영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Adaptive learning apps promise something no traditional classroom can easily offer: a lesson plan that adjusts itself to each individual student in real time. As a student answers practice questions, the app ①tracks which concepts are mastered and which remain shaky, then quietly reshuffles the next set of problems to target the weaker areas. Early studies suggest that this ②personalized pacing can help struggling students catch up faster than a one-size-fits-all worksheet ever could. However, critics ③caution that an app cannot replace the encouragement, humor, and flexibility a human teacher brings to a lesson, especially when a student is frustrated rather than simply behind. There is also a subtler concern: students who grow used to ④instant, algorithm-generated feedback may struggle later with the slower, more ambiguous kind of feedback that real-world tasks and mentors typically provide, which could ⑤strengthen their ability to handle uncertainty outside the app.

Last summer, our neighborhood association invited students to help paint a mural on the long wall beside the community center, and nearly forty volunteers with completely different painting abilities showed up on the first day. I worried that combining so many different skill levels would create an ①ugly, mismatched result, since some volunteers had painted for years while others, including me, had never held a large brush before. The project leader solved this by dividing the huge design into small, connected sections and assigning each volunteer a section matched to their ②comfort level, from simple solid-color backgrounds to detailed flowers. Beginners filled in wide open skies, while experienced painters added fine details like veins on leaves or shadows under birds. When the plastic sheets finally came down, the mural looked remarkably ③unified, not despite the many different hands involved, but because each hand had been given a task ④unrelated to what it could do well, which made the ⑤collaboration feel effortless in the end.

Long before humans learned to drill for oil, microorganisms had already mastered the art of converting sunlight and carbon dioxide into stored chemical energy. Modern biofuel research borrows this ability, cultivating algae or engineered bacteria in large tanks where they can be coaxed into producing oils and sugars that can be refined into fuel usable in existing engines. _______________. Engineers have also learned to tinker with the metabolic pathways of these organisms, boosting oil yield far beyond what any wild strain would naturally produce on its own. Despite this progress, producing biofuel at a cost competitive with fossil fuel remains difficult, since harvesting and processing the organisms consumes a substantial share of the energy the fuel itself will eventually provide.

During exam season last year, our school counselor introduced a weekly drop-in session where students could paint freely for thirty minutes without any instructions or grading. I attended mostly out of curiosity, expecting a relaxing but ultimately pointless activity, since I have never considered myself artistically talented. To my surprise, filling a blank page with color, without worrying whether the result looked good, left me noticeably calmer than scrolling through my phone during the same amount of free time. The counselor explained that _______________. Several classmates who initially came only to avoid studying kept returning on their own afterward. None of us left with a masterpiece, but many of us left the room feeling noticeably lighter than when we had walked in.

Jimin joined the school band club in March, but she had never performed before an audience. The club's first concert was only two weeks away, and everyone felt nervous. (A) Instead of laughing at her mistakes, however, the other members waited patiently and played the section again with her. The drummer, Suho, suggested that she focus on just one part at a time, and slowly her fingers grew more confident. (B) As a result, the club practiced until the melody sounded smooth the night before the concert. When Jimin finally walked onto the stage, she thought of her friends' patience instead of her fear, and the audience's warm applause proved that their support had made the difference. (C) During practice, her hands shook whenever the song reached the chorus, and she kept missing the same chord.

Our film club spent an entire semester making a five-minute short film, and I was startled to learn just how little of that time was actually spent filming. (A) By the time our short film premiered at the school festival, I understood that the visible five minutes represented only a small fraction of the invisible work that had shaped it. (B) We wrote and rewrote the script for nearly a month, then spent another two weeks drawing simple storyboards to plan every camera angle before a single scene was recorded. (C) Filming itself took only two Saturday afternoons, yet editing the footage afterward consumed nearly six additional weeks, as we combed through hours of raw clips to choose the handful of seconds that made it into the final version.

In our elective fashion design class, the first assignment was not to sketch a beautiful outfit but to design clothing for a specific, unusual situation, such as a rainy commute or a wheelchair user's daily routine. (A) My final design looked far simpler than the elaborate sketches some classmates produced, yet our teacher praised it precisely because every choice solved a real problem the wearer would actually face. (B) Researching my chosen situation, a delivery worker who bikes through the city in all weather, changed how I approached the project entirely, since pockets needed to be reachable while cycling and waterproof fabric mattered more than decoration. (C) I initially found the assignment strange, since I had imagined fashion design as primarily about appearance rather than practical problem-solving.

When a classmate began writing her diary entries in elaborate, flowing calligraphy instead of ordinary handwriting, I assumed she was simply trying to make her notebook look decorative. (A) Every stroke has to be planned before the pen touches the paper, since a brush pen cannot be casually corrected once ink has already spread across the page. (B) Curious, I asked her to teach me one afternoon, and I quickly discovered that calligraphy demands far more patience than I had expected. (C) She told me that slowing her hand down to this deliberate pace actually helped her think more clearly, and what began as decoration for her gradually became a kind of meditation.

주어진 문장: This durability is especially evident in modern debates about whether people can truly perform two demanding tasks at once. Long before cognitive scientists possessed the tools to observe the brain directly, Donald Broadbent proposed an influential model suggesting that the human capacity to process incoming sensory information is constrained by a structural bottleneck through which only a single stream of input can pass at any given instant. ( ① ) According to this filter theory, multiple channels of stimulation, such as competing voices in a crowded room, are initially registered at a shallow, physical level, but only one channel is selected for further, meaning-based analysis while the rest are blocked from advancing beyond that early filter. ( ② ) Although later researchers challenged the rigidity of this early selection mechanism, pointing to instances in which unattended information, such as one's own name, nevertheless breaks through and captures awareness, ( ③ ) the core insight that attention imposes a genuine processing limit rather than a mere matter of willpower has remained remarkably durable. ( ④ ) This basic bottleneck principle continues to inform contemporary explanations of why multitasking so reliably degrades performance on demanding tasks. ( ⑤ )

주어진 문장: Two competing technologies have historically vied for dominance in this field: thermal distillation, which relies on evaporation, and membrane-based filtration, which separates salt without boiling the water. Desalination, the process of removing dissolved salts from seawater to produce fresh water, has increasingly been adopted by coastal regions facing chronic water scarcity. ① Most modern facilities rely on reverse osmosis, a technique in which seawater is forced through membranes whose microscopic pores block salt while letting water molecules pass. ② Because this method consumes far less energy than the thermal distillation once dominant in the industry, it has become the preferred choice for large-scale plants. ③ Nevertheless, desalination remains an inherently costly and environmentally burdensome solution, a fact often overlooked amid enthusiasm for ending water shortages. ④ For instance, the process generates a concentrated byproduct called brine, which, when discharged without adequate dilution, can raise local salinity to levels that harm marine life. ⑤ Pumping seawater through membranes at high pressure also demands substantial electricity, so plants powered by fossil fuels can worsen the emissions that intensify drought. Therefore, engineers increasingly argue that desalination should be treated not as a stand-alone remedy but as one component of a broader conservation strategy. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤