영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Behavioral economists use the term status quo bias to describe a tendency to prefer the present situation over a new alternative, even when the alternative ①would brought greater benefits. This bias helps explain why many households hesitate ②to switch to renewable energy, such as installing solar panels on their roofs. Although solar panels can lower electricity bills over time, homeowners often stick with their current power source because it feels safe and ③requires no immediate effort. In contrast, switching demands research, upfront cost, and trust in unfamiliar technology, all of which can ④seem risky compared with doing nothing. For example, a neighborhood association might repeatedly postpone a vote on shared solar panels, not because the plan is flawed, but because members are ⑤reluctant to leave their routine. Therefore, boosting renewable adoption may depend less on proving its advantages and more on designing programs that make the first step feel easy.

Many students who reach their goals share one habit: they ①picturing the goal clearly before they even start working. This process, called visualization, means imagining a goal in detail, often by ②drawing pictures or writing specific descriptions. For example, a student ③who dreams of studying abroad might make a board filled with photos of a foreign campus. Seeing these images every day keeps the goal fresh in mind and ④reminds the student why the effort matters. Visualization also helps people notice small opportunities that they might otherwise miss, since the brain naturally pays attention to things ⑤connected to personal goals.

Generation Z, typically defined as those born between the late 1990s and early 2010s, approaches shopping quite differently from previous generations. ①Having grown up with smartphones and social media, they research products extensively online before making even small purchases. Unlike older generations, ②who often valued brand loyalty above all else, many members of Generation Z prioritize a company's values. They also tend to favor secondhand and resale platforms, ③viewing sustainability as an important factor rather than an afterthought. Peer recommendations ④shared through short videos frequently ⑤carries more weight than traditional celebrity endorsements, since viewers see these creators as relatable rather than distant figures.

Among strategies for improving concentration, the Pomodoro Technique remains one of the most widely ①recommended methods for students and workers. This technique involves working with full attention for twenty-five minutes, then ②taking a short five-minute break before starting the next session. After completing four of these cycles, a longer break of fifteen to thirty minutes ③is usually taken to allow mental recovery. The method assumes that sustained focus becomes harder to maintain as time passes, so frequent short breaks prevent mental fatigue from ④build up. Students preparing for exams report finishing reading assignments faster when they follow this structured rhythm instead of studying without interruption. Office workers find that dividing large projects into short, timed intervals makes overwhelming tasks feel more manageable. Because each interval has a clear start and end, procrastination becomes less tempting, since beginning a single twenty-five-minute session requires less commitment ⑤than beginning an entire project.

Jimin joined the school band club in March, but she ①had never performed before an audience. The club's first concert was only two weeks away, and everyone felt nervous. During practice, her hands shook whenever the song reached the chorus, and she kept missing the same chord. Instead of laughing at her mistakes, the other members waited patiently and ②playing the section again with her. The drummer, Suho, suggested that she ③focus on just one part at a time. Slowly, her fingers grew more confident, and the chord ④that once felt impossible began to feel natural. The club practiced until the melody sounded smooth the night before the concert. When Jimin walked onto the stage, she thought of her friends' patience instead of her fear. The audience clapped warmly, and she realized ⑤her club's support had made the difference.

Blue, for instance, is frequently used by financial and technology companies because it tends to evoke feelings of ①trust and stability. Green typically signals ②freshness or environmental responsibility, making it a popular choice for organic food brands. Despite these general patterns, cultural context matters significantly, since a color that suggests luck in one country might suggest ③mourning in another. Marketers who ④ignore these cultural differences risk sending ⑤intended messages to international audiences. For this reason, companies expanding into new markets often conduct extensive research before finalizing a logo's color scheme.

Many people give up on their new year's resolutions within just a few days, and psychologists explain that this happens mainly because of _______________. First, willpower is like a muscle that becomes tired after being used too much, so people often run out of self-control by the end of a busy day. Second, many resolutions are unrealistic from the beginning, since people set goals that are far too difficult to reach in a short time. Third, most resolutions do not offer any immediate reward, so people find it hard to stay motivated without seeing fast results.

Last January, Minji decided that she would run three kilometers every morning before school, but after a few cold mornings, she began oversleeping and soon stopped running altogether. By February, she felt disappointed and believed she simply lacked willpower. One evening, her older brother asked her why the plan had failed, and together they looked closely at her daily schedule. They realized that running before sunrise in freezing weather had been too difficult to maintain. So Minji changed her plan and decided to run after school instead, when the weather was warmer and she had more energy. This experience taught her that ___________.

It is also important to wear bright or reflective clothing so that drivers can see you clearly. Riding a bicycle is a great way to stay active during summer vacation, but safety should always come first. ( ① ) Before you ride, check that your tires are properly inflated and your brakes are working well. ( ② ) Wearing a helmet is essential, since it can prevent serious head injuries in an accident. ( ③ ) Riders should always follow traffic signals and ride in the same direction as traffic, never against it. ( ④ ) In addition, keep both hands on the handlebars and avoid using your phone while riding. ( ⑤ ) Carrying a water bottle is wise, since dehydration can cause dizziness and affect your balance.

Yet the number displayed each morning is only as good as the estimate behind it. Wearable devices that track sleep have become enormously popular, promising a detailed breakdown of light, deep, and REM sleep each night. ( ① ) These gadgets typically rely on movement sensors and heart rate monitors to estimate sleep stages, since directly measuring brain activity would require equipment found only in a sleep laboratory. ( ② ) This indirect approach, however, introduces significant uncertainty. ( ③ ) Independent studies comparing wearable data with polysomnography, the gold-standard method used in clinical sleep labs, have found that consumer devices are reasonably accurate at distinguishing sleep from wakefulness but considerably less reliable at identifying specific sleep stages. ( ④ ) Some trackers overestimate deep sleep, while others underestimate the amount of time spent in REM sleep, and the margin of error can vary widely between brands. ( ⑤ ) Despite these limitations, many users have come to treat the nightly score generated by their device as an objective medical verdict, sometimes experiencing anxiety when the number falls below what they expect, a phenomenon researchers have begun calling orthosomnia.