영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Last spring, a small cosmetics brand opened a pop-up store in a busy shopping district for just two weeks. Rather than displaying products in the usual manner, the team ①designed the space to resemble a colorful garden, inviting visitors to explore and take photographs. Word spread quickly through social media as customers ②shared images of the unusual setting with their friends and followers. Curious about this success, a marketing researcher later interviewed several visitors, ③who explained that the temporary nature of the event made the experience feel special. Many admitted they had never previously purchased from the brand but ④decided to buy something simply to remember the visit. When the two weeks ended, the brand reported a significant increase in both sales and social media ⑤follower.

City governments increasingly market dense networks of surveillance cameras as a straightforward safety upgrade, ①promising faster emergency response and lower crime rates. In many cases, the technology delivers exactly what it promises, ②helping investigators identify suspects within hours rather than weeks. Yet the same infrastructure that catches criminals also creates a permanent record of where ordinary, law-abiding citizens ③go about their daily lives. Once a camera network exists, its purpose can quietly expand, often without new public debate or explicit approval. Civil liberties groups argue that a city should decide how much surveillance it wants before the cameras go up, not years afterward when the infrastructure ④is already impossible removing. Convenience installed today, in other words, can quietly ⑤become control tomorrow.

Traditional economic models predict that a rational individual offered any positive sum of money, however small, should accept it without hesitation, since even a modest gain is preferable to ①receiving nothing at all. A simple experimental exercise known as the ultimatum game, in which one participant proposes how to split a sum of money and a second participant may either accept or reject the proposed division, consistently ②contradicts this prediction. When the proposer offers a division perceived as unfair, the second participant frequently rejects the offer entirely, leaving both parties with nothing rather than ③accepting an outcome viewed as insulting. This behavior indicates that individuals value fairness as an end in itself, sometimes willingly ④sacrificing material gain to punish perceived exploitation. Neuroscientific investigations complement this finding, revealing that unfair offers ⑤activates brain regions associated with disgust and negative emotion.

Many companies now advertise themselves as environmentally responsible, yet a growing number of these claims turn out to be ①misleading. This practice, known as greenwashing, occurs when a business spends more effort marketing its products as eco-friendly than actually reducing environmental harm. A company might launch a recycled-packaging line while continuing to pollute rivers through its main factories, creating a false impression of genuine change. Such tactics ②deceive well-intentioned consumers who wish to shop responsibly but lack the tools to ③verify corporate claims. In contrast, truly sustainable businesses publish detailed, independently verified data about their emissions and supply chains, allowing outsiders to check their progress. Therefore, shoppers should look beyond vague labels like green or natural and instead search for ④recognized certifications, transparent reports, and measurable targets. Without such scrutiny, greenwashing will keep ⑤declining, undermining public trust and slowing the broader shift toward an economy that truly protects the planet.

When engineers design the software that controls a self-driving car, they face a question philosophers have debated for decades: should a crashing vehicle protect its own passenger, or minimize total harm even at the passenger's expense? Surveys reveal an uncomfortable contradiction: most people say a car should be programmed to save the greater number of lives, yet the same people admit they would never buy a vehicle designed to sacrifice its own owner. This suggests that _______________. Manufacturers, regulators, and philosophers must instead agree on transparent rules before autonomous vehicles are allowed to make such decisions.

Every time a smartphone connects to a network, it records a data point that can later map where its owner has been. The real danger emerges when location data from multiple sources is combined. Companies often argue that anonymized data cannot be traced back to individuals, yet researchers have repeatedly shown that _______________. As a result, privacy experts increasingly insist that location data deserves the same legal protection as medical records.

Classical economic models typically assume that people discount future rewards at a constant rate. Empirical observation, however, reveals a different pattern: people apply a much steeper discount to the immediate future than to the distant future, a phenomenon termed hyperbolic discounting. This dynamic helps explain chronic procrastination, since tasks that carry long-term benefits are perpetually deferred in favor of activities offering ___________ satisfaction.

Consider a village green shared freely by every herder in the community, where each individual may graze as many animals as they wish without paying any fee. From the perspective of any single herder, adding one more animal to the shared pasture brings a clear personal benefit, since the extra income belongs entirely to that herder alone. The cost of the additional grazing, however, is spread thinly across every herder who uses the green, so no single individual bears more than a tiny fraction of the damage. Because this calculation favors adding more animals for every rational herder, the shared pasture is gradually overgrazed until it can no longer support any animals at all, harming the very community whose rational members caused the collapse. Philosophers use this scenario to illustrate _______________.

Dear residents, this notice explains how to use our apartment recycling area correctly. The recycling area, located behind the main entrance, is open every day from six to ten in the evening. (A) First, sort your items into the labeled sections for paper, plastic, glass, and cans before dropping them off. Boxes should be flattened, and bottles should be emptied, because dirty items are hard to recycle. (B) In contrast to ordinary trash, recyclable materials must never be mixed together in one bag. Following these simple rules keeps our shared space tidy for every family. (C) However, please do not leave large furniture or electronics in this area at any time. Instead, contact the management office to arrange a separate pickup for those bulky items. For example, broken chairs and old refrigerators require a special sticker before collection.

These physiological adjustments, though subtle, translate into a noticeable difference once competition actually begins. Skipping a proper warm-up before intense exercise might seem like a harmless way to save a few minutes, but the practice carries real physiological costs. ( ① ) A cold muscle is stiffer and less elastic than a warm one, making it considerably more prone to strains and tears when suddenly asked to contract forcefully. ( ② ) Gradually raising body temperature through light activity increases blood flow to the muscles, allowing oxygen to reach tissue more efficiently and enabling nerve signals to travel faster between the brain and the muscle fibers. A proper warm-up also raises heart rate gradually, easing the cardiovascular system into strenuous work rather than shocking it with a sudden demand. ( ③ ) Athletes who warm up thoroughly tend to report better performance in the early minutes of competition, since their bodies are already primed rather than adjusting on the fly. ( ④ ) For this reason, coaches treat warm-up routines not as optional preparation but as an essential part of training itself. ( ⑤ )