.

Dear residents, we are writing to explain how to separate food waste ①correctly in our building. Many people still throw food waste into the general trash, which causes ②bad smells. Therefore, this notice describes the exact steps you should follow every day. First, please use the special yellow bin near the parking lot for all food scraps. Fruit peels, vegetable ends, and leftover rice belong in this bin, not in a plastic bag. However, ③soft items such as eggshells and bones must go into the general trash instead. In addition, please drain ④excess liquid from your food waste before throwing it away. This simple habit, which only takes a few seconds, keeps the area ⑤clean and dry. For example, tea bags should never be placed in the food waste bin. Thank you for helping our neighborhood stay pleasant.

More and more teenagers today dream of starting their own business someday. Some students design and sell handmade jewelry online, while others create simple mobile apps as a hobby. Starting a small business also teaches skills that traditional classes rarely offer, such as managing money, marketing a product, and handling customer complaints. However, young entrepreneurs face real challenges too, and mistakes can feel discouraging at first. Still, most teen entrepreneurs say that ___________. For this reason, schools are beginning to offer entrepreneurship clubs, giving students a safe space to test their business ideas.

Our school's book club, Page Turners, meets every Wednesday to discuss a book the members chose. At the start of each month, students suggest titles and vote to pick one. This way, everyone feels some ownership over what the club reads next. Before each meeting, members read several chapters and prepare a few questions. During the meeting, the leader opens discussion by asking a question about the story's main idea. Then members take turns sharing their opinions, even when they disagree with each other. For example, students once argued for a long time about a character's difficult choice. Such debates, though sometimes loud, help members understand different points of view. At the end of the semester, the club holds an event to recommend favorite books. Through this process, reading becomes _______________.

Minjun used to leave half of his lunch tray full of untouched rice and vegetables every day. (A) However, his teacher explained that leftover food thrown away every day adds up to a huge amount of waste. She compared uneaten food to money dropped carelessly on the street, which nobody bothers to pick up. (B) Last spring, his class started a campaign called "Clean Plate Day" to reduce food waste, but at first, Minjun thought it sounded boring and unnecessary for someone like him. (C) This comparison surprised Minjun because he had never thought about food that way before. He decided to take only what he could finish and to try new vegetables slowly. Within a few weeks, his tray was almost always empty, and he felt proud of the change. Other students noticed his effort and began doing the same thing.

주어진 문장: This small effort makes the recycling process faster and more efficient for everyone. Dear residents, this notice explains how to use our apartment recycling area correctly. The recycling area, located behind the main entrance, is open every day from six to ten in the evening. ① First, sort your items into the labeled sections for paper, plastic, glass, and cans before dropping them off. ② Boxes should be flattened, and bottles should be emptied, because dirty items are hard to recycle. However, please do not leave large furniture or electronics in this area at any time. ③ Instead, contact the management office to arrange a separate pickup for those bulky items. For example, broken chairs and old refrigerators require a special sticker before collection. ④ In contrast to ordinary trash, recyclable materials must never be mixed together in one bag. ⑤ Following these simple rules keeps our shared space tidy for every family.