영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

The city government has launched a summer energy-saving campaign ①to reduce electricity use during the hottest months. As air conditioners run constantly, power demand ②rises sharply and can strain the electricity grid. Residents are asked ③setting air conditioners no lower than twenty-six degrees Celsius. Turning off lights and unplugging unused electronics can also make a noticeable ④difference. Families ⑤who reduce their electricity use by more than ten percent will receive a discount.

During the rainy season, umbrellas and raincoats become ①essential items for daily life. After using a wet umbrella, let it ②dry fully in a well-ventilated place before folding it again. Storing a damp umbrella in a closed bag can cause mold and a bad smell, so this habit is actually quite ③harmful. It is helpful to wipe off dirt and mud with a soft cloth, since dirt left on the fabric can ④protect the waterproof coating over time. Checking the umbrella's frame regularly for rust also helps it last ⑤longer.

Years ago, a small shoe company struggled to compete with larger, well-funded rivals in the market. Its products were ①solid, but customers rarely ②remembered the brand after a single purchase. Sales slowly ③decreased as people felt they were supporting something meaningful rather than simply buying a product. Other companies noticed this shift and began crafting their own narratives, hoping to create similar ④emotional connections. Eventually, the founder realized that a compelling story, told honestly, could turn ordinary customers into ⑤loyal supporters.

Influencer marketing has become one of the most powerful tools that companies use to reach young consumers. Unlike traditional advertisements, which often feel distant and impersonal, posts created by influencers seem more like advice from a trusted friend. This sense of closeness, built through years of sharing daily life online, makes followers more willing to trust product recommendations than ordinary commercials. For example, a skincare brand promoted by a popular lifestyle influencer can sell out within hours simply because her audience believes her opinions are honest. Consumers are becoming more ①careless, checking whether reviews are sponsored before making a purchase. In the end, influencer marketing works best when it ②stays ③grounded in ④authenticity rather than mere ⑤popularity.

Prospect theory proposes that the subjective value of money is not a straight line but a curved function. In the domain of gains, the function bends downward as amounts increase. A parallel pattern appears among losses, where the curve bends in the opposite direction, yet sensitivity still fades as the amount grows larger. This tendency, known as diminishing sensitivity, explains why _______________. Understanding this curvature allows economists to predict decisions that a simple, linear model of value could never anticipate.

Have you ever noticed your mood shifting after scrolling through a friend's gloomy post online? This phenomenon, known as emotional contagion, refers to the tendency of one person's feelings to spread to others nearby, almost like a cold passing between classmates. However, researchers have discovered that emotional contagion also occurs online, where only text or images are exchanged, without any physical presence at all. For instance, when someone posts a negative comment beneath a cheerful photo, the comments that follow often turn noticeably more negative in tone. In contrast, a single kind comment can shift an entire thread toward positivity within minutes. This suggests that emotions online spread through carefully chosen words alone. Consequently, many experts now argue that ___________.

Social media researchers use the term context collapse to describe what happens when a single online post reaches audiences that would normally remain separate in offline life. In daily interactions, people naturally adjust their tone and content depending on whether they are speaking with family, close friends, or professional colleagues. However, a typical social media feed merges these distinct audiences into one undivided crowd, since a single post can simultaneously reach parents, employers, and casual acquaintances. Consequently, users often struggle to decide which version of themselves to present, knowing that a joke suitable for close friends might seem unprofessional to a supervisor. For example, a party photo posted for friends could later damage someone's reputation if an employer notices it. This tension forces many users to either self-censor heavily or maintain multiple separate accounts tailored to different audiences. Understanding context collapse _______________.

Communication researchers have long studied why identical facts can produce very different public reactions depending on how they are presented. (A) Neither framing alone tells the complete story, so journalists who rely too heavily on either extreme risk distorting public understanding, and a balanced approach that honestly presents dangers while highlighting realistic solutions is far more likely to inspire lasting action. (B) When news outlets describe climate change primarily as a looming crisis, filled with images of disasters and warnings of irreversible damage, audiences often react with fear or, paradoxically, with hopeless resignation. (C) In contrast, when the same issue is framed as an opportunity, emphasizing innovative technologies and emerging green jobs, readers tend to feel more motivated to act and support policy change.

One reason many consumers hesitate to switch to greener options involves a specific pricing gap that economists have named. (A) This price gap frequently discourages shoppers who support sustainability in principle but cannot justify the additional expense, while wealthier consumers can absorb the premium more easily, which creates unequal participation in green markets. (B) This gap, known as the green premium, describes the extra cost that consumers must pay when they choose an environmentally friendly product over a cheaper, conventional alternative; for example, an electric vehicle or solar-powered appliance often carries a higher price tag than its gasoline-powered or coal-based counterpart, even though it produces fewer emissions. (C) To narrow this gap, governments have introduced subsidies and tax credits that lower upfront costs, and as production scales up and innovation continues, many economists expect the premium to shrink steadily.

주어진 문장: This shows that expertise alone does not guarantee immunity from such intuitive shortcuts. Suppose you meet a quiet, gentle man who speaks softly, tends a small garden, and organizes his bookshelf with meticulous care. ( ① ) Asked whether he is more likely a florist or a truck driver, most people instinctively choose florist, since his personality matches the stereotype so neatly. ( ② ) This judgment, however, ignores a crucial fact: truck drivers vastly outnumber florists in almost every country, which means that, statistically, he is far more likely to belong to the larger group regardless of how well he fits the flower-shop image. ( ③ ) Relying on resemblance to a familiar category rather than on underlying numerical proportions, known among researchers as representativeness, leads people to overlook these base rates almost automatically. ( ④ ) Even trained professionals, who should know better, often fall into the same trap when a vivid description feels more convincing than plain statistics. ( ⑤ ) Consequently, teaching people to pause and ask how common something actually is, instead of merely how typical it appears, can meaningfully improve the accuracy of everyday predictions and reduce costly errors in judgment.