영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Every July, our school library ①launches a summer reading challenge that invites students to read at least five books before classes begin again in September. Students who ②complete the challenge receive a small prize, but many say the real reward is something else entirely. Without daily homework and tests to worry about, summer gives students rare freedom ③to choose books purely because they sound interesting, not because a teacher assigned them. Librarians notice that students often pick more unusual genres during the challenge, ④including graphic novels, poetry, and nonfiction about hobbies they enjoy. This freedom seems to matter more than the prize itself, since students who only cared about winning tend to quit once the reading feels difficult, while curious readers ⑤keeps going.

Self-driving technology is advancing rapidly, and its impact on the transportation industry ①is becoming increasingly visible. Companies are testing autonomous trucks ②that can travel long distances without human drivers, potentially transforming how goods move across countries. Millions of professional drivers worry about ③lose their jobs as automation spreads through the industry. Experts predict that certain driving jobs, particularly long-distance trucking, may ④shrink significantly within the next two decades. New roles are also emerging, including remote vehicle operators who monitor fleets of autonomous trucks and technicians ⑤who maintain the complex sensors these vehicles depend on.

During the hottest weeks of summer, the city operates free cooling centers for anyone who needs a break from the heat. These cooling centers provide air-conditioned spaces where visitors can rest ①comfortably. Anyone can use the facilities, but they are especially helpful for elderly people and those ②without air conditioning at home. There is no cost to use these centers, and no reservation is ③required. City officials encourage residents to check the nearest location on the city website, since operating hours may vary slightly by ④site. Making use of these cooling centers can help ⑤cause heat-related illnesses during extreme heat warnings.

Factories that once employed hundreds of workers on an assembly line now run with a ①fraction of that staff, as robotic arms handle tasks that used to require human hands. Economists have long debated whether this shift destroys jobs or simply transforms them. Historical evidence offers some ②comfort: previous waves of automation eventually created new categories of work that no one had predicted. However, critics point out that earlier transitions unfolded over generations, giving workers ③ample time to retrain, whereas today's robots are being deployed at a pace that leaves little room for adjustment. A factory worker displaced this year cannot simply wait for a new industry to emerge decades from now. For this reason, many economists argue that the real ④challenge is not the robots themselves, but the ⑤sluggish speed at which society is expected to adapt to them.

Water looks endless when it flows from the tap every morning, but clean water is actually a limited resource that we must protect carefully, since many families waste water without even noticing it. (A) Fixing a leaking faucet, which many people ignore, can also save hundreds of liters every month, since saving water is like keeping money in a savings account for the future. (B) For example, leaving the tap running while brushing your teeth can waste several liters of water, but turning off the tap during that time saves a surprising amount of water each day. (C) Taking a shorter shower is another easy habit that reduces water use significantly, and small changes like these can make a real difference over time.

FOMO refers to the anxious feeling that arises when people believe they are missing out on rewarding experiences that others are having. (A) For instance, a student who sees photos of a gathering she missed may feel sudden regret, even though the event is already over. (B) This feeling often leads people to check their phones compulsively, which makes it hard to focus on tasks at hand. (C) Such experiences are common among heavy social media users, who constantly compare their lives with the curated posts of others.

Food choices are increasingly recognized as a powerful tool in the fight against climate change. (A) By replacing just a few meat-based meals each week with vegetables, grains, or legumes, individuals can noticeably shrink their carbon footprint without giving up meat completely. Nutritionists also emphasize that flexitarian eating is easier to maintain than full vegetarianism, because it allows flexibility rather than demanding absolute discipline. Therefore, many environmental groups now promote flexitarianism as a realistic first step, believing that gradual change, rather than sudden restriction, is more likely to spread widely across society. (B) A flexitarian is someone who mainly eats plant-based meals but occasionally includes meat or fish, unlike a strict vegetarian who avoids animal products entirely. This flexible diet has recently gained attention as a practical way to fight climate change, since raising livestock produces a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions. (C) Cattle, in particular, release large amounts of methane, a gas far more powerful than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere.

주어진 문장: That plan, however, took an unexpected turn during his final year of university. Jiho had always assumed he would join a large corporation after graduation, just as his parents expected. ( ① ) He joined a small student team building an app that connected local farmers directly with restaurants. ( ② ) What started as a class project gradually turned into something more serious, as several restaurants began placing regular orders through their prototype. ( ③ ) Jiho and his teammates decided to delay job applications and instead spend a year developing the idea, despite warnings from relatives who considered the plan too risky. ( ④ ) They worked from a cramped apartment, surviving on limited savings while learning skills ranging from coding to negotiating with suppliers. ( ⑤ ) After nearly failing twice, the team secured a small investment that allowed them to hire their first employee.

Convenience installed today, in other words, can quietly become control tomorrow. City governments increasingly market dense networks of surveillance cameras as a straightforward safety upgrade, promising faster emergency response and lower crime rates. ( ① ) In many cases, the technology delivers exactly what it promises, helping investigators identify suspects within hours rather than weeks. ( ② ) Yet the same infrastructure that catches criminals also creates a permanent record of where ordinary, law-abiding citizens go about their daily lives. ( ③ ) Once a camera network exists, its purpose can quietly expand, often without new public debate or explicit approval. ( ④ ) Civil liberties groups argue that a city should decide how much surveillance it wants before the cameras go up, not years afterward when the infrastructure is already impossible to remove. ( ⑤ )

주어진 문장: This memory advantage occurs because the brain treats an open task as unresolved business that deserves continued attention. Have you ever noticed that an unfinished task keeps returning to your mind long after you stopped working? ( ① ) This phenomenon was first noticed by psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik, who saw that waiters remembered unpaid orders better than paid ones. ( ② ) Her observation led to what is now called the Zeigarnik effect: people remember incomplete tasks more vividly than completed ones. ( ③ ) According to this theory, the mind maintains mental tension until a task reaches closure, keeping the unfinished task active in memory. ( ④ ) Once the task is completed, the tension is released, and the mind lets go of the details. This effect explains why students often think about unsolved homework even during unrelated activities like eating dinner. It also explains why writing down an incomplete plan can reduce anxiety, since a note serves as temporary closure. Teachers sometimes use this principle, leaving lessons purposely unfinished to encourage students to keep thinking about the material. ( ⑤ )