영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Picture books are usually written for young children, but a growing number of adults are ①picking them up for themselves. At first glance, a picture book seems too simple for someone who has already ②learned to read long novels. However, many picture books deal with serious themes, such as loss, fear, and change, using only a few carefully ③choosing words. Because the text is short, every sentence carries extra weight, and readers naturally ④slow down to notice small details in the pictures. This slower pace can feel calming for adults who are used to rushing through long articles and constant notifications. A picture book can also be finished in a single sitting, which makes it easy to return to the same story again and again. For these reasons, therapists and teachers sometimes recommend picture books not only to children but also to stressed adults ⑤who need a quiet moment.

On the first day of winter break, my friend Yuna and I sat in a cafe and talked about the new year ahead. Instead of ①making separate plans, we decided to write our goals together on one sheet of paper. Yuna wanted ②improving her English speaking, while I wanted to wake up earlier every morning. We agreed ③to text each other every night to report what we had done that day. Yuna, ④who noticed my short replies, called me instead of just texting. Because we supported each other through difficult moments, both of us ⑤successfully reached our goals by spring.

When Suji transferred to a new school in March, she knew no one in her class and felt ①lonely during lunch and breaks. Her homeroom teacher suggested joining a club to make friends more easily. Suji signed up for the photography club, though she had never taken photography seriously before. At the first meeting, older members taught her how to adjust a camera and find a ②good angle. Because everyone shared photos and gave ③friendly feedback each week, Suji gradually felt more ④uncomfortable with the other members. One rainy afternoon, a fellow member, Hana, invited her to photograph the flooded schoolyard together. They laughed while trying to keep their cameras dry, and that moment grew into a real ⑤friendship.

Anthropologist Robin Dunbar proposed a concept now known as Dunbar's number, suggesting that human beings can only ①abandon about one hundred fifty stable social relationships at any given time. This limit, he argued, comes from the size of the human brain, which ②restricts how many meaningful connections a person can cognitively manage. In contrast, many social media users today have hundreds or even thousands of online friends and followers, a number far ③exceeding what Dunbar's research predicts. However, having numerous digital contacts does not necessarily mean that all of these relationships are ④close or emotionally supportive. Most users, when asked, admit that they interact regularly with only a small fraction of their total followers, while the rest remain largely ⑤unnoticed.

Whenever someone learns that I spend hours drawing comics that almost nobody else ever sees, they usually ask why I bother, since the work will never be published or praised by a large audience. For a long time, I struggled to answer that question honestly, assuming that art only counted as worthwhile once other people recognized it. Watching my younger brother build enormous, pointless block towers purely for the joy of knocking them down, though, helped me understand something I had been missing. He never once asked whether his tower was good; he simply needed to build the version of it that existed in his head before he could feel satisfied. Creating something, I now believe, often serves the creator first, giving shape to a feeling or idea that would otherwise stay vague and unexpressed. _______________.

Many people feel a sudden wave of anxiety when their smartphone battery is nearly dead or they have left it at home. This intense discomfort, known as nomophobia, is short for "no-mobile-phone phobia," a term describing the fear of losing connection to one's phone. Nomophobia involves physical symptoms, including a racing heart, sweating, and restlessness, whenever a person cannot check messages or social media. Researchers explain that this fear develops because smartphones have become tightly linked to social belonging; missing a notification can feel like being cut off from friends. For example, some students check their phones dozens of times an hour, even during class, just to confirm nothing important has been missed. Therefore, experts suggest gradually reducing phone checks to weaken this anxious dependence. ___________.

Building a reading habit does not usually start with a big decision to read more. (A) It often starts with very small, easy steps, such as keeping a book in a bag or choosing a fixed time each day to read for just ten minutes. (B) These small routines work because they lower the effort needed to begin; once a student opens a book, continuing to read feels much easier than starting did. (C) Over weeks, these tiny actions add up, and reading slowly becomes something the student simply does, rather than something the student has to force.

Scientists have studied exactly how a habit becomes part of daily life over time. (A) In the early stage, the brain still treats the new activity as unusual, so a person must rely heavily on willpower to continue. (B) By the final stage, the behavior no longer requires effort, since it has become a natural and comfortable part of the daily routine. (C) As the weeks pass, the behavior gradually becomes easier because the brain begins to expect it at a certain time each day.

This eagerness to get moving is understandable, but it can come at a real physical cost. Physical education class often feels like the one period of the day when students can finally move freely, which sometimes leads them to skip the warm-up routine that teachers insist on before any real activity begins. ( ① ) Cold muscles, however, are noticeably less flexible than warmed ones, and stretching a stiff hamstring or ankle too quickly can cause a strain that keeps a student off the field for weeks rather than minutes. ( ② ) Coaches often compare an unwarmed muscle to a cold rubber band that snaps rather than stretches under sudden pressure. ( ③ ) Beyond warming up, wearing proper footwear matters more than most students realize; running in worn-out sneakers with little grip left on the sole significantly raises the chance of a twisted ankle on a gym floor or an outdoor field. ( ④ ) Reporting a minor pain immediately, rather than pushing through it to finish a game, also prevents a small issue from becoming a repeated injury that lingers for an entire season. ( ⑤ )

The change is small, but it asks students to do something quite different. Many English teachers now ask students to write a short review after finishing a book, rather than simply filling out a reading log. ( ① ) At first, students often complain that summarizing a plot is enough work already, so writing an opinion on top of that feels unnecessary. ( ② ) However, a review requires something a summary does not: a clear judgment supported by specific evidence from the text. ( ③ ) To defend an opinion about a character or a theme, students must return to the book and find exact passages that support their view. ( ④ ) This process forces readers to notice details they might have skipped during a first, quick reading. ( ⑤ ) Teachers who assign reviews regularly report that their students remember plot details more accurately and discuss characters' motivations more confidently than students who only summarize, and writing a review turns out to be a way of reading more carefully in the first place.