영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

A single fertilized egg eventually gives rise to every cell type in the human body, from neurons to bone, a feat that has ①fascinated biologists for more than a century. Embryonic stem cells retain much of that original ②versatility, capable in principle of developing into almost any tissue, which is why researchers have long viewed them as a promising raw material for repairing damaged organs. Because harvesting these cells traditionally required destroying a human embryo, the research ③eliminated ethical objections fierce enough to slow funding and legislation in several countries for years. A breakthrough arrived when scientists discovered that ordinary adult skin cells could be reprogrammed into a state resembling embryonic versatility without ever touching an embryo. These induced pluripotent cells have not entirely erased the ethical debate, but they have opened a path for stem cell research that far more scientists and funding agencies are ④willing to ⑤support.

Setting a career plan early in high school offers several important ①benefits. First, having a general direction helps students choose subjects and activities that support their goals, instead of picking them ②randomly. Second, a plan gives students a sense of purpose, which can make schoolwork feel more meaningful. However, an effective career plan should remain ③rigid, since interests and circumstances often change during the teenage years. Career counselors therefore recommend reviewing a plan every few months and ④adjusting it based on new experiences. In this way, careful planning provides a clear yet adaptable path toward genuine personal growth and long-term ⑤satisfaction.

The job market has changed dramatically over the past few decades. Many tasks once done entirely by humans are now shared with machines and computer programs. As a result, some traditional jobs have slowly ①appeared, while entirely new positions have emerged to replace them. Workers who once relied on a single skill for their whole career now often need to learn new tools. A graphic designer today must ②understand digital software that did not exist twenty years ago. Adapting to these changes can feel ③stressful, but experts note that workers who stay flexible and keep learning tend to ④succeed regardless of which industry they choose. The ability to adapt may be more valuable than any single specific ⑤skill.

Writing a personal statement can feel overwhelming, but a few simple strategies make the process easier. First, avoid simply listing your achievements; instead, explain what each experience ①taught you and how it shaped your goals. Second, use specific examples rather than ②vague statements, since details make your story more convincing and memorable. Third, keep your tone honest and natural, because reviewers can easily ③notice writing that sounds forced or overly formal. Finally, always ④ignore proofreading carefully, since small errors can distract readers from an otherwise strong statement. A personal statement is a chance to show who you truly are and what you hope to ⑤become.

The term green premium _______________. For example, an electric vehicle or solar-powered appliance often carries a higher price tag than its gasoline-powered or coal-based counterpart, even though it produces fewer emissions over time. This price gap frequently discourages shoppers who support sustainability in principle but cannot justify the additional expense within a limited household budget. In contrast, wealthier consumers can absorb the premium more easily, which creates unequal participation in green markets. To narrow this gap, governments have introduced subsidies and tax credits that lower upfront costs, while companies invest in research to make clean technologies cheaper to manufacture. As production scales up and innovation continues, many economists expect the green premium to shrink steadily, eventually making sustainable choices the more affordable option for most consumers.

Jimin joined the school band club in March, but she had never performed before an audience. The club's first concert was only two weeks away, and everyone felt nervous. During practice, her hands shook whenever the song reached the chorus, and she kept missing the same chord. Instead of laughing at her mistakes, the other members waited patiently and played the section again with her. The drummer, Suho, suggested that she focus on just one part at a time. Slowly, her fingers grew more confident, and the chord that once felt impossible began to feel natural. The club practiced until the melody sounded smooth the night before the concert. When Jimin walked onto the stage, she thought of her friends' patience instead of her fear. The audience clapped warmly, and she realized _______________________.

The Hillside Community Center is recruiting student volunteers for its summer programs. (A) No prior experience is necessary, since training will be provided on the first day. (B) Volunteers will help with tutoring younger children, organizing books, and assisting elderly residents. (C) Because the number of positions is limited, students should apply online before July 10th.

From that day on, he looked at his tray with completely different eyes. Minjun used to leave half of his lunch tray full of untouched rice and vegetables every day. ① Last spring, his class started a campaign called "Clean Plate Day" to reduce food waste. At first, Minjun thought the campaign sounded boring and unnecessary for someone like him. ② However, his teacher explained that leftover food thrown away every day adds up to a huge amount of waste. ③ She compared uneaten food to money dropped carelessly on the street, which nobody bothers to pick up. ④ This comparison surprised Minjun because he had never thought about food that way before. ⑤ He decided to take only what he could finish and to try new vegetables slowly. Within a few weeks, his tray was almost always empty, and he felt proud of the change.

주어진 문장: This lack of accountability makes silence feel like a reasonable, even harmless, choice. Social psychologists describe a phenomenon called the bystander effect, in which individuals become less likely to help a victim as the number of witnesses increases. ( ① ) Each observer assumes someone else will step in, and this diffusion of responsibility leaves no one willing to act. ( ② ) Cyberbullying magnifies this problem, since a single humiliating post can be witnessed by thousands of people scattered across the internet rather than a few standing nearby. ( ③ ) Anonymity intensifies the effect further, allowing silent observers to scroll past cruel comments without feeling accountable for their inaction. ( ④ ) Some bystanders even worry that intervening publicly might make them the bully's next target, so they choose to remain silent instead. ( ⑤ ) However, silence signals approval to both the bully and the audience watching the exchange unfold. Experts insist that even a single supportive comment can disrupt this harmful pattern. Therefore, witnesses online must resist staying passive and instead speak up.

This small difference in preparation determines whether an item can be reused or simply thrown away as waste. Sorting your trash correctly is one of the simplest habits that protect our environment. ① When you separate paper, plastic, glass, and cans, recycling centers can process each material more efficiently. ② For example, plastic bottles should be rinsed and have their caps removed before being thrown away. Paper soaked with food or oil, however, cannot be recycled and must go into general waste. ③ Sorting garbage is similar to organizing a closet, where each type of clothing has its own shelf. If items are mixed together carelessly, finding what you need later becomes difficult. ④ Likewise, mixing recyclables with ordinary trash makes the whole recycling process complicated. Many students believe that sorting trash takes too much time, but it actually requires only a few extra seconds. ⑤ Therefore, learning these basic rules now helps you build a habit that benefits your entire community.