영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment ①known as green jobs has expanded rapidly. These positions include solar panel installers, wind turbine technicians, and specialists who design energy-efficient buildings. Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy have seen employment in this sector ②grown far faster than in the economy overall. Young workers, in particular, are drawn to green careers because they ③offer a sense of purpose alongside financial stability. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs is not always simple, ④since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed ⑤to help such workers shift smoothly into renewable energy careers.

Consider a large heap containing ten thousand grains of sand. Nearly everyone agrees that removing a single grain from such a heap leaves another heap behind; surely one grain could never make the difference between a heap and a non-heap. Yet if this principle is applied repeatedly, grain by grain, the heap eventually ②grows to a single lonely grain, or even to no grains at all, and logic alone seems to force us to accept that this final result still counts as a heap. Something has clearly ①gone wrong along the way, since no reasonable person would call one grain of sand a heap, but pinpointing exactly which single removal transformed a heap into a non-heap seems ③impossible. The puzzle exposes a deep discomfort with vague terms like "heap," "tall," or "bald," concepts that seem to admit no sharp ④boundary yet are used confidently in everyday language. Some philosophers conclude that classical logic itself may need to be ⑤revised to accommodate the genuine vagueness built into ordinary human language.

The gig economy has grown ①rapidly over the past decade, as digital platforms connect customers directly with independent workers. This model offers clear advantages: workers can choose when and how much they work, providing valuable ②rigidity that traditional employment rarely allows. However, gig workers often ③lack benefits such as health insurance and paid leave, which full-time employees typically receive. Because their income can ④fluctuate sharply from month to month, many gig workers struggle to plan their finances confidently. Governments therefore face growing pressure to ⑤protect independent workers through new policies.

Devices that translate brain activity directly into digital commands have moved from laboratory experiments to real medical use, allowing paralyzed patients to control a robotic arm or type a message using thought alone. As the technology ①improves, some developers envision a future in which brain-computer interfaces extend beyond restoring lost function toward enhancing healthy minds. This prospect raises a philosophical question that medicine alone cannot answer: if a device can alter memory, mood, or decision-making, at what point does the assistance stop being a tool and start ②reshaping the very identity of the person using it. Neuroethicists argue that mental privacy, the ability to keep one's own thoughts ③exposed to external access or manipulation, may need to be recognized as a fundamental right before this technology becomes ④widespread. This concern is likely to grow ⑤more urgent as the devices become more powerful.

When people estimate the value of an unfamiliar product, they rarely rely on objective calculation alone; instead, they anchor their judgment to whatever numerical reference happens to be presented first, however arbitrary that number may be. A shopper who first sees a jacket listed at $300 before it is marked down to $150 will likely judge the discounted price as an excellent bargain. Such evidence indicates that rational deliberation alone cannot fully explain how value is perceived, since the ___________ ultimately shapes what buyers are willing to pay.

Sunny Beach Rentals is now open for the summer season, offering ___________. Customers can rent items such as beach umbrellas, folding chairs, snorkeling gear, paddleboards, and life jackets in various sizes at affordable daily rates.

Not all environmental changes happen at the same steady pace. (A) A well-known example involves melting Arctic ice, which exposes darker ocean water that absorbs more sunlight and speeds up further melting in a self-reinforcing cycle. (B) Once this kind of threshold is crossed, reversing the damage becomes extremely difficult, which is why scientists consider identifying these points an urgent priority. (C) Some changes accumulate slowly and predictably, while others can suddenly accelerate once a critical threshold, known as a tipping point, is crossed.

Most students only see the final result, a few smooth minutes each morning. Behind that short program, however, broadcasting club members follow a busy daily routine. (A) At exactly eight o'clock, the red light turns on, and the live broadcast begins. During class hours, however, most members return to their regular classroom lessons like everyone else. (B) Members arrive at school thirty minutes earlier than other students to prepare the studio. They check the microphones, the cameras, and the lighting before anyone else arrives. Meanwhile, the script team finalizes the news script that was written the night before. Once everything is ready, the anchors practice their lines one last time. (C) After school, the club meets again to review that morning's recording and discuss any mistakes. Through this daily routine, members slowly learn skills such as teamwork and quick thinking under pressure.

The same mechanism that helps citizens save more for retirement, in other words, can just as easily be turned against their financial interests. Default settings are not inherently virtuous; their ethical value depends entirely on whose interests they serve. ( ① ) A retirement plan that automatically enrolls employees at a reasonable contribution rate generally benefits those employees by overcoming their tendency toward inertia. ( ② ) A subscription service that automatically renews at a higher price unless the customer actively cancels, however, exploits that very same inertia for the company's benefit rather than the customer's. ( ③ ) Both arrangements rely on the identical psychological tendency to accept whatever has been preselected. ( ④ ) Distinguishing between beneficial and exploitative uses of default settings therefore requires examining not the mechanism itself but the intentions and incentives of whoever designed it. ( ⑤ ) Regulators increasingly demand transparency about default settings precisely because the mechanism alone cannot reveal whether it serves the consumer or merely the company offering it.

If such a divide hardens, competitive advantages in school, sports, and the workplace could come to depend less on effort than on access to capital. Beyond restoring lost function, engineers are now exploring implants and prosthetics designed to give healthy people abilities beyond ordinary human limits. ( ① ) Supporters frame this as simply the next step in a long history of human enhancement, no different in principle from eyeglasses or vaccines. ( ② ) Critics counter that earlier enhancements were broadly available to anyone regardless of wealth. ( ③ ) Cutting-edge neural and physical implants, by contrast, are likely to remain expensive for decades, potentially splitting society into those who can afford enhancement and those who cannot. ( ④ ) What began as a medical tool for restoring what was lost, in other words, may end up redefining the baseline of what counts as an ordinary human being. ( ⑤ )