영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

문제 1

A weekend camping trip promises fresh air and a break from screens, but the same wilderness that ①make camping appealing also removes many of the safety nets people rely on without noticing, such as nearby hospitals or cell phone signal. One of the most overlooked risks is ②setting up a tent too close to a campfire, since a sudden gust of wind can carry a spark onto dry fabric faster than anyone expects. Food storage is another area where casual habits create danger: leaving snacks inside a tent, rather than in a sealed container away from the sleeping area, can ③attract wildlife looking for food. Experienced campers also stress the importance of ④checking a weather forecast before leaving. None of these precautions demand special equipment or skill; they simply require campers ⑤to treat the outdoors with the same caution they would show in any unfamiliar environment.

문제 2

When consumers compare two products and assume that the one ①labeled "eco-friendly" is automatically the more sustainable choice, they often overlook the complexity involved in verifying such a claim. Life cycle assessment, commonly abbreviated as LCA, is a systematic method ②developed to evaluate the environmental impact of a product across every stage of its existence. This method examines raw material extraction, manufacturing, transportation, use, and disposal, ③compiling data on energy consumption and emissions generated at each stage. By tracing a product from its origin to its disposal, this approach reveals impacts that might otherwise remain hidden from consumers who ④sees only the finished item on a shelf. Without ⑤accounting for these earlier stages, a superficial comparison could mistakenly present the vehicle as entirely emission-free.

문제 3

Many teachers and parents worry that today's teenagers are ①gaining the ability to read long, complex texts. National test scores show a slow ②decline in reading comprehension over the past ten years, and some experts blame smartphones and short videos for shortening students' attention spans. Other researchers disagree with this simple explanation. They point out that teenagers today read constantly, just in different forms, such as text messages, captions, and online articles. According to this view, the real problem is not that students read less overall, but that they rarely practice reading long passages without any ③interruption. A team of researchers recently found that students who read at least one full book every month scored ④noticeably higher on comprehension tests than students who mainly read short online posts. This result suggests that the format of reading, rather than simple screen time, may be the more important factor behind the ⑤changing scores.

문제 4

Every July, our school library launches a summer reading challenge that invites students to read at least five books before classes begin again in September. Students who complete the challenge receive a ①small prize, but many say the real reward is something else entirely. Without daily homework and tests to worry about, summer gives students ②rare freedom to choose books purely because they sound interesting, not because a teacher assigned them. Librarians notice that students often pick more ③common genres during the challenge, including graphic novels, poetry, and nonfiction about hobbies they enjoy. This freedom seems to ④matter more than the prize itself, since students who only cared about winning tend to quit once the reading feels difficult, while curious readers keep going. Teachers who track student progress after summer report that challenge participants often return in September with noticeably ⑤stronger reading habits than classmates who read nothing over the break.

문제 5

Many students imagine a librarian simply sitting behind a desk and stamping books. (A) According to Ms. Han, the most rewarding moment is not organizing shelves but watching a student who once avoided reading finally ask for a second book in the same series. (B) Ms. Han, who has worked at a school library for over ten years, says that image is far from accurate, since a large part of her job involves choosing which new books to buy. (C) She also spends hours training students to search databases and judge whether an online source is trustworthy, a skill she considers just as important as reading itself.

문제 6

It is often assumed that memory operates independently of bodily context, yet research suggests that this assumption deserves reconsideration. (A) Critics might argue that such effects are minor and inconsistent, yet accumulated evidence across pharmacological and emotional studies is difficult to dismiss. Policymakers designing assessments should therefore weigh not only content difficulty but also the physiological continuity between preparation and examination, since ignoring this dimension risks underestimating certain students' actual knowledge. (B) This finding should prompt educators to reconsider the assumption that a single optimal testing environment exists for every learner, since matching internal states across encoding and retrieval provides retrieval cues that a mismatched state cannot supply. (C) When information is learned under a particular physiological or emotional condition, retrieval tends to improve if that same condition is reinstated at recall, a phenomenon researchers call state-dependent memory. Individuals who study while mildly anxious, for instance, often recall material more accurately when tested under similarly anxious conditions than when tested while calm, even though calmness is typically considered more conducive to concentration.

문제 7

Around elementary schools, bright yellow signs mark what is known as a school zone, an area where drivers are required to slow down to reduce the risk of striking a child who might dart into the street without warning. (A) A car traveling even ten kilometers per hour slower gives a driver several extra seconds to brake, often the exact difference between a frightening near miss and a tragedy. (B) Some drivers complain that the reduced speed limit wastes their time, especially when no children happen to be visible at that moment. (C) This complaint misses an important fact about how children behave near traffic: young students often lack the judgment to predict how far a car will travel before it can stop.

문제 8

When a resource is shared among many users, none of whom bears the full cost of its depletion, each individual is tempted to extract as much value as possible before others do the same. (A) This dynamic, famously labeled the tragedy of the commons, describes how shared pastures and fisheries can be degraded even when every participant privately understands the danger of overuse. (B) A single herder who adds one more animal to a communal pasture gains the entire benefit of that addition, whereas the resulting damage to the grass is shared among other herders who depend on the land. Because self-interest offers no incentive to restrain consumption unilaterally, the resource tends to be exhausted long before any user intends such an outcome. (C) For decades, economists assumed that only two remedies existed: strict regulation or the conversion of shared resources into private property. Elinor Ostrom challenged this assumption, however, by documenting communities that had sustainably managed fisheries and forests for generations through locally devised rules and mutual monitoring rather than external control.

문제 9

Seatbelts are so woven into the experience of riding in a car that many passengers buckle them without thinking, yet a surprising number of teenagers still skip them for short trips, assuming that a five-minute drive to a friend's house does not carry much risk. (A) In a collision, a body traveling at a moderate speed continues moving forward at that same speed until something stops it, and without a seatbelt, that something is often the windshield or the dashboard. (B) Traffic safety data tell a different story: most fatal crashes occur within a few kilometers of home, on roads drivers know so well that they let their guard down. (C) A seatbelt spreads the force of a sudden stop across the stronger parts of the body, such as the hips and chest, instead of concentrating it on the head and neck.

문제 10

주어진 문장: In simple terms, this process prevents carbon dioxide from ever reaching the atmosphere in the first place. As efforts to curb greenhouse gas emissions intensify, industries unable to eliminate carbon dioxide from their processes have turned to a technology known as carbon capture and storage. ① This technology involves separating carbon dioxide from the exhaust of power plants before it is released into the atmosphere, then transporting the captured gas for underground injection. ② Once injected into porous rock formations, the gas is trapped beneath layers of impermeable rock that prevent it from escaping into the air. Proponents argue that carbon capture and storage functions as a bridge technology, allowing heavy industries to keep operating while more sustainable alternatives are developed. ③ For instance, cement and steel production, both of which release carbon dioxide as an unavoidable byproduct of chemical reactions, are considered prime candidates for this approach. ④ However, critics contend that the technology remains prohibitively expensive and that building pipelines requires investments few companies make voluntarily. ⑤ Despite such concerns, many governments continue funding pilot projects, convinced that this technology will play an indispensable role in reaching emission targets. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤