영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

When people encounter solid scientific evidence about climate change, we might expect them ①to accept it without hesitation. However, many individuals still dismiss or downplay such evidence, and psychologists explain this pattern through a concept called motivated reasoning. Motivated reasoning refers to the tendency to process information in a way that ②protects one's existing beliefs, identity, or lifestyle rather than to pursue objective truth. For example, a person whose livelihood depends on the fossil fuel industry may unconsciously search for reasons to doubt climate data, even while ③claim to value scientific accuracy. This happens because accepting uncomfortable facts can threaten a person's sense of self or ④demand costly lifestyle changes. Therefore, simply presenting more data rarely persuades a committed skeptic. Instead, experts suggest connecting climate information to values the person already holds, such as family safety or economic stability, so that acceptance feels ⑤natural rather than threatening.

For most of last year, Junho ①refresh his social media feed constantly, terrified of missing a party, a trending meme, or gossip among his friends. This restless anxiety, ②often called FOMO, or the fear of missing out, left him exhausted and strangely unsatisfied even after hours of scrolling. One weekend, his phone battery died during a hiking trip, and, to his surprise, he actually ③enjoyed the quiet afternoon without notifications interrupting his thoughts. Curious about this unexpected calm, Junho began ④deleting social apps for a few hours each day, gradually extending the breaks as weeks passed. Instead of dreading what he might be missing, he started noticing small pleasures, such as finishing a book or ⑤having an uninterrupted conversation with his family.

As private companies develop the technology to mine asteroids for rare metals and water, a legal question once confined to science fiction has suddenly ①become urgent: who, if anyone, owns the resources of outer space? Existing international treaties state that no nation may claim sovereignty over celestial bodies, but they say remarkably little about ②whether a private company may extract and sell what it finds there. Some governments have already passed domestic laws ③granting their own companies rights to material mined in space, a move that other nations view as a unilateral attempt to settle a question that should ④decide collectively. Supporters of space mining argue that new resources could ease shortages on Earth and fund further exploration, while critics warn that treating space as an open frontier for extraction risks ⑤repeating the same environmental and political mistakes that colonization caused on Earth.

When choosing a future career, students often face a common question: should I follow what I love, or what I am good at? Passion can provide strong ①motivation, pushing a person to practice for hours without feeling tired. However, loving an activity does not always mean a person will become ②unskilled at it professionally. On the other hand, natural talent can lead to quick success, but without genuine interest, that success may eventually feel ③empty or exhausting. Career experts suggest looking for an ④overlap between the two instead of choosing only one side. Finding this balance takes time and self-reflection, but it often leads to a more ⑤satisfying and sustainable career.

Sleep apnea is a disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and restarts during sleep, often because the muscles at the back of the throat relax too much and block the airway. (A) Doctors therefore rely less on a patient's own account of the night and more on objective measurements, such as overnight oxygen levels and airflow patterns recorded in a sleep laboratory. (B) Each pause can last from a few seconds to over a minute, and it may occur dozens of times in a single night without the sleeper ever waking up fully. (C) Because these interruptions rarely produce a clear memory the next morning, many people remain unaware that anything is wrong, even as chronic fatigue, headaches, and irritability build up over months.

Many students assume that old social media posts disappear once enough time has passed. (A) A few years later, however, a teacher reviewing her application happened to notice an old, unkind comment she had posted and forgotten. (B) Minji, for instance, once left a careless comment mocking a classmate, assuming no one would ever see it again. (C) This experience taught her that a digital footprint, the lasting trail left by online activity, can resurface at unexpected moments.

주어진 문장: It felt like the longest silence of my entire life. Every morning, our broadcasting club airs a short news program for the entire school. Last Tuesday, I was chosen to read the weather report for the very first time. ① My hands were shaking as the red light on the camera turned on. Halfway through my sentence, I suddenly forgot the next line completely. ② For a few seconds, only silence filled the studio, and I could hear my own heartbeat. ③ My partner Minho, who was sitting beside me, quickly slid the script closer to me. I took a deep breath and calmly continued reading from where I had stopped. ④ Somehow, my voice sounded steadier than I expected, and I finished the report smoothly. After the broadcast ended, several classmates told me they had not even noticed the pause. ⑤ That morning taught me that small mistakes rarely matter as much as we fear.

주어진 문장: This shows that expertise alone does not guarantee immunity from such intuitive shortcuts. Suppose you meet a quiet, gentle man who speaks softly, tends a small garden, and organizes his bookshelf with meticulous care. ( ① ) Asked whether he is more likely a florist or a truck driver, most people instinctively choose florist, since his personality matches the stereotype so neatly. ( ② ) This judgment, however, ignores a crucial fact: truck drivers vastly outnumber florists in almost every country, which means that, statistically, he is far more likely to belong to the larger group regardless of how well he fits the flower-shop image. ( ③ ) Relying on resemblance to a familiar category rather than on underlying numerical proportions, known among researchers as representativeness, leads people to overlook these base rates almost automatically. ( ④ ) Even trained professionals, who should know better, often fall into the same trap when a vivid description feels more convincing than plain statistics. ( ⑤ ) Consequently, teaching people to pause and ask how common something actually is, instead of merely how typical it appears, can meaningfully improve the accuracy of everyday predictions and reduce costly errors in judgment.

주어진 문장: Yet this same tendency also carries a hidden drawback. Sociologists use the term homophily to describe the tendency of people to form connections with others who share similar backgrounds, opinions, or interests. ( ① ) This principle explains why classmates from the same major often become close friends, while coworkers with shared hobbies naturally gravitate toward one another. ( ② ) Because similarity reduces the effort required to understand another person's perspective, relationships built on shared traits tend to feel comfortable and require less negotiation. ( ③ ) However, this same comfort can narrow the range of viewpoints someone encounters, since surrounding oneself with similar people limits exposure to different ideas. ( ④ ) Social media platforms intensify this pattern through recommendation algorithms that suggest new friends based on shared interests or similar browsing history. ( ⑤ ) As a result, users often find their online circles becoming increasingly homogeneous, filled with people who think and behave much like themselves.

주어진 문장: Few shoppers realize how deliberately these small details are arranged to influence their behavior. Retailers use a variety of techniques designed to encourage customers to make unplanned purchases. ( ① ) Placing small, inexpensive items near checkout counters, for example, tempts shoppers who are already waiting in line with little else to do. ( ② ) Online stores achieve a similar effect through countdown timers that create a false sense of urgency, suggesting that a deal will vanish within minutes. ( ③ ) Bright colors, cheerful music, and pleasant scents are also carefully chosen to put customers in a relaxed mood. ( ④ ) Critics argue that these tactics exploit human psychology rather than genuinely informing consumers about a product's value. ( ⑤ ) Supporters of the industry insist that such techniques merely make shopping more enjoyable.