영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

The subscription economy refers to a business model ①in which consumers pay a recurring fee to access goods or services rather than owning them outright. One major reason for this growth is convenience, since subscribers no longer need ②to make repeated purchasing decisions once they sign up. Another reason is that companies benefit from predictable revenue, ③what allows them to plan production and marketing more efficiently than with one-time sales. For example, a monthly clothing subscription delivers new outfits automatically, ④saving customers the time and effort of shopping in stores. However, some critics argue that subscriptions encourage people ⑤to pay for services they barely use.

For decades, productivity advice has focused almost entirely on ①managing time efficiently, yet many experts now argue this approach overlooks something important. This alternative approach, ②known as energy management, suggests that controlling personal energy matters more than controlling the clock. Unlike time, which flows at a constant rate, human energy naturally rises and falls in cycles ③shaped by sleep, food, and mental fatigue. A person who tackles difficult tasks during a low-energy period, for instance, may need two hours ④to finish what takes thirty minutes at peak energy. Similarly, someone who forces themselves to keep working without rest often ⑤produce careless mistakes that require additional time to correct later.

Our school's book club, Page Turners, meets every Wednesday to discuss a book the members ①chose. At the start of each month, students suggest titles and vote to pick one. This way, everyone feels some ownership over what the club reads next. Before each meeting, members read several chapters and ②prepare a few questions. During the meeting, the leader opens discussion by ③asking a question about the story's main idea. Then members take turns ④sharing their opinions, even when they disagree with each other. For example, students once argued for a long time about a character's difficult choice. Such debates, though sometimes loud, help members understand different points of view. At the end of the semester, the club holds an event ⑤recommending favorite books.

As artificial intelligence becomes part of everyday life, entirely new job titles are ①appearing in the workplace. Prompt engineers design effective instructions that help AI programs produce ②accurate and useful results. AI ethics officers examine whether a company's technology treats users fairly and avoids harmful bias. These jobs did not exist even ten years ago, yet they are growing ③slowly across many industries. Interestingly, most of these new roles require not only technical knowledge but also strong communication and ethical ④judgment. Success in an AI-driven future will depend less on competing with machines and more on developing uniquely human skills that machines still cannot easily ⑤replace.

Good morning, residents of Green Apartment! We would like to introduce a simple way to protect our environment. Used batteries, which contain ①harmful chemicals, should never be thrown away with regular trash. If these chemicals leak into the soil, they can pollute water and harm plants. Therefore, our building has ②installed a special collection box for used batteries near the main entrance. Please place your old batteries inside this box instead of the trash can. The box, which is emptied every month, is ③easy for anyone to use. For example, small button batteries from watches and toys can also be dropped in the box. However, batteries that are still ④broken should not be thrown away at all. We appreciate your effort to keep our neighborhood ⑤clean and safe. Thank you for your cooperation and kindness.

Choice architecture refers to how decisions are designed. It determines which option is automatically selected unless a person chooses otherwise, known as the default option. Research consistently shows that ___________, even when changing it takes only seconds. Organ donation is a well-known example. Countries where citizens are automatically registered as donors unless they opt out show much higher donation rates than opt-in countries. Retirement savings programs show a similar pattern, since employees automatically enrolled in a pension plan rarely cancel it. Voluntary sign-ups, in contrast, often delay indefinitely. Critics argue that default options can be manipulated to benefit companies rather than individuals, so transparency about how defaults are chosen becomes essential. Still, supporters insist that because some default must always exist, it should support people's own long-term interests rather than mere institutional convenience.

The scarcity effect operates with particular force when a deadline, rather than a fixed quantity, defines the limitation. (A) A countdown timer displayed beside an online offer, for instance, creates a constant visual reminder that the opportunity to purchase is steadily disappearing, prompting many shoppers to decide before they have fully considered the purchase. (B) Because the clock continues ticking regardless of the shopper's readiness, the pressure to act quickly can override the more deliberate evaluation that a purchase might otherwise receive. (C) Retailers have accordingly found that adding an explicit deadline, even an artificial one that resets shortly afterward, reliably increases the speed and frequency of purchase decisions.

As more schools shift toward digital textbooks and online assignments, a student without reliable internet access at home faces a disadvantage that has little to do with talent or effort. (A) That assumption is increasingly being reconsidered, particularly as more essential services, from job applications to medical appointments, move online by default. (B) Some policymakers initially treated internet access as a convenience, comparable to cable television, rather than as infrastructure essential to modern life. (C) Closing this divide will require more than simply distributing devices; it will demand sustained investment in the physical networks that carry information into every home.

Sorting your trash correctly is one of the simplest habits that protect our environment. (A) For example, plastic bottles should be rinsed and have their caps removed before being thrown away. Paper soaked with food or oil, however, cannot be recycled and must go into general waste. (B) Likewise, mixing recyclables with ordinary trash makes the whole recycling process complicated. Many students believe that sorting trash takes too much time, but it actually requires only a few extra seconds. Therefore, learning these basic rules now helps you build a habit that benefits your entire community. (C) When you separate paper, plastic, glass, and cans, recycling centers can process each material more efficiently. Sorting garbage is similar to organizing a closet, where each type of clothing has its own shelf. If items are mixed together carelessly, finding what you need later becomes difficult.

Even small adjustments, such as dimming the lights an hour before bedtime, can make this environment noticeably more sleep-friendly. Sleep hygiene refers to a set of simple daily habits that help the body prepare for consistent, restorative rest. ( ① ) Experts commonly recommend going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends, because an irregular schedule confuses the body's internal clock and makes it harder to fall asleep on demand. ( ② ) They also advise reserving the bedroom for sleep alone, since using the bed to study, scroll through a phone, or watch videos teaches the brain to associate that space with wakeful activity rather than rest. ( ③ ) Physical environment matters as well: a cool, dark, and quiet room tends to produce deeper sleep than one that is warm, bright, or noisy. ( ④ ) None of these individual habits guarantees a good night's sleep on its own, but together they form a routine that gradually trains the body to expect and enter sleep more easily, much the way a consistent set of cues trains an athlete's body to perform at a certain time each day. ( ⑤ )