영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Many people throw away items ①that they no longer need. However, some students have started ②to buy and sell used goods instead of throwing them away. This practice, often ③called secondhand trading, takes place at flea markets or through simple online apps. When you buy a secondhand book or a used bicycle, you save money and reduce waste at the same time. For example, a jacket that no longer ④fit your older sibling can become a treasure for someone else. Giving an old item to a new owner is like giving a toy a second life. In contrast, throwing away useful items increases the amount of trash that ends up in landfills. Therefore, secondhand trading, ⑤which requires little effort, protects both your wallet and the environment. Small choices like this can make a big difference for our planet.

On the first day of winter break, my friend Yuna and I sat in a cafe and talked about the new year ahead. Instead of ①making separate plans, we decided to write our goals together on one sheet of paper. Yuna wanted ②improving her English speaking, while I wanted to wake up earlier every morning. We agreed ③to text each other every night to report what we had done that day. Yuna, ④who noticed my short replies, called me instead of just texting. Because we supported each other through difficult moments, both of us ⑤successfully reached our goals by spring.

Artificial intelligence has begun to play a surprising role in creative industries ①once thought to be uniquely human. Programs can now compose music, generate paintings, and ②draft short stories within seconds. Some artists welcome this technology, ③used AI tools to explore new styles or overcome creative blocks that once took weeks to resolve. Others, however, argue that AI-generated art lacks the emotional depth ④that comes from genuine human experience. Therefore, artists who learn to work alongside AI, rather than compete against it, may find themselves ⑤with a distinct advantage.

The discovery of CRISPR gene-editing technology gave scientists a tool precise enough ①to correct a single mistaken letter in the human genome, raising hope for curing inherited diseases that have resisted treatment for generations. Yet the same precision that makes CRISPR so promising also makes it dangerous in the wrong hands. Editing a gene in a sperm, egg, or early embryo does not simply change one patient; it alters the genetic code ②passed down to every future generation, a decision no single person should ③allow to make alone. Scientific organizations around the world have therefore drawn a careful line, ④permitting gene editing to treat disease in existing patients while banning any edit that would be inherited by their descendants. Critics worry, however, that this line will become harder to enforce than it ⑤is to draw.

Before making a purchase, most online shoppers now read reviews written by previous customers rather than relying solely on advertisements. These reviews, posted by people who have no financial connection to the seller, often seem more ①trustworthy than promotional claims. Research shows that products with a large number of positive reviews sell significantly ②more than those with few or no reviews at all. However, fake reviews written by paid writers or even automated programs have become a serious problem, ③undermining consumer trust. Platforms that fail to detect these fraudulent posts risk ④gaining credibility with their users, who expect authentic opinions when making decisions. Ultimately, the power of online reviews depends entirely on their perceived ⑤honesty.

Beyond restoring lost function, engineers are now exploring implants and prosthetics designed to give healthy people abilities beyond ordinary human limits, from night vision to reaction times faster than any athlete could achieve through training alone. Supporters frame this as simply the next step in a long history of human enhancement, ①no different in principle from eyeglasses or vaccines, only more direct. Critics counter that earlier enhancements were broadly available to anyone regardless of wealth, while cutting-edge neural and physical implants are likely to remain ②expensive for decades, potentially splitting society into those who can afford enhancement and those who cannot. If such a divide hardens, competitive advantages in school, sports, and the workplace could come to depend ③less on effort than on access to capital. What began as a medical tool for restoring what was lost, in other words, may end up ④preserving the baseline of what counts as an ordinary human being, keeping the definition of "normal" ⑤unchanged for future generations.

Jihun made a resolution to study English for two hours every day, and for the first three days, he followed his plan perfectly. However, on the fourth day, he skipped his study time because he was too exhausted, and his resolution soon disappeared completely. Feeling disappointed, Jihun talked to his older sister, who told him that _______________. Following her advice, Jihun changed his plan to studying English for only twenty minutes each night, and this small goal felt much less overwhelming. He kept it every day for a month and eventually reached his original goal.

The gap between popular belief and scientific evidence about habit formation has surprised many researchers. (A) This finding suggests that people who quit a new habit after only three weeks may simply be giving up too early, not failing at the habit itself. (B) Their results showed that habits took an average of sixty-six days to become automatic, far longer than the widely repeated twenty-one-day figure. (C) To test how long habit formation truly takes, scientists asked volunteers to track a new daily behavior for several months.

주어진 문장: This is because clear goals give the brain a specific target to focus on. Have you ever wondered why some people stay motivated while others give up quickly? ( ① ) The answer often lies in whether they have a clear goal. ( ② ) When people have no specific goal, they usually feel confused about where to start, and their interest fades within days. ( ③ ) For example, a student who simply decides to study harder this year often loses direction because the plan is too vague. ( ④ ) In contrast, a student who sets a clear goal, such as raising an English score by ten points, knows exactly what to do every day. ( ⑤ ) A clear goal also makes progress easy to measure, and noticing small improvements keeps people encouraged.

The practical consequence of this precision has been a dramatic acceleration in the pace of genetic research itself. Bacteria have been cutting up invading viral DNA for billions of years, long before any scientist thought to borrow the trick for use in a laboratory. ( ① ) The CRISPR-Cas9 system, as it is now known, relies on a short guide RNA that matches a specific DNA sequence, leading a scissor-like enzyme called Cas9 directly to that exact location in the genome. ( ② ) Once Cas9 arrives at the target site, it slices both strands of the DNA helix, and the cell's own repair machinery rushes in to mend the cut, often introducing a small change in the process. ( ③ ) By supplying the cell with a template during this repair step, scientists can direct that machinery to insert a specific new sequence. ( ④ ) This goes well beyond merely disabling the original gene. ( ⑤ ) What once required years of painstaking work to alter a single gene can now, with a properly designed guide RNA, be accomplished within days.