영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

When people estimate the value of an unfamiliar product, they rarely rely on objective calculation alone; instead, they anchor their judgment to whatever numerical reference happens to be presented first, however ①arbitrary that number may be. This phenomenon exerts a ②disproportionate influence on price perception precisely because initial figures function as a kind of cognitive gravity that subsequent estimates struggle to escape. A shopper who first sees a jacket listed at $300 before it is marked down to $150 will likely judge the discounted price as an excellent ③bargain, regardless of whether $150 actually reflects the jacket's true worth. Retailers, well aware of this bias, frequently display a ④deflated "original price" beside a discounted one, not because the higher figure is meaningful, but because it recalibrates customers' expectations. Even professionals are not immune: negotiators who open with an extreme initial offer often secure more ⑤favorable final terms than those who begin with a moderate one.

Anthropologist Robin Dunbar proposed a concept now known as Dunbar's number, suggesting that human beings can only ①abandon about one hundred fifty stable social relationships at any given time. This limit, he argued, comes from the size of the human brain, which ②restricts how many meaningful connections a person can cognitively manage. In contrast, many social media users today have hundreds or even thousands of online friends and followers, a number far ③exceeding what Dunbar's research predicts. However, having numerous digital contacts does not necessarily mean that all of these relationships are ④close or emotionally supportive. Most users, when asked, admit that they interact regularly with only a small fraction of their total followers, while the rest remain largely ⑤unnoticed.

Child safety experts now argue that this advice is too ①complex to be useful, since most children will inevitably need to interact with unfamiliar adults, whether asking a store employee for help or greeting a new neighbor. A more effective approach focuses on ②specific situations rather than people in general, teaching children to recognize behavior that feels wrong. Role-playing these scenarios in advance helps children ③respond quickly under pressure, rather than freezing because the situation feels unfamiliar and confusing. Experts also emphasize that children should be taught they will never get in trouble for refusing an adult's request or for ④loudly saying no in public, since hesitation caused by politeness can cost ⑤precious seconds in a genuine emergency.

In a classic experiment inspired by Keynes's beauty contest analogy, participants choose a number between zero and one hundred, and the winner is whoever selects the number ①farthest from two-thirds of the average of all guesses submitted. A perfectly rational player, assuming every other participant reasons with unlimited depth, would conclude the equilibrium number is zero, since reasoning about others' reasoning ②collapses the average toward that single point. In practice, however, actual guesses rarely ③converge on zero; most participants stop reasoning after a round or two of imagining what others might guess. This gap between theoretical equilibrium and observed behavior reveals that human reasoning is ④bounded. Economists use this game as a ⑤diagnostic tool, since the number a person submits reveals how many levels of strategic thinking that person is willing to perform.

Accidents rarely wait for a doctor to be nearby, which is why basic first aid knowledge can make a critical difference in the first few minutes after an injury occurs. Many students assume that only professionals should touch an injured person, fearing that any mistake might make things worse. In reality, a few simple actions, such as applying steady pressure to a bleeding wound or keeping an unconscious person's airway clear, can prevent a minor injury from becoming a life-threatening one. _______________, since every minute without basic care allows a treatable injury to worsen. Of course, first aid is never a substitute for professional medical treatment, and it should never replace an emergency call.

When people recall precisely where they were and what they were doing at the moment they learned of some momentous public event, the resulting memory often feels extraordinarily vivid, as though it had been etched into the mind with photographic precision; researchers have termed such recollections flashbulb memories. Proponents of this concept once argued that the emotional intensity and surprise accompanying such events trigger a distinct neural mechanism that preserves details with unusual fidelity, effectively exempting them from the gradual decay that afflicts ordinary memories. Subsequent longitudinal studies, however, have complicated this picture considerably: when researchers compared accounts gathered within days of an event to accounts gathered years later, they discovered that details had frequently been altered, omitted, or even fabricated, even though the individuals reporting them expressed unwavering confidence in their accuracy. This persistent mismatch between subjective certainty and objective consistency implies that _______________.

For our club's spring project, we were told to create a sculpture using only materials collected from the school's recycling bins, and my first reaction was disappointment at not being allowed to buy proper art supplies. Sorting through flattened cardboard, broken umbrella frames, and plastic bottle caps, I initially saw nothing but trash. My perspective shifted once a senior member showed me a piece she had built the previous year, a bird made entirely of bent bicycle spokes and bottle caps, each cap functioning as a single feather. She explained that _______________. By the end of the project, our team had built a small forest of figures using nothing that anyone had paid for, and the exhibit visitors seemed more curious about our materials than about any technique we had used.

Umbrellas and raincoats need proper care during the long rainy season. (A) In addition, check the umbrella's frame regularly for rust or broken parts. (B) First, dry a wet umbrella fully in a well-ventilated place before folding it. (C) It is also useful to wipe dirt and mud off the fabric with a soft cloth.

주어진 문장: Beyond these practical objections, some conservationists raise a more fundamental theoretical concern about what rewilding is ultimately trying to achieve. Rewilding, a conservation strategy that seeks to restore natural processes with minimal human interference, has gained attention as traditional conservation struggles to halt biodiversity loss. ① Rather than managing landscapes according to a fixed blueprint, rewilding projects often reintroduce key species, such as large predators, whose presence can trigger cascading effects. ② Advocates point to the reintroduction of wolves in certain parks, where predation altered grazing behavior, allowing riverside vegetation to recover and stabilizing soil that had long been eroding. ③ Skeptics, however, warn that rewilding can provoke serious conflict with nearby communities, particularly when predators prey on livestock or restored habitats limit land for agriculture. ④ Moreover, critics argue that restoring landscapes to an imagined pristine state is scientifically dubious, since ecosystems have long been shaped by human activity. ⑤ Compensation programs reimbursing farmers for livestock losses, alongside ecotourism initiatives creating local income, have proven essential to sustaining public support. Ultimately, rewilding succeeds not by removing human influence but by renegotiating the relationship between people and the wild species they must coexist with. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

It was, I realized, a lesson about storytelling disguised as a lesson about furniture. My grandmother keeps a wooden cabinet filled with tiny furniture, each piece no larger than a fingernail, that she has been building for over a decade as a miniature hobby. ( ① ) When I first saw the cabinet, I assumed the appeal was simply how impressively small and precise the pieces looked. ( ② ) Talking with her while she worked, though, I learned that the real challenge lies in imagining an entire, believable world at a scale the eye can barely process, deciding where a miniature family might set down a teacup or leave a chair pulled slightly away from the table. ( ③ ) She once spent three weekends carving a single tiny bookshelf, only to leave two of its shelves deliberately empty, ( ④ ) explaining that a completely full room would look staged rather than lived-in. ( ⑤ ) That small decision taught me that miniature craft is not primarily about precision, but about convincingly imagining an ordinary life small enough to fit inside a shoebox.