영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

문제 1

Turning on automatic captions used to mean settling for garbled text full of obvious errors, but recent speech-recognition models have made same-language captions ①accurate enough that many viewers now leave them on by default, even when watching content in their native language. The technology listens to audio, breaks it into individual sounds, and matches those sounds against a massive library of words and phrases ②to predict what was actually said. For viewers who are deaf or hard of hearing, this improvement has quietly ③transformed everyday access to video content that once required a human transcriber. The system still stumbles over overlapping speakers, strong accents, and specialized vocabulary, ④occasionally producing captions that are unintentionally funny. Even with these flaws, most users agree that imperfect captions ⑤is far more useful than no captions at all.

문제 2

Minji spent nearly every evening ①watched Jimin, an online creator who streamed cooking videos and chatted casually with her viewers. Over several months, Minji began to feel as though she truly knew Jimin, ②laughing at her jokes and worrying whenever she mentioned having a difficult week. Whenever Jimin responded to a comment, even a simple one, Minji felt a small thrill of connection, as if they ③were becoming closer friends. One day, Minji excitedly waited outside a fan event, ④hoping that Jimin would recognize her from the countless messages she had sent. However, Jimin greeted her the same way she greeted every other stranger in line, ⑤without any hint of personal recognition.

문제 3

Two years ago, I ①began volunteering at an animal shelter near my neighborhood on weekends. My tasks included feeding animals, cleaning cages, and ②help visitors choose a pet to adopt. Over time, I noticed how much I enjoyed calming nervous or injured animals. One rainy afternoon, a frightened puppy ③refused to eat, and I sat quietly beside it for over an hour until it finally relaxed. Watching the puppy trust me changed something inside me, ④which led me to research careers in veterinary medicine. My volunteer work, ⑤which started as a simple hobby, slowly turned into the clearest career direction I had ever found.

문제 4

As more businesses move their operations online, cyberattacks ①have become one of the most serious threats facing modern companies. Hackers now target everything from small retail websites to massive financial institutions, ②stealing sensitive data or demanding ransom payments. These specialists design systems ③that detect suspicious activity, patch vulnerabilities before criminals can exploit them, and train employees to recognize phishing attempts. Unlike many technical fields, cybersecurity requires constant learning, ④since hackers continually develop new methods to bypass existing defenses. Universities have responded by creating specialized degree programs, while many companies now ⑤offers scholarships to attract students into this growing field.

문제 5

Summer brings a wide variety of delicious fruits, but many of them ①spoil quickly in the heat. Fruits such as watermelon and melon should be kept in the refrigerator once they are cut, since exposure to warm air ②slows down spoiling. Berries are especially delicate and should not be washed until just before eating, because moisture ③encourages mold to grow. Bananas turn black quickly in cold air, so they are best kept on the counter. Wrapping cut fruit tightly in plastic wrap helps keep it ④fresh longer, giving you a few extra days to enjoy its natural ⑤sweetness.

문제 6

Many large companies now rely on artificial intelligence to screen job applications before a human ever sees them. These systems promise ①efficiency, scanning thousands of resumes in seconds and ranking candidates according to patterns drawn from previous hiring decisions. However, this reliance on historical data creates a ②troubling risk. If a company's past hiring favored a particular group, the algorithm may learn to treat that pattern as a marker of success and ③loudly reproduce it, even when no one intended discrimination. Unlike a human interviewer, the system offers no explanation for its choices, which makes the bias ④difficult to detect until an outside audit reveals it. Some researchers argue that fairness cannot be added afterward; it must be built into the system's design from the very ⑤beginning.

문제 7

Hospitals are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence tools that can scan medical images and flag potential tumors ①faster and, in some trials, more accurately than experienced radiologists. Patients understandably welcome any technology that catches disease earlier, yet the growing reliance on these tools raises an uncomfortable legal question that hospitals have only begun to address. When an AI system misses a diagnosis that a human doctor would likely have caught, responsibility becomes ②easy to assign. The doctor may argue that they simply trusted a tool the hospital required them to use, the hospital may argue that the software company guaranteed its accuracy, and the software company may argue that no algorithm can be expected to be ③perfect. Until legal systems ④clarify this chain of responsibility, patients harmed by an algorithmic error may find themselves with no clear party to hold ⑤accountable.

문제 8

For a class project, I interviewed a local architect who has worked in the field for over fifteen years. She explained that architects must ①balance creativity with practical concerns like safety and cost. When I asked about challenges, she mentioned that clients sometimes change their minds after a design is finished. Instead of feeling frustrated, she said she tries to see each change as a ②chance to improve the project. She also advised students to visit construction sites whenever possible, since seeing a real building take shape teaches ③valuable lessons no classroom can offer. At the end of the interview, she smiled and said that choosing architecture was the ④worst decision she had ever made. Her passion made me ⑤consider design as a possible career for myself.

문제 9

This is a decision, in short, that no single person should be allowed to make alone. The discovery of CRISPR gene-editing technology gave scientists a tool precise enough to correct a single mistaken letter in the human genome, raising hope for curing inherited diseases that have resisted treatment for generations. ( ① ) Yet the same precision that makes CRISPR so promising also makes it dangerous in the wrong hands. ( ② ) Editing a gene in a sperm, egg, or early embryo does not simply change one patient. ( ③ ) It alters the genetic code passed down to every future generation. ( ④ ) Scientific organizations around the world have therefore drawn a careful line, permitting gene editing to treat disease in existing patients while banning any edit that would be inherited by their descendants. ( ⑤ ) Critics worry, however, that this line will become harder to enforce than it is to draw.

문제 10

Critics warn that treating space as an open frontier for extraction risks repeating the same environmental and political mistakes that colonization caused on Earth. As private companies develop the technology to mine asteroids for rare metals and water, a legal question once confined to science fiction has suddenly become urgent: who, if anyone, owns the resources of outer space? ( ① ) Existing international treaties state that no nation may claim sovereignty over celestial bodies, but they say remarkably little about whether a private company may extract and sell what it finds there. ( ② ) Some governments have already passed domestic laws granting their own companies rights to material mined in space. ( ③ ) Other nations view this as a unilateral attempt to settle a question that should be decided collectively. ( ④ ) Supporters of space mining argue that new resources could ease shortages on Earth and fund further exploration. ( ⑤ )