영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Soyeon joined an online study group chat where dozens of students ①planned a class project together every evening. When one member suggested ②skip a required survey step to save time, several others quickly agreed, and no one raised any objections. Soyeon privately worried that skipping the survey might ③weaken their project, but seeing everyone else nodding along, she stayed silent rather than risk sounding difficult. The group proceeded confidently, convinced their shortcut was harmless, until their teacher ④pointed out serious gaps once the project was submitted. She realized that the chat's friendly, unified atmosphere had actually ⑤discouraged critical thinking, making poor decisions feel completely normal at the time.

For instance, the number one usually stands for ①clear plastic bottles, while the number five represents thicker containers like yogurt cups. Without checking the label, you might buy something ②unhealthy by mistake. Likewise, throwing plastic away without checking its mark can send a ③disposable item straight to a landfill. Therefore, taking a few seconds to check the mark before throwing something away makes recycling far more ④effective for everyone ⑤involved.

Psychologist Roy Baumeister proposed a concept called ego depletion theory, which suggests that willpower functions like a muscle that gradually ①strengthens after repeated use. According to this theory, every act of self-control, from resisting a snack to concentrating on difficult homework, draws from the same ②limited mental resource. As this resource becomes ③depleted throughout the day, later decisions require more effort and are more likely to fail. For instance, someone who exercises discipline avoiding distractions all morning may ④struggle to resist checking a phone by evening. Likewise, dieters report that self-control weakens sharply at night, after hours of resisting food. Some researchers argue that short breaks, adequate sleep, and blood sugar levels can help ⑤restore this depleted resource.

Have you ever thrown away an old pair of jeans simply because they no longer fit? Instead of discarding them, many people now turn old items into something new and useful. This creative process, called upcycling, transforms unwanted objects into products with greater value than before. For example, a worn pair of jeans can be cut and sewn into a sturdy bag or a small pouch. Old wooden pallets, once used for shipping, are often rebuilt into simple furniture such as tables and shelves. However, upcycling differs from ordinary recycling, which usually breaks materials down before making something new. In upcycling, the original material keeps most of its form while gaining a fresh purpose. Therefore, choosing to upcycle rather than throw items away can reduce waste significantly. _______________.

Jian wanted to become a reader for years, but every time he picked up a thick novel, he felt overwhelmed and quickly closed it. His cousin, who had read dozens of books that year, told him about something called the two-minute rule. This rule states that a new habit should be shrunk to under two minutes, since a smaller starting point ___________. Instead of committing to a full chapter each night, Jian promised himself only to open a book and read one page.

Passion and talent each offer different advantages when choosing a career. (A) Talent, meanwhile, can lead to quick success, but without real interest, that success may feel empty over time. (B) Passion gives strong motivation, pushing a person to practice for long hours without feeling tired. (C) For this reason, many experts recommend looking for an overlap between the two rather than choosing only one.

This dopamine-driven cycle explains why so many people check their phones dozens of times throughout the day without even realizing it. (A) Neuroscientists have found that the anticipation of a possible reward, not the reward itself, produces the strongest dopamine response in the brain. (B) In other words, the brief moment of waiting to see how many likes a post receives can feel more exciting than the actual number that appears. (C) Because this anticipation is so powerful, technology designers intentionally build delays and randomness into how notifications are delivered.

주어진 문장: Taken together, these shortcomings suggest that biodegradability alone cannot guarantee a meaningful reduction in plastic pollution. Biodegradable plastics have been promoted as a promising solution to plastic waste, since they are designed to decompose into natural substances rather than persist for centuries. ① Manufacturers derive these materials from renewable resources such as corn starch, blending them with additives that accelerate microbial breakdown once discarded. ② However, their environmental benefits are often exaggerated, largely because decomposition depends on specific conditions rarely found outside industrial composting facilities. ③ For example, a bag labeled biodegradable may take years, not the weeks advertised, to break down in a landfill or ocean, where temperature and microbial activity remain low. ④ In addition, when mixed with conventional plastics in recycling streams, they can contaminate the process, weakening the quality of materials produced afterward. ⑤ Some engineers therefore compare biodegradable plastics to a bridge that leads nowhere unless paired with infrastructure that completes the journey. Ultimately, realizing their genuine potential requires not only technological refinement but also facilities capable of providing the precise conditions decomposition demands. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

주어진 문장: This spreading of feelings was traditionally assumed to require physical cues like facial expressions or vocal tone. Have you ever noticed your mood shifting after scrolling through a friend's gloomy post online? ( ① ) This phenomenon, known as emotional contagion, refers to the tendency of one person's feelings to spread to others nearby, almost like a cold passing between classmates. ( ② ) Psychologists once studied this effect mainly through face-to-face interactions, such as tone of voice. ( ③ ) However, researchers have discovered that emotional contagion also occurs online, where only text or images are exchanged, without any physical presence at all. ( ④ ) For instance, when someone posts a negative comment beneath a cheerful photo, the comments that follow often turn noticeably more negative in tone. In contrast, a single kind comment can shift an entire thread toward positivity within minutes. ( ⑤ ) This suggests that emotions online spread through carefully chosen words alone. Consequently, many experts now argue that being mindful of what we post matters more than we typically assume.

주어진 문장: In contrast, a cloth bag can be used again and again for many years. Attention, students and teachers! Our school is starting a new campaign called 'Bring Your Own Bag.' ① Starting next Monday, the school store will no longer offer free plastic bags to customers. ② Instead, we encourage everyone to bring a reusable shopping bag from home. ③ Plastic bags, which are made from petroleum, take hundreds of years to break down in the environment. ④ Therefore, using a reusable bag is a simple habit that protects sea animals and reduces pollution. ⑤ For example, students who bring their own bags will receive a small sticker as a reward. However, students who forget their bags may still purchase a paper bag for a small fee. We hope every student will join this easy and meaningful campaign. Thank you for helping our school become greener.