영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Audiobooks have grown rapidly in popularity over the past several years, and many commuters now ①listen to novels instead of reading printed pages. Publishers report that audiobook sales ②continues to rise every year, while the growth of printed book sales has slowed. Part of the appeal is convenience, since listeners can enjoy a story while ③driving, exercising, or doing housework. Some traditional readers argue that listening to a book is not the same as truly reading it, because the listener does not process written words directly. Researchers who study this question have found that comprehension scores for listeners and readers ④are usually very similar, as long as the material is not too complex. The biggest difference tends to appear with dense, technical material, which is often easier to follow in print because readers can pause and ⑤reread difficult sentences at will.

Choosing a college major is one of the biggest decisions many students ①faces after high school. Some students assume that their major will completely determine their future career, but this is not always true. A student ②who majors in history might later become a successful marketer. What matters more than the major itself is the set of skills a student develops, such as critical thinking, writing, and ③problem solving. These abilities can ④be applied to almost any career. However, choosing a major that genuinely interests a student still matters, because motivation makes learning ⑤easier and more effective.

As artificial intelligence ①becomes part of everyday life, entirely new job titles are appearing in the workplace. Prompt engineers, for instance, design effective instructions ②that help AI programs produce accurate and useful results. AI ethics officers examine whether a company's technology ③treat users fairly and avoids harmful bias. Meanwhile, human-AI collaboration trainers teach employees how ④to use AI tools efficiently without depending on them completely. These jobs did not exist even ten years ago, yet they are ⑤growing quickly across many industries.

The discovery of CRISPR gene-editing technology gave scientists a tool ①precise enough to correct a single mistaken letter in the human genome, raising hope for curing inherited diseases that have resisted treatment for generations. Yet the same precision that makes CRISPR so promising also makes it ②dangerous in the wrong hands. Editing a gene in a sperm, egg, or early embryo does not simply change one patient; it alters the genetic code passed down to every future generation, a decision no single person should be allowed to make ③alone. Scientific organizations around the world have therefore drawn a careful line, ⑤permitting gene editing to treat disease in existing patients while ④permitting any edit that would be inherited by their descendants. Critics worry, however, that as the technology becomes cheaper and more widely available, this line will become harder to enforce than it is to draw.

As a result, the ads that appear on a person's screen often feel remarkably ①specific, sometimes referencing items browsed only minutes earlier. Supporters argue that this level of precision benefits consumers by ②reducing exposure to irrelevant advertisements and highlighting products they genuinely need. Some researchers have found that people who see highly personalized advertisements make impulsive purchases ③less frequently than those who see generic ones. Because these algorithms operate largely without public oversight, few consumers fully understand how their personal data shapes what they eventually buy. Greater ④transparency, many experts argue, would allow consumers to make more ⑤informed decisions about their own online behavior.

Few ideas in policy debate provoke as much philosophical unease as the notion that a government might deliberately steer citizens toward better choices while leaving every option technically available. Defenders insist that freedom is preserved as long as no option is banned and no penalty is attached. Critics counter that this defense rests on an impoverished notion of liberty, one that ignores how _______________. The dispute ultimately turns on what freedom actually requires: the mere absence of coercion, or a decision-making process that remains transparent and undistorted.

Safety experts consistently teach the same three steps: drop to the ground, take cover under sturdy furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops. Many people instinctively want to run outside during a quake, imagining that open space is always safer than a building, but this instinct can be dangerous, since _______________. Furniture that seems merely inconvenient during a fire drill, such as a heavy desk, becomes a lifesaving shield when the ceiling above begins to crack.

Melatonin is a hormone produced by a small gland deep within the brain, and its release follows a remarkably predictable daily pattern. (A) This rhythm is controlled primarily by light: specialized cells in the eye detect brightness and send signals that either permit or suppress melatonin production, which is why exposure to bright screens late at night can delay its release and make falling asleep more difficult. (B) Levels stay low throughout the bright hours of the day, begin rising in the evening as darkness falls, peak in the middle of the night, and then decline again as morning approaches. (C) Unlike some hormones that directly cause the body to perform a task, melatonin does not force sleep to occur; instead, it signals to the rest of the body that night has arrived, preparing various systems to shift into a lower-energy state. Because of this signaling role, taking melatonin supplements at the wrong time can shift a person's internal clock in the opposite direction from what was intended.

Riding a bicycle is one of the most popular ways for teenagers to get around, yet many students still skip the one piece of equipment that could save their life: the helmet. (A) Wearing a helmet does not prevent a fall, but it dramatically reduces the chance of a serious head injury when one occurs. (B) A sudden pothole, a car door opening without warning, or a patch of gravel can throw even an experienced cyclist off balance in an instant. (C) Some argue that a short trip to a nearby store does not require any special protection, since the risk feels distant and unlikely, but most accidents actually happen close to home, on familiar streets where riders feel too comfortable to expect danger.

주어진 문장: A clear example of this mismatch can be found in the way students evaluate their own reading comprehension. Metacognition, broadly defined as the capacity to monitor and evaluate one's own cognitive processes, is often treated as a reliable guide to what we actually know, yet a growing body of evidence suggests that the correspondence between subjective confidence and objective accuracy is far weaker than intuition would suggest. ( ① ) Individuals routinely overestimate how thoroughly they have understood a passage of text immediately after reading it, a phenomenon partly attributable to the fluency with which the material was processed rather than to any genuine grasp of its underlying structure. ( ② ) Because rereading familiar material tends to feel effortless, learners frequently mistake that ease of processing for durable comprehension, a misattribution that can lead them to abandon further study prematurely. ( ③ ) This gap between perceived and actual mastery, sometimes labeled the illusion of knowing, has practical consequences for education, ( ④ ) since students who trust their inflated self-assessments are less likely to seek out the more effortful, retrieval-based strategies that would otherwise consolidate their learning. ( ⑤ )