영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

문제 1

Psychologist John Suler proposed a concept called the online disinhibition effect, ①describing how people behave differently on the internet than they do face to face. Because usernames often hide real identities and screens ②create physical distance from others, individuals feel freer to express themselves without immediate social consequences. This freedom can be beneficial, allowing shy people to share honest feelings they would normally hesitate ③to reveal in person. However, the same anonymity frequently produces a darker outcome, encouraging users to post cruel comments they would never say to someone's face. Malicious remarks left under celebrities' photos or news articles ④illustrates how quickly this behavior can spread once a few users set the tone. Such comments often cause severe emotional harm to the people who ⑤receive them.

문제 2

Willpower is like a muscle that ①become tired after being used too much, so people often run out of self-control by the end of a busy day. Many resolutions are unrealistic from the beginning, since people set goals ②that are far too difficult to reach in a short time, and when a goal feels impossible, people quickly lose motivation and ③stop trying. Most resolutions, such as ④losing weight or saving money, do not offer any immediate reward, so people find it hard to stay motivated without seeing fast results. Understanding these reasons can help people ⑤design goals that are more realistic and rewarding.

문제 3

One day, her science teacher showed the class a photo of a beach ①covered with plastic cups and bottles. That evening, she found an old tumbler ②hiding in a kitchen drawer and decided to use it every day. At first, ③carrying the tumbler felt inconvenient, and she often forgot to bring it to school. However, she kept a reminder note on her bag, ④which helped her remember it each morning. Within a month, ⑤using the tumbler had become as natural as brushing her teeth.

문제 4

This goal-tracking app helps you set New Year goals and build healthy habits step by step. First, open the app and create an account using your email address. Next, tap the plus button to add a new goal, and choose how often you want to ①practice it. The app will then send a ②rare reminder at the time you select each day. Every time you complete a task, tap the checkmark, and the app will ③record your streak automatically. You can also view a simple chart that shows your ④progress over the past month. Finally, share your progress with a friend inside the app for extra ⑤motivation and support.

문제 5

The human gut hosts trillions of microorganisms whose combined genetic material ①trails that of the human genome itself many times over. Once dismissed as ②passive hitchhikers, these bacteria are now understood to actively shape digestion, regulate immune responses, and even influence the production of chemicals that affect mood and behavior. A microbiome disrupted by antibiotics, poor diet, or chronic stress can leave the gut lining more ③permeable than it should be, allowing substances to leak into the bloodstream that would normally stay contained. Researchers studying this connection have found that transplanting gut bacteria from a healthy donor into a patient can, in some cases, ④relieve symptoms of certain digestive disorders that conventional medication had failed to treat. Still, scientists caution that the microbiome varies enormously between individuals, which means a treatment that restores balance in one person's gut may do ⑤little for someone else's.

문제 6

Jihun wanted to start stretching every day but kept forgetting no matter how many notes he left himself. (A) After a month, he no longer needed to think about it, because the smell of coffee alone reminded him to stretch. (B) He decided to try habit stacking by connecting the new habit to something he already did without fail each morning. (C) Since he never skipped making coffee before school, he began stretching for five minutes while the coffee machine ran.

문제 7

The Hopeful Start Workshop offers a simple way for students to plan their new year goals. (A) First, the workshop will run from two to four in the afternoon on January 10th at the Green Hill Community Center. (B) During the session, participants will learn how to write specific, measurable goals and break them into small weekly steps. (C) Finally, students who wish to join should register online or call the front desk before January 8th, since seats are limited to thirty people.

문제 8

주어진 문장: This is why many coaches encourage athletes to keep their pre-game rituals exactly the same, even when circumstances change. Psychologists who study daily behavior describe habits through a model called the cue-routine-reward loop. ( ① ) This theory explains that every habit begins with a cue, a signal that tells the brain to start an automatic behavior. ( ② ) The brain then performs a routine, which is the action itself, whether physical or mental. ( ③ ) Finally, the brain receives a reward, a positive feeling that makes it want to repeat the same behavior. ( ④ ) For example, a notification sound can act as a cue that leads a student to check a phone, and the relief from boredom becomes the reward. Similarly, opening a refrigerator out of habit rather than hunger shows how a routine can run without conscious thought. Because this loop operates automatically, breaking a bad habit requires changing the routine while keeping the same cue and reward. ( ⑤ ) Understanding this structure helps people redesign daily patterns more effectively than relying on willpower alone.

문제 9

주어진 문장: Curious about why she always ran out of money so quickly, she asked her cousin for advice. When Mina was a freshman, she often spent her allowance within a few days. ( ① ) Her older cousin told her about the marshmallow experiment, a famous study in which children could eat one marshmallow immediately or wait for two. ( ② ) Researchers found that children who waited longer showed better academic performance and self-control years later. ( ③ ) This ability to resist an immediate reward in favor of a larger future one is known as delayed gratification. ( ④ ) Inspired by the study, Mina began saving half of her allowance each week instead of spending it all on snacks. At first, resisting small purchases felt surprisingly difficult, especially when her friends were eating out. After three months, however, she had saved enough to buy a bicycle she had wanted for over a year. ( ⑤ )

문제 10

주어진 문장: In contrast, turning off the tap during that time saves a surprising amount of water each day. Water looks endless when it flows from the tap every morning. ① However, clean water is actually a limited resource that we must protect carefully. Many families waste water without even noticing it in their daily routine. For example, leaving the tap running while brushing your teeth can waste several liters of water. ② Taking a shorter shower is another easy habit that reduces water use significantly. ③ Fixing a leaking faucet, which many people ignore, can also save hundreds of liters every month. ④ Saving water is like keeping money in a savings account for the future. Therefore, small changes in our daily habits, practiced by every family, can protect this precious resource. ⑤ Everyone who cares about the environment should start saving water today.